全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及答案Word文档下载推荐.docx

全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及答案Word文档下载推荐.docx

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Asforme,weighingmyselfeverydaycausedmetoshiftmyfocusfrombeinggenerallyhealthyandphysicallyactivetofocusing3____onthescale.Thatwasbadtomyoverallfitnessgoals.Ihadgainedweightintheformofmusclemass,butthinkingonlyof4_____thenumberonthescale,Ialteredmytrainingprogram.ThatconflictedwithhowIneededtotrainto5____mygoals.

Ialsofoundthatweighingmyselfdailydidnotprovideanaccurate6_____ofthehardworkandprogressIwasmakinginthegym.Ittakesaboutthreeweekstoamonthtonoticeanysignificantchangesinyourweight7____alteringyourtrainingprogram.Themost8______changeswillbeobservedinskilllevel,strengthandincheslost.

Forthese9_____,Istoppedweighingmyselfeverydayandswitchedtoabimonthlyweighingschedule10_____.Sinceweightlossisnotmygoal,itislessimportantformeto11______myweighteachweek.Weighingeveryotherweekallowsmetoobserveand12_____anysignificantweightchanges.ThattellsmewhetherIneedto13_____mytrainingprogram.

Iusemybimonthlyweigh-in14_____togetinformationaboutmynutritionaswell.Ifmytrainingintensityremainsthesame,butI’mconstantly15_____anddroppingweight,thisisa16_____thatIneedtoincreasemydailycaloricintake.

The17_____tostopweighingmyselfeverydayhasdonewondersformyoverallhealth,fitnessandwell-being.IamexperiencingincreasedzealforworkingoutsinceInolongercarrytheburdenofa18_____morningweigh-in.I’vealsoexperiencedgreatersuccessinachievingmyspecificfitnessgoals,19_____I’mtrainingaccordingtothosegoals,notthenumbersonascale.

Ratherthan20_____overthescale,turnyourfocustohowyoulook,feel,howyourclothesfitandyouroverallenergylevel.

1.[A].Besides[B].Therefore[C].Otherwise[D].However

2.[A].helps[B].cares[C].warns[D].reduces

3.[A].initially[B].solely[C].occasionally[D].formally

4.[A].recording[B].lowering[C].explaining[D].accepting

5.[A].modify[B].set[C].review[D].reach

6.[A].definition[B].depiction[C].distribution[D].prediction

7.[A].dueto[B].regardlessof[C].asidefrom[D].alongwith

8.[A].orderly[B].rigid[C].precise[D].immediate

9.[A].claims[B].judgments[C].reasons[D].methods

10.[A].instead[B].though[C].again[D].indeed

11.[A].report[B].track[C].overlook[D].conceal

12.[A].dependon[B].approveof[C].holdonto[D].accountfor

13.[A].prepare[B].share[C].adjust[D].confirm

14.[A].results[B].features[C].rules[D].tests

15.[A].bored[B].anxious[C].hungry[D].sick

16.[A].principle[B].secret[C].belief[D].sign

17.[A].request[B].necessity[C].decision[D].wish

18.[A].disappointing[B].surprising[C].restricting[D].consuming

19.[A].if[B].because[C].unless[D].until

20.[A].obsessing[B].dominating[C].puzzling[D].triumphing

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）

Text1

Unlikeso-calledbasicemotionssuchassadness,fear,andanger,guiltemergesalittlelater,inconjunctionwithachild’sgrowinggraspofsocialandmoralnorms.Childrenaren’tbornknowinghowtosay“I’msorry”;

rather,theylearnovertimethatsuchstatementsappeaseparentsandfriends—andtheirownconsciences.Thisiswhyresearchersgenerallyregardso-calledmoralguilt,intherightamount,tobeagoodthing.

Inthepopularimagination,ofcourse,guiltstillgetsabadrap.Itisdeeplyuncomfortable—it’stheemotionalequivalentofwearingajacketweightedwithstones.Yetthisunderstandingisoutdated.“Therehasbeenakindofrevivalorarethinkingaboutwhatguiltisandwhatroleguiltcanserve,”saysAmrishaVaish,apsychologyresearcherattheUniversityofVirginia,addingthatthisrevivalispartofalargerrecognitionthatemotionsaren’tbinary—feelingsthatmaybeadvantageousinonecontextmaybeharmfulinanother.Jealousyandanger,forexample,mayhaveevolvedtoalertustoimportantinequalities.Toomuchhappinesscanbedestructive.

Andguilt,bypromptingustothinkmoredeeplyaboutourgoodness,canencouragehumanstomakeupforerrorsandfixrelationships.Guilt,inotherwords,canhelpholdacooperativespeciestogether.Itisakindofsocialglue.

Viewedinthislight,guiltisanopportunity.WorkbyTinaMalti,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofToronto,suggeststhatguiltmaycompensateforanemotionaldeficiency.Inanumberofstudies,Maltiandothershaveshownthatguiltandsympathymayrepresentdifferentpathwaystocooperationandsharing.Somekidswhoarelowinsympathymaymakeupforthatshortfallbyexperiencingmoreguilt,whichcanreinintheirnastierimpulses.Andviceversa:

Highsympathycansubstituteforlowguilt.

Ina2014study,forexample,Maltilookedat244children.Usingcaregiverassessmentsandthechildren’sself-observations,sheratedeachchild’soverallsympathylevelandhisorhertendencytofeelnegativeemotionsaftermoraltransgressions.Thenthekidswerehandedchocolatecoins,andgivenachancetosharethemwithananonymouschild.Forthelow-sympathykids,howmuchtheysharedappearedtoturnonhowinclinedtheyweretofeelguilty.Theguilt-proneonessharedmore,eventhoughtheyhadn’tmagicallybecomemoresympathetictotheotherchild’sdeprivation.

“That’sgoodnews,”Maltisays.“Wecanbeprosocialbecausewecausedharmandwefeelregret.”

21.Researchersthinkthatguiltcanbeagoodthingbecauseitmayhelp______.

A.fosterachild’smoraldevelopment

B.regulateachild'

sbasicemotions

C.improveachild'

sintellectualability

D.intensifyachild'

spositivefeelings

22.Accordingtoparagraph2,manypeoplestillconsiderguilttobe______.

A.inexcusable

B.deceptive

C.addictive

D.burdensome

23.Vaishholdsthattherethinkingaboutguiltcomesfromanawarenessthat______.

A.emotionsarecontext-independent

B.anemotioncanplayopposingroles

C.emotionsaresociallyconstructive

D.emotionalstabilitycanbenefithealth

24.Maltiandothershaveshownthatcooperationandsharing_______.

A.maybetheoutcomeofimpulsiveacts

B.mayhelpcorrectemotionaldeficiencies

C.canbringaboutemotionalsatisfaction

D.canresultfromeithersympathyorguilt

25.Theword“transgressions”（Line4,Para.5）isclosestinmeaningto_______.

A.teachings

B.wrongdoings

C.discussions

D.restrictions

Text2

Forestsgiveusshade,quietandoneoftheharderchallengesinthefightagainstclimatechange.Evenaswehumanscountonforeststosoakupagoodshareofthecarbondioxideweproduce,wearethreateningtheirabilitytodoso.Theclimatechangewearehasteningcouldonedayleaveuswithforeststhatemitmorecarbonthantheyabsorb.

Thankfully,thereisawayoutofthistrap--butitinvolvesstrikingasubtlebalance.Helpingforestsflourishasvaluable"

carbonsinks"

longintothefuturemayrequirereducingtheircapacitytoabsorbcarbonnow.Californiaisleadingtheway,asitdoesonsomanyclimateefforts,infiguringoutthedetails.

Thestate’sproposedForestCarbonPlanaimstodoubleeffortstothinoutyoungtreesandclearbrushinpartsoftheforest.Thistemporarilylowerscarbon-carryingcapacity.Buttheremainingtreesdrawagreatershareoftheavailablemoisture,sotheygrowandthrive,restoringtheforest'

scapacitytopullcarbonfromtheair.Healthytreesarealsobetterabletofendoffinsects.Thelandscapeisrenderedlesseasilyburnable.Evenintheeventofafire,fewertreesareconsumed.

Theneedforsuchplanningisincreasinglyurgent.Already,since2010,droughtandinsectshavekilledover100milliontreesinCalifornia,mostofthemin2016alone,andwildfireshaveburnedhundredsofthousandsofacres.

Californiaplanstotreat35,000acresofforestayearby2020,and60,000by2030--financedfromtheproceedsofthestate'

semissions-permitauctions.That'

sonlyasmallshareofthetotalacreagethatcouldbenefit,abouthalfamillionacresinall,soitwillbevitaltoprioritizeareasatgreatestriskoffireordrought.

Thestrategyalsoaimstoensurethatcarboninwoodymaterialremovedfromtheforestsislockedawayintheformofsolidlumberorburnedasbiofuelinvehiclesthatwouldotherwiserunonfossilfuels.Newresearchontransportationbiofuelsisalreadyunderway.

Stategovernmentsarewellaccustomedtomanagingforests,buttraditionallythey’vefocusedonwildlife,watershedsandopportunitiesforrecreation.Onlyrecentlyhavetheycometoseethevitalpartforestswillhavetoplayinstoringcarbon.California’splan,whichisexpectedtobefinalizedbythegovernorearlynextyear,shouldserveasamodel.

26.Bysaying“oneoftheharderchallenges,”theauthorimpliesthat____.

A.globalclimatechangemaygetoutofcontrol

B.forestsmaybecomeapotentialthreat

C.peoplemaymisunderstandglobalwarming

D.extremeweatherconditionsmayarise

27.Tomaintainforestsasvaluable“carbonsinks,”wemayneedto____.

A.preservethediversityofspeciesinthem

B.lowertheirpresentcarbon-absorbingcapacity

C.