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2014年5月17日
答辩委员会主席(签名):
评阅人(签名):
二〇一四年五月十日
Abstract:
Eversincehumanbeingemergedonthisplanet,theyhavebeeninconflictswithnature.Thehistoryofthedevelopmentofhumancivilizationisalsothatofman’sincreasingdestructionofnature.Asaresultofscienceandtechnologyrevolution,humansgraduallymasterthegreattechnologyandhavepowertoputanendtoallpoverty,buttheyalsopossessthepowertodestroytheworld,leavingituninhabitableandlifeless.Althoughhumanbeinghascreatedenormouswealth,buttheseareachievedatthecosttotheirlivingenvironment.Thepastseveraldecadeshavewitnessedsuchgreatchangesintheenvironmentthatvariousproblemsanddisastersappearedonebyone.Ecologicalcrisis,suchassoaringpopulation,unbalancedecologicalsystemandnaturalresourceshortage,continuestoposegreatthreattothehumanbeings’survivalanddevelopment.Thenotionthatpeopleareblessedwithanabundanceofresourceshasledtothemisuseandabuseoftheresource.Thispaperaimsatexpoundingthealertingfunctionsofmoviesinpolitics,economyandculturebydescribingtheecologicalcrisisinthefilms2012,TheDayafterTomorrowandJapansinks...
KeyWords:
conflicts,ecologicalcrisis,films,alertingfunctions
摘要:
自人类出现始,人类就与自然处在相互冲突之中。
人类发展的文明史同样记载了人类破坏自然的历史。
随着新科技革命的产生,人类逐渐掌握了强大的科技和力量,这些力量足以阻止人类一切的贫穷,同时,也会毁灭世界,使其变成一个无法居住的不毛之地。
尽管人类创造了前所未有的财富,与此同时,人类的生存环境也为此做出了很大的牺牲。
过去的几十年见证了地球环境的巨大变化,各种各样的问题和灾难接踵而至。
生态危机,如人口激增、生态失调、自然资源短缺等已对人类的生存和发展造成了很大的威胁。
有人认为人类拥有了富足的资源,这种想法导致了人类对资源的误用和滥用。
因此,这篇论文旨在通过对电影《2012》《后天》《日本沉没》中生态危机的描述,阐释生态危机在经济上,政治上和文化上的警示作用。
其中,三部电影所反映出来的生态危机都能在人类历史中找到痕迹。
因此,这篇论文将收集有关数据,为电影中核泄露、风、地震提供佐证。
关键词:
冲突生态危机电影警示作用
CONTENTS
ⅠIntroduction
Eversincehumanbeingshavesetfootonthisplanet,theirlivesanddevelopmentaretightlyboundbytheirlivingenvironment.Today,thereisagrowingawarenessthatthepeaceoftheworldisnotonlythreatenedbyarmedforce,regionalconflicts,andcontinualdisputesamongnationsandraces,butalsocausedbylackingthesenseofecologicalprotection.Theecologicalcrisisintheworldhasalreadystarted,andhavingagreateffectoneverycountry.Theecologicalcrisisintheworldiscausedbymanythings,anincreasingpopulation,andoverconsumptionofnaturalresources,deforestationoftherainforests,fossilfueluse,andgarbagecreatedbyhumans.Ascounterattack,aseriesofsevereenvironmentaldisastersbroughtmassmiserytopeople.Forexample,thenuclearleakingofChernobylwasconsidered“theworstnuclearpowerplantaccidentinhistory,andisoneofonlytwoclassifiedasalevel7eventontheInternationalNuclearEventScale”1“HurricaneKatrinaofthe2005Atlantichurricaneseasonwasthecostliestnaturaldisaster,aswellasoneofthefivedeadliesthurricanes,inthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.”2
Mendependheavilyuponnatureinallrounds.However,theyarelikelytoignore…
EcologicalCrisis
“Thereisnodoubttodaythatamajordimensionofthepresentmultidimensionalcrisis,whichextendstotheeconomic,political,culturalandgeneralsociallevel,istheecologicalcrisis,namelythecrisiswhichconcernsnottherelationsbetweensocialindividuals,astheotherdimensionsofthecrisis,butourinteraction,associalindividuals,withtheenvironment.”3
2.1Ecology
Theword“ecology”wasoriginatedfromancientGreekword“okios”and“logos”,createdbyGreekphilosopherTheophrastus(371BC-287BC).“Okiosmeanshome,notjusthabitation,butalllivingplaces.”4“Ecology(fromGreek:
οἶκος,"
house"
;
-λογία,"
studyof"
)isthescientificstudyoftherelationoflivingorganismstoeachotherandtheirsurroundings.”5Thestudyofecologyusuallyaimstostudywherepeoplelive,whichincludesgeology,plants,animals,waterandhowallthesethingsinteractwitheachother.Humanshavebeenstudentsofecologyaslongashumanbeingshaveexistedasspecie.Theearliesthuntersandgatherershadtoknowthehabitsoftheiranimalpreyandwheretofindfoodandplants.Thefutureoftheirownspeciesdependsonhowwellpeopleunderstandtherelationshipbetweenorganismsandtheenvironment.
2.2Ecologicalcrisis
“Anecologicalcrisisoccurswhentheenvironmentofaspeciesorapopulationchangesinawaythatdestabilizesitscontinuedsurvival.”6
Morespecifically,ecologicalcrisismeansenvironmentalcrisis.AsBarrymonerputit:
Theenvironmentalcrisisisasignthatthefinelysculpturedfitbetweenlifeanditssurroundingshasbeguntocorrode.Asthelinksbetweenonelivingthingandanother,andbetweenallofthemandtheirsurroundings,begintobreakdown,thedynamicinteractionsthatsustainthewholehavebeguntofalterand,insomeplaces,stop.7
2.2.1Causesofecologicalcrisis
AsJohnBellamyFosterputitinTheEcologicalRevolution,“Therootsofthepresentecologicalcrisis,liesincapital’srapaciousexpansion,whichhasnowachievedunprecedentedheightsofirrationalityacrosstheglobe”8
(1):
Itneveroccurredtomethatshewassodishonest.11
我从来没想过她会这么不老实。
(2):
Howisitwiththesickman?
12
那个病人怎么样了?
Badlypollutedaircanharmcropsandcauselife-threateningillnesses.Modernchemicalfarmingisveryproductivebutcontaminatesgroundwaterwithnitrateandwildlifeandpeoplewithpesticides.Suchpollutedwaterthreats…
2.3Historicalscientificdataofsomeaccidents
Ecologicalcrisishaveincreasedinseverityoverthepastdecades,causingeconomic…
2.3.1TheLeakinessintheChernobylNuclearPowerStationoftheFormerSovietUnion
TheChernobylNuclearPowerStationisalargestationmadeupwith4sets,each…
2.3.2The2005HurricaneKatrina
OnAugust28,2005,HurricaneKatrinalandedonNewOrleansofLouisiana…
2.3.32011Tohokuearthquakeandtsunami
OnFriday,11March2011,amagnitude9.0(Mw)underseamegabrought…
ⅢEcologicalCrisisintheFilmsof2012,TheDayAfterTomorrow,andJapanSinks
ⅣTheAlertingFunctionsofEcologicalCrisis
ⅤConclusion
Thepaperhasshownthecrisisinthefilmof2012,TheDayafterTomorrow,JapanSinks,mainlyfocusedonthecrisissuchasearthquake,tsunami,andhurricaneandvolcanoeruption.Inaddition,threefamousdisasters,theleakinessintheChernobylNuclearPowerStationin1986,the2005HurricaneKatrinainNewOrleans,USA,andthecatastrophicearthquakeinJapan,inMarch2011,evertookplaceinhistoryhavebeenintroducedintothispaper.Byanalyzingthedisastersofthreefilms,arelationofecologicalcrisisbetweenthefilmandtherealaccidentsiseasilytobefound.Thepaperhasalsodescribedthealteringfunctionofecologicalcrisisonpolitics,economyandculture…
…
Notes
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12-14.(合集中的某一篇文章,且这篇文章只由一位作者编写)
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