专业英语八级真题1998年+附答案详解.docx

1、专业英语八级真题1998年+附答案详解专业英语八级真题1998年+附答案详解TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (1998)GRADE EIGHTPAPER ONE PART LISTENING COMPREHENSION (40 MIN. ) In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything once only. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. SECTION A TALK Questions 1 to 5 refer to the talk in

2、 this section. At the end of the talk you will be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the talk. 1. According to the talk, compulsive gambling and alcoholic addiction share similarities because A. no actual figure of addicts has been reported. B. no scientif

3、ic studies have yielded effective solutions. C. both affect all sectors of society. D. both cause serious mental health problems. 2. The development of the gambling compulsion can be described as being A. gradual. B. slow. C. periodic. D. radical. A. national economy. B. adult population. C. young c

4、hildren. D. national currency. 12. The WFP is appealing to donor nations to A. double last years food-aid. B. raise $ 122 million for Iraqi people. C. provide each Iraqi family with $ 26 a month. D. help Iraqs 12 million population. Question 13 is based on the following news. At the end of the news

5、item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news. 13. As a result of the agreement, the two countries arsenals are to be A. upgraded in reliability and safety. B. reduced in size and number. C. dismantled partly later this year. D. maintained in their present conditi

6、ons. Questions 14 and 15 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 30 seconds to answer the two questions. Now listen to the news. 14. We can infer from the news that _ of teenagers under survey in 1993 were drug users. A. 28% B. 22% C. 25% D. 21% 15. Which of t

7、he following statements is INCORRECT? A. Parents are asked to join in the anti-drug efforts. B. The use of both cocaine and LSD are on the increase. C. Teenagers hold a different view of drugs today. D. Marijuana is as powerful as it used to be. SECTION D NOTE-TAKING AND GAP-FILLING In this section

8、you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture once only. While listening to the lecture, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a 15-minute gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET after the mini-lecture. Use the blank paper for note-t

9、aking.ANSWER SHEETThe Rise of RP Historical reasons Received pronunciation was originally associated with a (1) spoken in the region between central England and London, including Oxford and Cambridge. Its survival was due to its use by the (2) in the 14th century and by university students in the (3

10、) Ages. Its rise in importance resulted from its application in government and official documents. The prestige of its (4) pattern of pronunciation came about with its use in (5) schools in the 19th century. As a result, its (6) is accepted by television and the radio, the professions and teaching E

11、nglish as a foreign language. Three characteristics of RP 1)its speakers dont regard themselves as connected with any geographical region; 2) RP is largely used in England; 3) RP is a class accent, associated with (7) social classes. Its present status Decline in the prestige of RP is the result of

12、a) loss of monopoly of education by the privileged; b) (8) of high education in the post-war period. However, it still retains its eminence among certain professional people. There is a rise in the status of all (9) accents. We are moving towards the (10) position: general acceptance of all regional

13、 accents and absence of a class accent that transcends all regions. PART PROOFREADING AND ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN. ) Proofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET as instructed.The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of one error. In each case, only one word is involve

14、d. You should proofread the passage and correct it. When a human infant is born into any community in any part of theworld it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them (1) _ have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and (2) _most obviously, new bor

15、n children are completely helpless. Apart from apowerful capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there (3) _is nothing the new born child can do to ensure his own survival. Withoutcare from some other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, orhuman group, a child is

16、 very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of humaninfants is in marked contrast with the capacity of many new born animals toget on their feet within minutes of birth and run with herd within a few (4) _hours. Although young animals are certainly in risk ,sometimes for weeks (5) _or even months a

17、fter birth, compared with the human infant they very quicklygrow the capacity to fend for them. (6) _ It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totallydependent on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares (7) _with all other undamaged human infants, a capac

18、ity to learn language. Forthis reason, biologists now suggest that language be species specific to the (8) _human race, that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic (9) _programmed in such way that it can acquire language. (10) _ This suggestion implies that just as human beings are

19、designed to seethree-dimentionally and in colour, and just as they are designed to standupright rather than to move on all fours, so they are designed to learn anduse language as part of their normal developments as well-formedhuman beings. PART READING COMPREHENSION (40 MIN. ) SECTION A READING COM

20、PREHENSION (30 MIN. ) In this section there are five reading passages followed by a total of fifteen multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then answer the questions. TEXT AOn Society1 Low self-esteem pops up regularly in academic reports as an explanation for all sorts of violence, from h

21、ate crimes and street crimes to terrorism. But despite the popularity of the explanation, not much evidence backs it up. In a recent issue of Psychological Review, three researchers examine this literature at length and conclude that a much stronger link connects high self-esteem to violence. It is

22、difficult to maintain belief in the low self-esteem view after seeing that the more violent groups are generally the ones with higher self-esteem, write Roy Baumeister of Case Western Reserve University and Laura Smart and Joseph Boden of the University of Virginia.2 The conventional view is that pe

23、ople without self-esteem try to gain it by hurting others. The researchers find that violence is much more often the work of people with unrealistically high self-esteem attacking others who challenge their self-image. Under this umbrella come bullies, rapists, racists, psychopaths and members of st

24、reet gangs and organized crime.3 The study concludes, Certain forms of high self-esteem seem to increase ones proneness to violence. An uncritical endorsement of the cultural value of self-esteem may therefore be counterproductive and even dangerous. The societal pursuit of high self- esteem for eve

25、ryone may literally end up doing considerable harm. 4 As for prison programs intended to make violent convicts feel better about themselves, perhaps it would be better to try instilling modesty and humility, the researchers write.5 In an interview with the Boston Globe, Baumeister said he believes t

26、he self- promoting establishment is starting to crumble. What would work better for the country is to forget about self-esteem and concentrate on self-control, he said.6 In the schools, this would mean turning away from psychic boosterism and emphasizing self-esteem as a by-product of real achieveme

27、nt, not as an end in itself. The self-esteem movement, still entrenched in schools of education, is deeply implicated in the dumbing down of our schools, and in the spurious equality behind the idea that it is a terrible psychic blow if one student does any better or any worse than another. Lets hop

28、e it is indeed crumbling. 16. The researchers find that there are stronger connections between A. low self-esteem and violence. B. low self-cotrol and violence. C. high self-image and violence. D. high self-control and violence. 17. The researchers would most probably agree with the following EXCEPT

29、 A. self-esteem should be promoted and encouraged. B. schools should change their concept of self-esteem. C. the traditional view is beginning to lose ground. D. prisons should change their present practice. TEXT B1 Social change is more likely to occur in heterogeneous societies than in homogeneous

30、 ones, simply because there are more diverse points of view available in the former. There are more ideas, more conflicts of interest, and more groups and organizations of different persuasions. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and tolerance in heterogeneous societies. All th

31、ese factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision rather than subjecting them to authority. In a quite homogeneous society, there are fewer occasions for people to perceive the need or the opportunity for change, because everything seems to be the same and, if not s

32、atisfactory, at least customary and undisputed.2 Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily (1) in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material, for example, in technology rather than in values; (2) in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; (3) in the less