英语语言学试题库Word格式.docx

1、4.The way in which people address each other depends on their age, sex, social group, and personal relationship. The English system of address forms frequently used includes first name, last name, title+ last name, （ ）and kin term. A title+ first name B title+ title C title alone D first name+ last

2、name+ titleC5.Features of the language in fictions are: （ ）A stress and metrical patterning B speech and thought presentation C prose style D analysis of the textBC6. Which of the following best states the behaviorist view of child language acquisition? A Language acquisition is a process of habit f

3、ormation B Language acquisition is the species-specific property of human beings C Children are born with an innate ability to acquire language D Humans are equipped with the neural prerequisites for language and language useA7.Words can be identified in terms of （ ）A a minimum free form B stability

4、C relative uninterruptibility D variable or notABC8.Which is not the features of language?A arbitrariness B dualityC creativity D replacementD9.Approachers to syntax can be:A the traditional approach B the structural approachC the functional approach D the generative approachABCD10.Predication analy

5、sis is a way to analyze（ ）meaning.A phoneme B word C phrase D sentence11.Lexical change cannot be a result of （ ）A phonological change B semantic changeC analogical change D orthographic changeC 12.The words that contain only one morpheme are called （ ）A bound morphemes B roots C free morphemes D af

6、fixes13.（ ） is the study of language in relation to the mind.A Psycholinguistics B Sociolinguistics C Linguistics D Semantics14.Which belongs to the main branches of linguistics?A phonetics B metalingy C morphology D syntax ACD15.Which doesnt belong to the main branches of linguistics?A phonetics B

7、morphology C metalingy D syntax 16.Voicing as a quality of speech sounds is caused by the vibration of （ ）A the velum B the vocal cords C the glottis D the uvula17.Sense of “word” contains:A a physically definable unit B the common factor underlying a set of formsC an essential former of sentences D

8、 a grammatical unitABD18.Different functional speech varieties known as are expected in, say, a church sermon, a diplomatic encounter, a family dinner, or a sports broadcast.A registers B styles C dialects D accents19.Which is not the features of language?20.We study psycholinguistics because （ ）A t

9、o know about psychological reality of linguistic structuresB to help the aphasicsC to produce findings which lead to the modification of theoretical ideasD to make it a new tool for studying psychologyAC.Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or

10、 F for false in the brackets（2%10=20%）.1.Realations between meanings of words can be synonymy, antonymy or hyponymy.（ ）T2.Both assimilation and alienation can happen during phonological processes.（ ）3.Phone is a phonological unit.（ ）F4.The division of English into Old English, Middle English, and Mo

11、dern English is nonconventional and not arbitrary.（ ）5.The first pragmatic theory is Conversational Implicature.（ ）6.Father of modern linguistics is Swiss F. de Saussure.（ ）7.In the history of any language the writing system always came into being before the spoken form.（ ）F 8.There is merely little

12、 difference between data retrieval and information retrieval.（ ）9.If a child is deprived of linguistic environment, he or she is unlikely to learn a language successfully later on.（ ）10. There is no difference between data retrieval and information retrieval.（ ）11.Language refers to the abstract inn

13、ate system, however, parole refers to the outcome or what we actually utter/write.（ ）12.There are some relations between language and culture, language and society, but they are not deserved to spend a lot of time studying.（ ）13.Language acquisition is a hot research topic today, and social, cultura

14、l, personal factors are also observed to be affecting.（ ）14.Linguistic forms having the same sense may have different references in different situations while linguistic forms with the same reference always have the same sense.（ ）15.Realations between meanings of words can be synonymy, antonymy or h

15、yponymy.（ ）16.A compound is the combination of two words.（ ）17. Both assimilation and alienation can happen during phonological processes.（ ）18.Synchronic describes language by analyzing its development through different period of time, while diachronic describes phenomenon of language of a certain

16、period.（ ）19.Language refers to the abstract innate system, however, parole refers to the outcome or what we actually utter/write.（ ）20.The meaning of a sentence is always the sum total of the words in that sentence.（ ）.Directions: Explain the following terms（3%5=15%）.1. displacement Displacement，as

17、 one of the design features of the human language，refers to the fact that one can talk about things that are not present，as easily as he does things presently.2.cultural transmission It means that language is not biologically transmitted from generation to generation，but that the details of the ling

18、uistic system must be learned anew by each speaker.3.categoryCategory, in some approaches refers to classes and functions in its narrow sense, more specifically, it refers to the defining properties of general units.4.arbitrariness One design feature of human language,which refers to the face that t

19、he forms of linguistic signs bear no natural relationship to their meaning.5.Vowl: Are sound segments produced without such obstruction,so no turbulence of a total stopping of the air can be perceived.6. lexicon: A list of all the words in a language assigned to various lexical categories and provid

20、ed with semantic interpretation.7. linguistics Linguistics is the scientific study of language, it studies not just one language of any one society，but the language of all human beings.8.word Word is a unit of expression that has universal intuitive recognition by native speakers, whether it is expr

21、essed in spoken or written form.Briefly answer the following questions1.Please list the 4 design features of languagearbitrariness duality creativity displacement2. Why do linguists say language is human specific? First of all，human language has six “design features” which animal communication syste

22、ms do not have，at least not in the true sense of them.Secondly，linguists have done a lot trying to teach animals such as chimpanzees to speak a human language but have achieved nothing inspiring.Thirdly，a human child reared among animals cannot speak a human language，not even when he is taken back a

23、nd taught to lo to so.3.What does phonology study？What is the difference between phonetics and phonology？ Phonology studies the rules governing the structure, distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables.Phonetics is the study of sounds that the human voice is capable of

24、creating whereas Phonology is the study of a subset of those sounds that constitute language and meaning. The first focuses on chaos while the second focuses on order.4.List the seven functions of human languages. Informative function Interpersonal function Performative function Metalingual function

25、 Phatic communion function Recreational functionEmotive function.Translation1.In linguistics, it refers to the study of the rules governing the way words are combined to form sentences in a language ,or simply, the study of the formation of sentences.在语言学上,它是指在一种语言中,对指导文字组合进而形成句子规则的研究,或简言之,是对句子构成的研究

26、.2.Computer is an electronic machine that can be used to manipulate data according to a series of instruction stored in its memory and which can perform complex tasks in a very short time.计算机是一种电子机器，它可以根据存放在内存里的一系列程序操控数据，并可以在非常短的时间内完成复杂的任务。3.Speech sounds had existed long before writing was invented

27、, and even today, in some parts of the world, there are still languages that have no writing systems.语音在书面写作发明以前便早已存在了，即使到了今天，世界上一些地方，仍然还只是存在语言而没有书写系统。4. The fact that over the years numerous dictionaries have been produced with a view to explaining the meaning of words also bears witness to its lon

28、g tradition.多年以来,无数的词典多次提出以期解释“word”含义的事实,也见证了其悠久的历史.5.Language is a product of human intelligence, created anew in each individual by operations that lie far beyond the reach of will or consciousness.语言是人类智慧的产物,通过运作被每个个体重新建构,而这种运作是远非意志或意识所及的.6.It is hard to define “word” in the scientific sense. Nevertheless, it is agreed that three