HighschoolWord下载.docx

1、 and is also informally known as Colegial or Segundo Grau. It is the last phase to basic education. Brazilian high school lasts 3 years, attempting to deepen what students learn in elementary school and junior high. A Brazilian high school student is referenced by their year - 1st, 2nd and 3rd years

2、.Unlike some countries, Brazilian students dont have a final test to conclude studies. Their approval depends only on their final grade on each subject. Each university elaborates its own test to select new students - this test, the vestibular, generally happens once a year. Enem, a non-mandatory na

3、tional exam, evaluates high school students in Brazil and is used to rank both private and public schools.The best scores in vestibular and in Enem and the best universities are concentrated on the Southern region of the country, mainly in the states of So Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Esprit

4、o Santo, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paran, and in the Federal District. The lack of funds and historical and social problems contribute to poor attendance from the students, especially those in public schools. Nevertheless, some are national models, such as the Colgio Pedro II, named afte

5、r the 19th century emperor.Private establishments, on the other hand, may be recognized as academically excellent or merely as investments in social networking. Schedules vary from school to school. The subjects taught, however, are conceived by the Ministrio da Educao （Ministry of Education） which

6、emphasises the hard sciences.The educational year begins in February and finishes in December; institutions are permitted to define their own actual start and end dates. They must, however, provide 200 days of classes.Universities are also divided into public and private. At this level, public ones

7、are considered excellent and their vestibular exam is very competitive （the exam for med school in UNICAMP may hit 300 candidates per place）. For better preparation, therefore, many students take a curso pr-vestibular （university prep. course）. The larger private high schools offer this course.Czech

8、 RepublicThe Czech school system is, due to historic reasons, almost same as The German school system. The school system is free and mandatory to age 16. After the Zkladn kola （Elementary School） in age of 16 , students are directed to three different optional secondary education schools:Stedn odbor

9、n uilit （SOU） - designed for students going into a trade （e.g., carpentry, masonry, auto-mechanic etc.） Education is 3 years long and entrance exam free, combined with practice（one week study in school/one week practice in factory, bakery,building site. etc.）, finished with a certificate. odborn kol

10、a （SO） - designed for students going into a profession （accountant, technician, kindergarten teacher.） and finishes with maturita as exit exam. The leaving exam consist of 2 compulsory and 2 optional subjects. Compulsory subjects are Czech language and World Literature and one other language. Option

11、al ones depend on the type of school （mathematics, physics, accounting, etc.） The study is 4 years long and you need to pass an entrance exam （Czech Language and Mathematics or Physics, varies with the type of school） Gymnasium （Gym） - designed for students going to university/college and finishes w

12、ith a maturita exam. Also with 2 mandatory subjects Czech language and World Literature and one other language. Optional subjects vary, usually between humanistic and science. The study is 4,6 or 8 years long. In case of 6 （8） years one, the pupils finish elementary school two （four） years earlier a

13、nd this two （four） years has harder studying programme on Gymnasium. There are also entry exams to all these programmes. The maturita is required for study in University. The Abitur from Gymnasium is better for Humanistic pointed University and SO Abitur is better for Technical pointed university.En

14、gland and WalesDespite originating the term high school, it is not used widely in England or Wales （some secondary schools call themselves high schools）.Secondary schools in the state sector in the UK generally cater for children between the ages of 11 and 16 or 18. Until 2009, education was compuls

15、ory only up until the age of 16, though many students continued to stay on at school until the age of 18. However, the Education and Skills Act 2008 dictates that children must now remain in secondary education until the age of 17, from 2013, moving to 18 from 2015. The first to be affected by the c

16、hanges will be those children turning 11 in 2009. Most secondary schools have their own sixth forms for years 12 and 13 （ages 16 to 18）, but in some areas students continue their education at a dedicated sixth form college. In the private sector pupils often transfer to the final stage of education

17、at age 13. In the UK school years run from September 1st to August 31st. The term high school is used specifically in some counties as follows:In Leicestershire, the label applies to a small group of middle schools, which accept pupils between the ages of 10 and 14, before moving on to their final s

18、tage of secondary education. In Liverpool and its surrounding area secondary schools are named high schools （eg Broadgreen High School） Most secondary schools in Manchester are named high schools （see list of secondary schools in Manchester） In Herefordshire, many state secondary schools name themse

19、lves high schools. In Kent and other English counties which still retain their grammar schools, their non-selective comprehensive schools are often called high schools. The Isle of Wight retains a three-tier schooling system. Its five state-run High Schools are so named to differentiate them from se

20、condary schools, which have a different age range. In Northumberland and some areas in Suffolk, Somerset and Staffordshire there still exists a three-tier education system comprising of First, Middle and High school. High Schools within Northumberland and Suffolk cater for pupils from Year 9 to Sixt

21、h Form （ages 13 to 18）. There is currently a fairly high-profile campaign within Northumberland to save the three-tier system as it has been proposed to abolish it and adopt the standard Primary and Secondary school system as in the rest of England. FinlandThe Finnish education system is a comparati

22、vely egalitarian Nordic system. This means for example no tuition fees for full-time students and free meals are served to pupils. There are private schools but they are made unattractive by legislation.The second level education is not compulsory, but an overwhelming majority attends. There is a ch

23、oice between upper secondary school （lukio, gymnasium in Swedish） and vocational school （ammatillinen oppilaitos, yrkesinstitut）.Upper secondary school, unlike vocational school, concludes with a nationally graded matriculation examination （ylioppilaskoe, studentexamen）. Passing the test is a de fac

24、to prerequisite for further education. The system is designed so that approximately the lowest scoring 5% fails in each exam and also 5% get the best grade. The exam allows for a limited degree of specialization in either natural sciences or social sciences. The graduation is an important and formal

25、 family event, like christening, wedding, and funeral.In the OECDs international assessment of student performance, PISA, Finland has consistently been among the highest scorers worldwide; in 2003, Finnish 15-year-olds came first in reading literacy, science, and mathematics; and second in problem s

26、olving, worldwide. The World Economic Forum ranks Finlands tertiary education #1 in the world.FranceIn France, school is compulsory from six to sixteen years old. From nursery school to higher education, families have the option of sending their children to free and coeducational public schools, or

27、to pay for private ones.The French school system If you choose a state-run school for your child, you must choose one in your neighborhood. The local city hall （mairie） will tell you what your options are.From the age of 2 or 3 children can attend the local kindergarten （maternelle）, which is state

28、run and administered by the local authorities.GermanyThe German school system is free and mandatory to age 18. After the Grundschule （Elementary School, 4 years）, students are suggested to three different secondary education schools, on which they have the final say about; a forth type is accompanying an apprenticeship students have to decide on if they havent reached the age of 18 （usually when having decided for Hauptschule or Realschule, previously）:Hauptschule - designed for students going into a trade （e.g., carpentry, masonry, etc.） and is finished