6A单元词汇句型归纳.docx

1、6A单元词汇句型归纳牛津版6AUnit1. Words and phrases1. family tree 家谱Family members家庭成员：1）表示和自己有直系血缘关系的： Father（父亲，爸爸）mother ( 母亲，妈妈) sister (姐姐，妹妹) brother (哥哥，弟弟)等 以上称谓对于我来说都是家人，即my family members2) 表示和自己有或无血缘关系得： Grandfather(祖父，外祖父) grandmother(祖母，外祖母)，grandson(孙子，外孙)granddaughter (孙女外孙女)，uncle(叔叔，舅舅)，aunt(姨父

2、，姑父 阿姨，姑妈，婶婶)，cousin(堂表兄，堂表第，堂表姐 堂表妹 )批注：注意让学生运用家庭成员之间的关系造句。2. able (adj.)能的ability (n.)能力；enable (v.)使.能够 拓展：be able to do sth有能力做某事 3. show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.给某人看某物 e.g. Please show me your ID card。 = Please show your ID card to me.请出示你的身份证。4. relative n. 亲戚 e.g. I have a lot of relatives

3、 in Nanjing. 我在南京有很多亲戚5. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事 e.g. He tells me something about the accident. 他告诉了我关于那场交通事故的一些事情。6. wash the dishes 洗盘子 e.g. Please wash the dishes after you finish your supper. 吃完晚饭请记得洗盘子。拓展：dish除了有盘子的意思还可以表示菜肴。7. else adv. 另外，其他的 e.g. What else do you want? 你还需要什么吗？ 拓展：else一

4、般放于特殊疑问词和不定代词（anything，somebody等）之后。Important Sentences structures1. This is . /These are.来介绍家人e. g. This is a photo of my family. 这是我的全家福。2. How many.have you got?你有多少.? how many 来询问数量，后接可数名词的复数形式e. g. How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有多少个兄弟姐妹？批注：注意how much 和how many 的区别。3. 职业问法1) What a

5、re you?2) What is your job?3) What do you do?4) What job do you do?4. look（连系动词）+ adj. “看起来” e.g. Jim looks happy today.拓展：其他联系动词还包括sound, taste, smell, feel等5. 频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, never等被称为频度副词，通常情况下常用于一般现在时态的句子中，表示经常发生的习惯性动作或自然现象或事实。always表示动作的重复频率最高，usually其次，sometimes再次，never

6、表示动作从未发生。alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldomnevere. g. I often tell him about school.我经常告诉他关于学校的事。I never show them my homework.我从未给他们看我的家庭作业。Unit2. Words and phrases1. friend (n.)朋友 He is my good friend.他是我的好朋友。拓展：friendly (adj.)友好的 be friendly to 对友好2. love (n.& v.)爱e.g. My parents love me. (v.) My

7、parents love is great. (n.)拓展：lovely (adj.)可爱的 She is a lovely girl.她是一个可爱的女孩3. helpful (adj.)乐于助人的；反义词：helpless (adj.)无助的拓展：help (v./n.)帮助help each other相互帮助help sb. with sth.帮助某人某事 help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事4. look after sb. = take care of sb.照顾某人look after sb. well = take good care of sb.好好照顾某人

8、5. find (v.)找到（不经意找到）注意区分：find out找到（经过努力找到）；look for寻找（不知道结果）6. something pron.某事；某物e. g. -Are you looking for me? 你在找我吗？-Yes, I have something to ask you.是的，我想问你点儿事。【友情提示】在英语中，如果需要用形容词修饰something、somebody和someone这些词时，形容词只能放在这些词后面，如something interesting 或somebody boring。 批注： 让学生学会在形容词修饰不定代词的时候要放在不定

9、代词的后面，如：something nice, something wrong.7. make friends with sb.与某人交朋友e. g. She is a nice girl. I want to make friends with her. 她是一个不错的姑娘，我想和她成为朋友。8. around (prep.)围绕，绕着拓展：round (prep./adj)围绕，绕着/圆的例如，They are sitting around the teacher. 他们坐在老师周围。The green ball is almost round.这个绿球几乎是圆的。9. be far aw

10、ay from远离(opp.)be near.在附近批注：注意让学生在具体句子中辨别。10. visit (v.)参观-visitor (n.)参观者11. lie (v.)躺 - (pt.) lay，-(pp.) lain - (pres p) lying批注：lay 本身还有产蛋的意思，注意让学生留心。12. forget v. (过去式forgot，过去分词forgotten，现在分词forgetting)忘记e. g. -Im sorry Ive forgotten your name.很抱歉，我忘了你的名字。-Im John. We met on the first day of s

11、chool.我叫约翰，我们在开学第一天见过面。批注：forget to do sth.与forget doing sth.前者表示忘记去做某事”，而后者表示“忘记做过某事”的意思。e. g. She forgot to post the letter.她忘记寄这封信了。Ill never forget meeting my school headmaster for the first time.我永远忘不了和我校长初次见面的情景。13. fish (n.)鱼肉UN鱼（各种种类）CN其复数为：fishes例如，Help yourself to some fish.Workers drive f

12、ish to the supermarket every morning.工人每天早上把鱼送到超市。There are different fishes in the sea.在海里有不同种类的鱼。14. start/finish work开始/结束工作例如，I start work at half past seven in the morning and finish work at eight oclock in the evening. start to do sth.=start doing sth.开始做某事finish doing sth.结束做某15. too much + n

13、.u太多的例如，too much timemuch too + adj.太例如，much too cold太冷了批注：注意区分too much 和 too many。16. arrive (vi.)到达拓展：arrive at(小地方) = get to = reacharrive at school到达学校arrive in(大地方) = get to = reach 例如：arrive in Shanghai到达上海注意：arrive home/get home到家arrival (n.)到达17. listen to听（强调听的动作）注意：hear听（强调听的结果）I listened

14、to the teacher carefully, but I couldnt hear anything. Important sentences1. have been to.和have been there的区别have been to后跟表示地点的名词，而have been there中there是表示地点的副词，后面不能再跟地点。例如，e. g. I have already been to Shanghai Museum.我已经去过上海博物馆。Orient Pearl TV Tower is one of the tallest towers in the world. I hav

15、e already been there.东方明珠电视塔是世界上最高的塔之一。我已经去过那里。 2. get there到达那里注意：home, here, there等地点副词前不加to，例如，arrive home到家，arrive at school到学校，come here到这里，come to my office到我办公室3. would (not) like to be/do表达愿望，表示（不）想做某事。（相当于want to be/do，是较为婉转的表示法.)I would缩写为Id；would not缩写为wouldnt，例如，e. g. I would like to hav

16、e coffee.我想要喝咖啡。I would like fish.我想要鱼。- Would you like to be a driver?你想成为一名司机吗？-Yes, I would./ No, I wouldnt.是的，我想。/不，我不想。注意：like用作动词时翻译为“喜欢”，其用法是 like to do sth. like doing sth. like sth.例如，He likes to draw. / He likes drawing.他喜欢画画。4. 表示顺序的数词称为序数词；在哪一栋楼和房间的门牌号用基数词，在哪一层楼用序数词，例如，room1002，on the se

17、cond floor注意： 一般在基数词后面加-th构成序数词，但有些词有特殊变化，例如，one first, two second, three third, five fifth, eight eighth, nine ninth, twelve twelfth20至90这样的整十数字变为序数词时，只需把词尾的字母y改为ie, 再加th即可，例如，twenty twentieth；在表达第几十几，第几百几时，只需将个位改为序数词即可，例如，twenty-two twenty-second 序数词总是和定冠词the连用。例如， the first lessonUnit 3. Words an

18、d words phrases1 . spend v. 度过 (spend - spent spent)e. g：They want to spend their summer holiday in the countryside. 他们想去乡下过暑假。【知识拓展】spend v. 花费（时间，金钱）批注：可扩展讲spend on sth, spend doing sth 2. lucky adj. 好运的；幸运的 e. g: a lucky dog 幸运儿【知识拓展】luck n. 运气 eg: Good luck! 祝你好运！批注：可给学生提下unlucky不幸，un-是否定前缀，并举例u

19、nhappy ,unlike, unfit, unfair, unusual等 3. activity n. 活动e. g: Our school offers a lot of interesting activities to us.【知识拓展】active adj. 活跃的；积极的 e. g: Mary is always active in the party4. collect v. 收集 collect shells/ stamps 收集贝壳/邮票【知识拓展】collection n. 收藏品,收集物 e. g: The collection of these stamps too

20、k ten years.批注：-tion是名词后缀，invitation, invention, information等5. plan v. 计划 plan to do sth 计划做某事 eg: I plan to go to see a movie tonight.【拓展】plan n. 计划；方案 eg: Whats your plan for the weekend? 你打算如何过周末？. Important Sentences structures1. Is Sandy Bay near or far away from Spring Bay?注意： 本句为选择疑问句，注意or的用

21、法 在near 后直接跟地点，而在用far away from时，地点前不能遗漏介词from. far away from 也可用far from 来表达。如： Sandy Bay is far from Spring Bay.2. 区别： havehas been to表示“曾到过某地”，现在人已回来； havehas gone to表示“已去某地”，目前人还没回来。 【比较】 He has been to the teachers office他去过老师办公室了。(目前人已经回来) He has gone to the teachers office他已去老师办公室了。(目前人还在老师办公

22、室)3. 我们用“amisare going to+动词原形”的结构表示“对将来的愿望、意图或计划”，或表示“可以预见即将发生的某事”。如： It is going to rain天就要下雨了。 They are going to visit their grandparents tomorrow他们打算明天去看望祖父母。 Im going to write a letter to my elder sister我想给姐姐写封信。4. How about .？ 怎么样？表示建议，提议How about + n / doing = What about.?5. 时间介词 on, in , at

23、on 具体某一天 on Tuesday morning on a cold morning on Sunday on 10 March 2008 in 年份，季节, 月份，上午下午晚上 in 1949 in spring / summer / autumn / winter in January / February / September in the morning / afternoon / evening at 某一点 at noon at night = in the evening at four oclock at weekends = at the weekend 6. a p

24、hoto of + 人称代词宾格 某人的照片a photo of + 名词性物主代词 属于某人的照片Unit4. Words1. secretary n 秘书【知识拓展】secret n 秘密 keep a secret 2. bank n 银行 【知识拓展】 banker 银行家a bank account 银行账户 a blood band 血库 a data bank 数字库批注：bank 还有河岸的意思: river bank e. g. Can you jump over to the opposite bank? My house is the south bank of the

25、river.3. policewoman n 女警察【知识拓展】复数：policewomen 【反义】policeman -Whats your mother? -She is a policewoman同类单词：fishman Frenchman(woman) Englishman(woman) 4. postman n 邮递员【近义】mailman【知识拓展】post v 邮递 邮寄 postal adj. 邮政的 the post station 邮电局5. fireman n 消防队员【近义】firefighter 【知识拓展】 firewood 木柴 firework 烟火 fire

26、proof wall 防火墙 firecracker 鞭炮 6. pilot n 飞行员 Why dont you like to be a pilot? 【知识拓展】v 驾驶 Uncle Tom piloted the ship through the Panama. 试用 School in this area are piloting the new maths course.批注：教师在讲完这个单词后，所以本单元表职业的单词基本讲完。那么老师可以和学生一起回顾尽可能多的表职业的单词。以便巩固。7. interview 面试nv 【知识拓展】interviewee 面试者 intervi

27、ewer 面试官【指点迷津】v 采访 面试 Mary is interviewing the Prime Minister of Britain . I dont want to interview the star.He is never kind to others. n 面试 面谈 Jackie is going to give an interview this Sunday. 批注：注意interview发元音8. make 使.，让.【知识拓展】make sb do sth make me do homework 让我做作业 make the city a safe place 使

28、这个城市成为安全的地方批注：类似的有let sb do sth had better do sth would you please do sth 等。教师也可以根据学生的程度拓展make的被动语态的知识点 sb be made to do sth 9. person【知识拓展】与people的其区别person 表示单数 people 表示复数我们常说的人们就用people来表达批注：名词中的复数为原形的单词有：sheep deer fish Chinese Japanese 永远为复数的单词有：police people the young the old 等10. finish 完成.

29、finished finished 【知识拓展】finish doing sth 完成某事例句：He finished doing homework ten minutes ago. 他十分钟之前就完成了作业。1.enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事2.like doing sth 喜欢做某事3.have fun doing sth 玩得开心4.practice doing sth 练习做某事5.spend doing sth 花费时间做某事（主语是人）6.keep doing sth 保持一直做某事7.how about doing sth 做某事怎么样（表建议）8.what abou

30、t doing sth 做某事怎么样（表建议）9.have a difficulty doing sth 做某事有困难10.have a good time doing sth 玩得开心(大多数have +名词就再加动词ing)11.feel like doing sth 想要做某事12.cant help doing sth 禁不住做某事13.start doing sth 开始做某事（to do也可，常考doing）14.go on doing sth 继续做某事15.mind doing sth 介意做某事16.finish doing sth 完成做某事17.be busy doing sth 忙于做某事18.see/hear sb. doing 看到/听到某人正在做某事（常出现when引导的状语从句）11.find out v 找到 发现、查明 批注：区分 look for find find out discover的用法look for意为“寻找”，强调找的动作，是延续性动词find意为“找到、发现、感到”，强调找的结果，是非延续性动词find out意为“查明、发现、了解”，指经过认真观察、调查或研究把某事、某物