1023梁if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句Word格式.docx

1、 如：If I had time, I would go for a walk.如果我有时间，我就会去散步。（事实上我现在没有时间） If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。（事实上我不是你）I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。（事实上没有人请我当电影演员）1. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. pretend +从句 假装 I prete

2、nded that I fell asleep. 2. be late for 迟到 如： I am late for work/ school/ class/ party.3. a few 与 a little 的区别，few 与 little 的区别 a few 一些 修饰可数名词 a little 一些 修饰不可数名词 两者表肯定意义He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 few 少数的 修饰可数名词 little 少数的修饰不可数名词 但两者表否定意义He has fe

3、w friends. 他没有几个朋友。 There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。4. still 仍然,还 用在be动词之后，行为动词之前 如： I am still a student.我仍然是个学生 I still love him.我仍然爱他。5. hundred, thousand , million, billion （十亿） 用法：1）.表示具体，确切的数。前面有数词或several 其后不能加 several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people几百/千/百万/十亿人 例如：The

4、re are 6 thousand students in our school.2）.表示泛指，笼统的数。其后要加s 并与of 连用， hundreds of trees 上百棵树。There are thousands of students in our school.6. what if + 从句 如果怎么办 ， 要是 又怎么样 如： What if she doesnt come? 要是她不来怎么办？ What if LiLei knows? 如果李雷知道了怎么办？7. add sth. to sth. 添加到 如： I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添

5、加到水里。8. 系动词与形容词连用 get nervous 变得紧张 feel shy 觉得害羞 look friendly 看起来友好9. in public 在公共场所 如:Dont smoke in public. 请不要在公共场所吸烟。10. energetic adj. 活力的 如：She is a energetic girl. 她是一个活力的女孩。 energy n. 活力 如：She has lots of energies. 她有活力。11. ask sb. to do 叫做某事 ask sb. not to do sth.叫不要做某事 tell sb. to do 告诉做某

6、事 tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉不要做某事Teacher asked me to clean the classroom. Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom.12. start doing = start to do. 开始做某事 如： He started speaking/ to speak. 他开始说话。13. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借来某物 如： I borrowed a book from Lily. 我从莉莉那里借来一本书。14.wait for sb.等某人 如：I am

7、wait for him. 我正在等他。15. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人 如： I introduced Lily to Anna. 我把莉莉介绍给安娜。16. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事 如： Lily invited me to go to her home for supper. 莉莉邀请我去她家吃晚饭。17. have dinner/ supper 吃晚饭have lunch/ breakfast 吃午餐、吃早餐18. plenty of 修饰不可数名词，也可以修饰可数名词 许多 如： They have plenty of fo

8、od/ apples. 他们有许多的食物/苹果。19. 给某人某物 give sth. to sb. 如： give an apple to me give sb. sth. give me an apple 给我一个苹果20. get along with sb. 与相处 如： Do you get along well with your friends? 你和你的朋友相处得好吗？21. would rather do sth. than do sth. 表示愿做某事而不愿做某事 如： I would rather walk than run. 22. whole 整个 a whole d

9、ay a whole night 23. in fact 事实上24. let sb. down 让某人失望 如： Dont let your mother down. 不要让你的妈妈失望。25. come up with sth. 提出 想出 如： He came up with a good idea. 他提出了一个好主意。 catch up with sb. 追上 赶上 如： Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉赶上了安娜。26. have experience doing 在做某事有经验 如： I have experience teaching Chinese.

10、我在教英语方面有经验。27. come out 出版，出来 如： The magazine comes out once a week. 这种杂志每周出版一次。28. by accident 偶然地，无意之中 如：Last week I cut my finger by accident. 上个星期我不小心割到自己的手指。 区别：on purpose29. hurry to do 匆忙 I hurry to call the police.30. offer sb. sth. 给某人提供某物31. in the slightest 根本，丝毫32. without permission 未经允

11、许 The school forbids any student going out without permission.学校禁止任何学生未经允许出去。33. running water 自来水练习用下列方框中的单词和短语的适当形式填空get along be fond ofpronouncepretend watchcome up withexercise used to bespeakbelong to1. We should learn how to _ the English words correctly from our teachers. 2. He know a little

12、 English, but few people can understand him if he uses _ English. 3. She finds _ English language movies frustrating because the people speak toofast. 4. There _ a bus-stop at the corner of the street five years ago. 5. Most of the boys in our class _ playing soccer, arent they?6. There are lots of

13、skirts on the chair. They cant _ the boy students. 7. Dont worry. Im _ well with my new classmates here. 8. Mom often wakes Kate who _ to be asleep. 9. He who is running down the street could be running for _. 10. Li Hong is a confident boy. He always _ good solutions to his friends problem.选择题:1. T

14、hey paid _ dollars for launching the rocket.A million of B millions of C a millions D two millions2. After the discussion, the students asked their teacher _ next.A which to do B what to do C how to do D what to do it3. Our English teacher always _ good solutions to our language problems.A comes up

15、with B gets on well with C comes along with D gets along with4. The little boy _ his seat to the old lady on the crowded bus.A offered B brought C lent D look5. He made the girl _ by reading her a story.A stop to cry B stop crying C to stop to cry D to stop crying6. You must _ my permission if you w

16、ant to leave early.A ask B ask for C ask about D reply to 7. If a friend _ you a cigarettes at a party, what will you do?Aaffords B provides C offers D brings 8. The famous magazine Duzhe _ twice a month.A comes up B comes on C comes out D comes in 9. Please give me some _ how to study English well.

17、Aadvices in B advices on C advice on D advice in四.动词的分类动词可以按照含义及它们在句中的作用分成四类，即行为动词（也称实义动词）、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。（一）行为动词（实义动词）行为动词是表示行为、动作或状态的词。它的词义完整，可以单独作谓语。I live in Beijing with my mother. live，住It has a round face. has，有注意：及物动词与不及物动词行为动词（即实义动词）按其是否需要宾语，可以分为及物动词和不及物动词。一、及物动词后面必须跟宾语，意思才完整，后可接一个或两个宾语（直接宾语

18、和间接宾语），也可以复合宾语（宾语补足语）例如：Give me some ink, please. （含间接宾语和直接宾语）He asked me to return his book tomorrow. （含复合宾语）二、不及物动词后面不能跟宾语，意思已完整。不及物动词有时可以加上副词或介词，构成短语动词，相当于一个及物动词。He works hard.（他工作努力。）Please look at the blackboard and listen to me.（请看黑板，听我说。例题：1. May I _ your dictionary? Sorry, I _ it at home. A.

19、 borrow, left B. lend, left C. lend, forgot D. borrow, forgot 2. How much did you _ on the dictionary? A. pay B. spend C. cost D. take3. Go along the street. The museum is just on your right. You cant _ it. A. make B. find D. miss D. fail 4. How long could I _ your dictionary? Only one day, please.

20、A. keep B. borrow C. lend D. get 一、延续性动词表示一个动作可以持续一段时间或更长时间。常见的有study, play, do, read, learn, drive, write, clean, slean, sleep, speak, talk, wait, fly, stay, write, sit, stand, lie, keep等。二、瞬间性动词表示一个动作发生在一瞬间，非常短暂。亦称终止性动词。常见的有begin, start, finish, go, come, leave, find, get up, arrive, reach, get to

21、, enter, hear, stop, open, close, become, buy, borrow, lend, happen, join, lose, renew, die, take away, put up, set out, put on, get on/off等。（二）连系动词连系动词是表示主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的词，它虽有词义，但不完整，所以不能单独作谓语，必须跟表语一起构成合成谓语，例如：We are in Grade Two this year. are 这个词的词义“是”在句子中常常不译出。连系动词可具体分为三类：1、表示“是”的动词be。这个词在不同的主语后面和

22、不同的时态中有不同的形式，is，am，are，was，were，have/has been等要特别予以注意。He is a teacher. He was a soldier two years ago.2、表示“感觉”的词，如look（看起来），feel（觉得，摸起来），smell（闻起来），sound（听起来），taste（尝起来）等，例如：She looked tired.（她看一去很疲劳。） I feel ill.（我觉得不舒服。Cotton feels soft.（棉花摸起来很软。The story sounds interesting.（这个故事听起来很有趣。The flowers

23、 smell sweet.（这些花闻起来很香。The mixture tasted horrible.（这药水太难喝了。3、表示“变”、“变成”的意思的词，如become, get, grow, turn, 都解释为“变”、“变得”，例如：She became a college student. He grew old.He feels sick. His face turns white.The weather gets warmer and the days get longer when spring comes. 难点解释注意区别以下一些动词的用法，它们既可以作为行为动词，又可以作为

24、连系动词。1、look看；看起来He is looking at the picture.（他正在看这图片。）行为动词It looks beautiful.（它看上去很美丽。）连系动词2、fell摸；感觉I felt someone touch my arm.（我感到有人碰我的手臂。Are you felling better today than before?（你今天比以前好些了吗？3、smell嗅；闻起来My little brother likes to smell the apple before he eats it.（我的小弟弟喜欢在吃苹果前闻一闻。Great! The flow

25、ers smell nice.（这些花闻起来多香啊！4、sound弄响，发音；听起来The letter “h” in hour is not sounded.（在hour中字母h是不发音的。The gun sounded much closer.（枪声听起来更近了。5、taste辨味；尝起来Please taste the soup.（请尝一口汤。The soup tastes terrible.（这汤尝起来味道太差了。6、get得到，获得；变There are some bananas on the table. Each of you can get one.（桌上有些香蕉，你们每个人可

26、以拿一个。7、grow生长，种植；Do you grow rice in your country?（你们的国家种水稻吗？Its too late. Its growing dark.（太迟了，天渐渐变暗了。8、turn转动，翻动，使变得；The earth turns around the sun.（地球绕着太阳转。When spring comes, the trees turn green and the flowers come out.（春天来了，树叶变经绿了，花儿开了。上述句子中的动词如grow、get、turn等，既可以作连系动词，又可以作行为动词。如何来辨别它们呢？有一个最简便

27、的方法，即用连系动词be替换句子中的这些动词，句子仍然成立就是连系动词；反之，不能替换的，就是行为动词。The trees turn/are green when spring comes.（春天来临，树叶变绿。The earth rurns around the sun.（地球绕着太阳转。这第二句句子中的turn是行为动词，意为“转动”。无法以is替换。1. The cake looks _, and it tastes even _. A. well, good B. nice, better C. good, worse D. better, best（三）助动词这类词本身无词义，不能单

28、独作谓语，只能与主要动词一起构成谓语，表示不同的时态、语态、表示句子的否定和疑问，例如：He does not speak English well.（他英语讲得不好。句中的does是助动词，既表示一般现在时，又与not一起构成否定形式。A dog is running after a cat.（一条狗正在追逐一只猫。句中的is 是助动词，和run的现在分词一起构成现在进行时。Did he have any milk and bread for his breakfast ?（他早餐喝牛奶、吃面包吗？句中的did是助动词，既表示一般过去时，又和动词have一起构成疑问。1. There _ a charity show this weekend. A. is B. has C. will be D. will have2. Nobody believes hes read 100 books so far. But in fact he _. You can see the news on the school website. A. does B. has C. is D. reads 综合练习写出下列动词的过去分词am/ is _ are _ become _ begin _ bring _ buy _ catch _ come _ do _ eat _ fe