全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及答案Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing 3_on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of 4_ the number on the scale, I altered my trai

2、ning program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to 5_ my goals.I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6_of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight 7_ altering your

3、 training program. The most 8_changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost.For these 9_, I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10_. Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for me to 11_my weight each week. Weighing every

4、 other week allows me to observe and 12_ any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to 13_ my training program.I use my bimonthly weigh-in 14_to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but Im constantly 15_and dropping weight, this is

5、a 16_that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.The 17_ to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. I am experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a 18_ morning weigh-in. Ive also experienced greater s

6、uccess in achieving my specific fitness goals, 19_ Im training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale.Rather than 20_over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel, how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.1. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However 2. A. helps

7、B. cares C. warns D. reduces 3. A. initially B. solely C. occasionally D. formally 4. A. recording B.lowering C. explaining D. accepting 5. A. modify B. set C. review D. reach 6. A. definition B.depiction C. distribution D. prediction 7. A. due to B.regardless of C. aside from D. along with 8. A. or

8、derly B.rigid C. precise D.immediate 9. A. claims B.judgments C. reasons D. methods 10. A. instead B.though C. again D. indeed 11. A. report B.track C. overlook D. conceal 12. A. depend on B.approve of C. hold onto D. account for 13. A. prepare B. share C. adjust D. confirm 14. A. results B.features

9、 C. rules D. tests 15. A. bored B. anxious C. hungry D. sick 16. A. principle B.secret C. belief D. sign 17. A. request B.necessity C. decision D. wish 18. A. disappointing B.surprising C.restricting D. consuming 19. A. if B.because C. unless D. until 20. A. obsessing B.dominating C. puzzling D. tri

10、umphing Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ARead the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.（40 points）Text 1Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjun

11、ction with a childs growing grasp of social and moral norms. Children arent born knowing how to say “Im sorry”; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friendsand their own consciences. This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount,

12、 to be a good thing.In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap. It is deeply uncomfortableits the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. Yet this understanding is outdated. “There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what r

13、ole guilt can serve,” says Amrisha Vaish, a psychology researcher at the University of Virginia, adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions arent binaryfeelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another. Jealousy and anger, for example, may have ev

14、olved to alert us to important inequalities. Too much happiness can be destructive.And guilt, by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans to make up for errors and fix relationships. Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together. It is a kind o

15、f social glue.Viewed in this light, guilt is an opportunity. Work by Tina Malti, a psychology professor at the University of Toronto, suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency. In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pa

16、thways to cooperation and sharing. Some kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experiencing more guilt, which can rein in their nastier impulses. And vice versa: High sympathy can substitute for low guilt.In a 2014 study, for example, Malti looked at 244 children. Using careg

17、iver assessments and the childrens self-observations, she rated each childs overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. Then the kids were handed chocolate coins, and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child. For the low-sympathy k

18、ids, how much they shared appeared to turn on how inclined they were to feel guilty. The guilt-prone ones shared more, even though they hadnt magically become more sympathetic to the other childs deprivation.“Thats good news,” Malti says. “We can be prosocial because we caused harm and we feel regre

19、t.”21.Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may help_. A. foster a childs moral development B. regulate a childs basic emotions C. improve a childs intellectual ability D. intensify a childs positive feelings22.According to paragraph 2, many people still consider guilt to be_.

20、A. inexcusable B. deceptive C. addictive D. burdensome 23. Vaish holds that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness that_. A. emotions are context-independent B. an emotion can play opposing roles C. emotions are socially constructive D. emotional stability can benefit health24. Malti and

21、 others have shown that cooperation and sharing _. A. may be the outcome of impulsive acts B. may help correct emotional deficiencies C. can bring about emotional satisfaction D. can result from either sympathy or guilt25. The word “transgressions” （Line 4, Para.5） is closest in meaning to _. A. tea

22、chings B. wrongdoings C. discussions D. restrictionsText 2Forests give us shade, quiet and one of the harder challenges in the fight against climate change. Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the carbon dioxide we produce, we are threatening their ability to do so. The cli

23、mate change we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than they absorb.Thankfully, there is a way out of this trap - but it involves striking a subtle balance. Helping forests flourish as valuable carbon sinks long into the future may require reducing their capacity

24、to absorb carbon now. California is leading the way, as it does on so many climate efforts, in figuring out the details.The states proposed Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts to thin out young trees and clear brush in parts of the forest. This temporarily lowers carbon-carrying capacity. But

25、the remaining trees draw a greater share of the available moisture, so they grow and thrive, restoring the forests capacity to pull carbon from the air. Healthy trees are also better able to fend off insects. The landscape is rendered less easily burnable. Even in the event of a fire, fewer trees ar

26、e consumed.The need for such planning is increasingly urgent. Already, since 2010, drought and insects have killed over 100 million trees in California, most of them in 2016 alone, and wildfires have burned hundreds of thousands of acres.California plans to treat 35,000 acres of forest a year by 202

27、0, and 60,000 by 2030 - financed from the proceeds of the states emissions-permit auctions. Thats only a small share of the total acreage that could benefit, about half a million acres in all, so it will be vital to prioritize areas at greatest risk of fire or drought.The strategy also aims to ensur

28、e that carbon in woody material removed from the forests is locked away in the form of solid lumber or burned as biofuel in vehicles that would otherwise run on fossil fuels. New research on transportation biofuels is already under way.State governments are well accustomed to managing forests, but t

29、raditionally theyve focused on wildlife, watersheds and opportunities for recreation. Only recently have they come to see the vital part forests will have to play in storing carbon. Californias plan, which is expected to be finalized by the governor early next year, should serve as a model.26. By sa

30、ying “one of the harder challenges,” the author implies that_. A. global climate change may get out of controlB. forests may become a potential threatC. people may misunderstand global warming D. extreme weather conditions may arise27. To maintain forests as valuable “carbon sinks,” we may need to _. A. preserve the diversity of species in themB. lower their present carbon-absorbing capacityC.