地球脉动.docx

1、地球脉动第二季中英对照剧本BBC的自然纪录片“PlanetEarth”地球脉动在播出时曾轰动全球，被无数纪录片迷封为神作。第一集从离地三千米的高空俯视地球LookingdownfromtwomilesabovethesurfaceoftheEarth让人无法不为自然界的力量itsimpossiblenottobeimpressed与其纯粹的宏伟壮丽bythesheergrandeurandsplendour而叹为观止andpowerofthenaturalworlD.十年前Tenyearsago,在行星地球这一电视节目中inatelevisionseriescalledPlanetEarth,

2、我们呈现了众多这样的奇迹werevealedmanyofthosewonders,时至今日世界已大有变化buttoday,muchhaschangeD.我们将用全新的方式展示地球上的生命Wecannowshowlifeonourplanetinentirelynewways.带你以前所未有的近距离接触动物Bringyouclosertoanimalsthaneverbefore.首次揭示野生动物的精彩瞬间Andrevealnewwildlifedramasfortheveryfirsttime.而且不只这些Butthatsnotall.我们的星球也在变化Ourplanethaschangedt

3、oo.大自然从未像现在一样Neverhavethosewildernessesbeenasfragile脆弱而又珍贵andaspreciousastheyaretoday.恰逢自然世界这一关键时刻Atthiscrucialtimeforthenaturalworld,我们将再次启航踏遍全球wewilljourneytoeverycorneroftheglobe.去探索这颗星球上最宝贵的财富.toexplorethegreatesttreasuresofourlivingplanet.去揭秘动物们突破的种种极限.andrevealtheextremelengthsanimalsgoto为了生存t

4、osurvive.最后我们还将回到城市Finally,wewillexploreourcities探寻生命是如何适应toseehowlifeisadapting这个地球上最新兴的栖息地tothenewesthabitatonEarth.这里是行星地球第二季ThisisPlanetEarthII.地球上有成千上万的岛屿Therearehundredsofthousandsofislands,每一座岛屿都是一个迷你世界eachoneaworldinminiature,是地球的一个缩影amicrocosmofourlivingplanet.这些偏僻岛屿上为生存所做的努力Thestrugglestos

5、urviveontheseremotelands正如地球上所有生命都要面临的挑战reflectthechallengesfacedbyalllifeonEarth.巴拿马海岸线边的埃斯库多岛ThetinyislandofEscudooffthecoastofPanamA.是侏三趾树懒的栖息地Hometothepygmythree-toedsloth.这是一只雄性树懒Thisisamale在这里生活得十分惬意andlifeheresuitshimwell.红树林为他提供食物Mangrovesprovidealltheleaveshecaneat也没有天敌前来叨扰andtherearenopred

6、atorstoworryhim.岛上的生活似牧歌般悠闲Islandlifemayseemidyllic但这是有代价的butitcomesataprice.这座岛上只有几百只雌性侏三指树懒Thereareonlyafewhundredpygmyslothsinexistence.而他需要配偶Andheneedsamate.这雌性的叫声Thatsanenticingcall.好生诱人.fromafemale.就在不远的某个地方Somewhereoutthere.对树懒来说这反应堪称迅猛Andthis,forasloth,isaquickreaction.但问题是中间隔着一渊深潭Theproblem

7、is,theresdeepwaterbetweenthem.那么一只气血方刚的树懒会怎么做呢Sowhatshouldanyred-bloodedslothdo?当然是游过去Swim,ofcourse.那会是她吗Couldthisbeher?他尽全力加快速度HedoeshisbesttoputonaturnofspeeD.但叫的不是她Butshesnottheone.这只母树懒已经有了一只幼崽Shealreadyhasababy在幼崽六个月后长大离开之前andshewontmateagainuntilitleavesher她不会再次交配inaboutsixmonthstime.即使生活在天堂之岛

8、也会有限制Evenlifeonaparadiseislandcanhaveitslimitations.但至少她就在不远处Butatleastshecantbefaraway.地球上所有的侏三指树懒都生活在Theworldsentirepopulationofpygmyslothsisisolated这片不及纽约中央公园大小的岛屿上onaspeckoflandnobiggerthanNewYorksCentralPark.岛屿的大小极大地影响着Thesizeofanislandhasahugeinfluence生活在那里的动物onthefateofthosecastawaythere.这是印度

9、尼西亚的科莫多岛TheislandofKomodoinIndonesiA.龙之巢穴Hometodragons.体长三米重达六十八公斤Tenfeetlongandweighinganimpressivelbs,他们是地球上现存体型最大的蜥蜴thesearethelargestlivinglizardsontheplanet.大型食肉动物在岛屿上并不常见Itsunusualtofindlargepredatorsonislands.然而四百万年来Yet,forfourmillionyears,科莫多巨蜥一直称霸这里theKomododragonhasdominatedhere.这么小的岛屿似乎不可

10、能Itmightseemtherewouldntbeenoughfood为这种庞然大物提供充足的食物来源tosupportsuchgiantsonthisrelativelysmallislanD.但冷血爬行动物只需要Butreptiles,beingcold-blooded,肉食性哺乳动物十分之一的食物量needonlyaboutatenthofthefoodacarnivorousmammalwoulD.巨蜥一餐可以支撑一个月Asinglemealwilllastadragonamonth.他们的生存之道如此成功Theyaresosuccessful以至于唯一的天敌thattheironl

11、yseriouscompetitioncomesfrom就是他们的同类othersoftheirownkinD.而这座岛上有约两千只巨蜥Andtherearesome,ofthemhere.然而这只巨蜥Thisgiant,however,并不是在寻找食物isntlookingforfood-他在寻找配偶heslookingforamate.雌性巨蜥一年发一次情Femaledragonscomeintoseasononlyonceayear.这一只并不排斥Shesreceptive.目前为止一切顺利Sofar,sogooD.但他误入别人的领地Buthesstrayedintosomeoneels

12、espatch.另一只雄性巨蜥认为它才是这里的王Anotherhugemalethinksheisthekinghere.岛屿上空间有限Spacebeinglimitedonislands,巨蜥的地盘时常重叠dragonterritoriesoverlap导致冲突不断andthatcreatescontinualconflict.在巨蜥族群里体型决定一切Indragonsociety,sizeiseverything.但如果双方体型相当Butifrivalsarecloselymatched,鹿死谁手就难以预料theoutcomecanbeuncertain.强壮的尾巴一击如同重锤Muscul

13、artailsstrikewiththepowerofsledgehammers.锯齿形状的牙齿像牛排刀一样锋利Andtheirserratedteethareassharpassteakknives.他们都想要掀翻对手Eachtriestotopplehisopponent.胜者出现DefeateD.只有最强壮的巨蜥Onlythemostpowerfuldragons才有权交配wintherighttomate.岛屿上有限的食物和空间Thelimitedfoodandspaceonsmallislands时常激起激烈的竞争canoftenleadtointensecompetition.但有

14、些岛屿却幅员辽阔Butsomeislandsareimmense.更像是一块小型大陆Morelikeminiaturecontinents.这为不同生命的进化与试验Andtheseprovideopportunitiesforlife提供了机会toexperimentandevolve.马达加斯加是地球上最大的岛屿之一Madagascarisoneofthebiggestislands也是最古老的岛屿之一andalsooneoftheoldest,它在一亿两千万年前就已经脱离非洲大陆havingsplitawayfromAfricaovermillionyearsago.随着时间流逝与地理隔断

15、的出现Withtimeandisolation,岛上的动物们不断适应itsanimalshaveadapted充分利用一切可用资源totakeadvantageofeveryavailableniche.这座岛上现存约二十五万不同的物种Theislandnowhassome,differentspecies,大部分都是该地区特有种mostfoundnowhereelseonEarth.这些不是猴子而是狐猴Thesearenotmonkeys,butlemurs.他们从同一个祖先Fromasingleancestor,进化出一百个不同的种aboutdifferenttypeshaveevolve

16、D.体型最大的马达加斯加大狐猴极少下树Thelargest,theindri,seldomcomesdownfromthebranches.体型小许多的环尾狐猴Themuchsmallerringtails成群结队地扫荡森林地面wanderintroopsacrosstheforestfloor寻找食物searchingforfooD.极小的驯狐猴只吃竹子Andtinybamboolemurseatnothingexceptbamboo.因为竞争者极少Withfewcompetitors,lemurshavebeenfreetocolonise狐猴能够在整片岛屿上生活almosteveryen

17、vironmentontheislanD.甚至是环境极其恶劣的地方Eventhemostextreme.这只幼小的冕狐猴成长之路十分艰辛Thisbabysifakahasahardlifeaheadofit.他出生在马达加斯加广阔土地上Hesbeenborninthemostaridandhostilecorner最贫瘠干旱的地方ofMadagascarsvastlandscape.他还需要学习很多东西才能在这存活下去Ifheistosurvivehere,hehasmuchtolearn.刺森林的环境类似沙漠Thespinyforestislikeadesert.由于很少下雨水和食物都很难获

18、取Itrarelyrains,sowaterandfoodisveryhardtofinD.在树间跳跃穿梭十分危险Movingfromtreetotreeisaperilousbusiness.这里几乎所有的植物表面都布满尖刺Here,nearlyalltheplantsarecoveredwithferociousspines.幼崽的妈妈在树顶寻找鲜嫩的叶子Hismothersearchesthetreetopsfortheyoungestleaves.嫩叶提供了这个家庭唯一的食物和水Theyprovidetheonlyfoodandwatertosustainthefamily.小狐猴三个

19、月大时便开始探索世界Atthreemonthsold,theyoungsterisstartingtoexplore.很快他将不得不自己上树寻找食物了Alltoosoonhewillhavetofendforhimselfuphere.但总归还是待在妈妈的背上最轻松Butitsaltogethereasiertostayonmothersback.如果他能掌握这片森林中特有的生存方法Ifhecanmasterthestrangewaysofthisforest.就能在马达加斯加岛上谋得一席之地hewillhavealittlecornerofMadagascartohimself.岛屿生态迫使

20、动物另辟蹊径Islandlifeencouragesanimalstodothingsdifferently.在某些岛上这是必备的生存技能Andonsomeislandsthatisessential.由于火山运动Thereareislandsstillformingtoday.现在仍有岛屿不断形成builtbyvolcanoes.有些火山喷发剧烈Someeruptexplosively.有些则熔化岩石Otherspouroutriversofmoltenrock.化作岩浆LavA.在近五十年内Inthelastyears,已经形成了十个新的火山岛tennewvolcanicislandsha

21、vebeenformeD.由于形成时间晚又常十分偏远Newlycreatedandoftenremote,鲜少有生命踏足theyrehardforcoloniststoreach.即使有环境也极其难以生存Eventhosethatdofindthesearetoughplacestosurvive.这是费尔南迪纳岛ThisisFernandina,太平洋加拉帕戈斯群岛的一部分oneoftheGalapagosIslandsinthePacifiC.这座年轻的活火山岛屿一片荒凉Youngandstillvolcanicallyactive,itsadesolateplace.然而环岛的海中却孕育

22、着丰富的生命Thesurroundingsea,however,isparticularlyrichwithlife.而这两个不同世界的交界处Andthefrontierbetweenthesetwoverydifferentworlds生活着最奇异的爬行动物isthehomeofoneofthestrangestofreptiles.海鬣蜥Seagoingiguanas.它们是素食者Theyarevegetarians,但由于岛上没有能吃的食物butsincethereslittlefoodforthemontheland,所以海鬣蜥以海底的植物为食marineiguanasgrazeont

23、heseafloor.这种体型的雄性海鬣蜥可潜到水下三十米Abigmalelikethisonecandivetometres屏住呼吸长达半小时andholdhisbreathforhalfanhour.仅在费尔南迪纳岛上Therearemorethan,individuals就有超过七千只海鬣蜥onFernandinaalone.它们往返近海获取食物养活自己Andbybringingnutrientsfromtheseatotheland,同时还帮助了其它动物在此生存theiguanashelpotheranimalstosurvivehere,too.红石蟹以海鬣蜥背上的死皮为食Crabs

24、feedondeadskinontheiguanasback反过来也热情地为它们提供去角质服务and,inturn,provideawelcomeexfoliationservice.小型蜥蜴还捕食纠缠海鬣蜥的苍蝇Whilesmallerlizardspreyonthefliesthatpesterthecolony.但岛上的生存关系并不是都如此和谐Butnotalltherelationshipsonthisislandaresoharmonious.海鬣蜥将蛋下在沙子里MarineiguanaslaytheireggsinsanD.每到六月刚破壳的小鬣蜥异常脆弱InJune,whenthe

25、hatchlingsemerge,theyarevulnerable.它们必须到海边与成年海鬣蜥汇合TheymustjointheadultsattheedgeoftheseA.但这将是一次危险的旅程Butthejourneywillbeadangerousone.游蛇Racersnakes.游蛇错失了这次机会Thesnakesmisstheirchance.但还有更多的小鬣蜥将孵化而出Butmorebabiesarehatching.这些游蛇正虎视眈眈Andnowthesnakesareonthealert.这是它们一年里最佳的捕食时机Thisisthebestfeedingopportun

26、itytheywillgetallyear.小鬣蜥在平地上跑得比游蛇快Onflatground,ababyiguanacanoutrunaracersnake.但周围还有其他蛇在埋伏Butothersarewaitinginambush.另一只刚孵化的小鬣蜥Anotherhatchlinghas第一次见识了这个危险的世界itsfirstglimpseofadangerousworlD.蛇的视力并不是很好Asnakeseyesarentverygood,但它们可以感知到移动物体buttheycandetectmovement.所以如果这只小鬣蜥能保持冷静Soifthehatchlingkeeps

27、itsnerve,也许能逃出它们的视线itmayjustavoiddetection.近乎奇迹地逃出生天Anearmiraculousescape.有幸活下来的小鬣蜥可以开始学习Theluckysurvivorscanbeginlearningtheuniquewayoflife应对这座危险岛屿的独特方式了demandedbythishostileislanD.尽管海鬣蜥是游泳的行家Althoughmarineiguanasareexpertswimmers,它们也无法横渡广阔的大海theycantcrossopenoceans.但再汹涌的海水都无法阻挡鸟类Buteventhestormiestwatersarenobarrierforbirds.阵阵烈风加之低温Galeforcewindsandcoldtemperaturesmakethe让新西兰亚南极地区的这座岛屿sub-AntarcticislandsoffNewZealand在冬天变得尤其不友好particularlyunwelcominginwinter.但当短暂的夏日来临时But,whenthebriefsummercomes,这里将变得风和日丽temperaturesriseandwindsslacken.