中英对照英美文学知识大全.docx

1、中英对照英美文学知识大全英美文学知识第一节 英国文学一、古英语时期的英国文学 (约499-1066)1. 诗歌Alliteration Beowulf贝奥武甫- national epicCaedmon (开德蒙)Anthem赞美诗Cynewulf (基涅武甫)Dream of the Rood十字架之梦2. 散文Bede (比德)Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum英吉利人教会史King Alfred(阿尔弗雷德大帝)Wessex Father of English Prose (“英国散文之父”);Anglo-Saxon Chronicle盎格鲁-撒

2、克逊编年史二、中古英语时期的英国文学 (14世纪 15世纪)1. Allegory Romance Sir Gawain and the Green Knight高文爵士和绿衣骑士2. Ballad The Robin Hood Ballads罗宾汉民谣集3. William Langland (威廉兰格伦)The Vision Concerning Piers the Plowman农夫皮尔斯的幻想4. Geoffrey Chaucer (杰弗里乔叟)Father of English Poetry (“英国诗歌之父”);The Canterbury Tales坎特布雷故事集;- octos

3、yllabic & heroic couplet (八音节英雄双韵体)5. Sir Thomas Malory (托马斯马洛礼)Le Morte dArthur亚瑟王之死三、文艺复兴时期的英国文学 (15世纪末 17世纪中期)1. Humanism classic culture2. Thomas More (托马斯莫尔)Utopia乌托邦; The Painful Life of Edward V; Historie of Richard the Third理查德三世传3. Thomas Wyatt (托马斯怀亚特), Henry Howard (亨利霍华德) Sonnet4. Philip

4、 Sidney (菲利浦锡德尼)Arcadia阿卡迪亚- 第一篇田园生活的传奇,“现代长篇小说的先驱”;The Defence of Poesie / Apology for Poetry诗辩- 人文主义文学的宣言,开创近代英国的文学批评5. Edmund Spencer (埃德蒙斯宾塞)poet poet Spencerian stanza 9行 (ababbcbcc)8 iambic pentameter + 1 iambic hexameter;The Faire Queene仙后被誉为英国文艺复兴时期“最杰出的史诗” nationalism, humanism, puritanism6

5、. Christopher Marlowe (克里斯托弗马娄)Tamburlaine帖木耳大帝; The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus浮士德博士的悲剧历史7. William Shakespeare2首长诗, 154首十四行诗, 37部戏剧(威廉莎士比亚)长诗Venus and Adonis维纳斯和阿多尼斯;The Rape of Lucrece露克丽丝受辱记十四行诗iambic pentameter 14 (abab cdcd efef gg)3 quatrains + 1 couplet = Shakespearean sonnet戏剧悲剧Hamle

6、t, King Lear, Othello, Macbeth喜剧A Midsummer Nights Dream; The Merchant of Venice; As You Like It皆大欢喜; Twelfth Night历史剧Henry VI, Henry IV, Richard III传奇剧Pericles泰尔亲王配力克里斯; Cymbeline辛白林; The Winters Tale; Tempest暴风雨8. Ben Jonson (本琼森)comedy of manners (风俗喜剧的奠基人);Every Man In His Humor人性互异9. John Donne

7、 (约翰多恩)Metaphysical Poems (“玄学派”诗歌创始人);Songs and Sonnets歌曲与十四行诗10. George Herbert (乔治赫伯特)the saint of the Metaphysical school (“玄学派诗圣”);The Temple神殿11. Andrew Marwell (安德鲁马韦尔)诗风结合了玄学派和古典主义的创作特点;To His Coy Mistress致他的娇羞女友12. Francis Bacon (弗朗西斯培根)Materialism; Essays随笔(Of Study, Of Truth);The Advancem

8、ent of Learning学术的推进;The New Instrument新工具四、资产阶级革命及启蒙时期的英国文学 (17世纪末，18世纪 )1. the Enlightenment: liberty, equality, democracy2. 18世纪的英国文学前30年：neo-classicism (崇尚古典文学的创作及美学原则)40年代到80年代：realism80年代以后：sentimentalism & pre-romanticism (崇尚情感)3. John Milton (约翰弥尔顿)Defence of the English People为英国人民而辩;Second

9、 Defence of the English people为英国人民再辩;Paradise Lost (blank verse, 旧约); Paradise Regained (新约); Samson Agonistes力士参(poetical drama, closet drama)4. John Bunyan (约翰班扬)The Pilgrims Progress天路历程- 寓言, Vanity Fair5. John Dryden (约翰德莱顿)Alexanders Feast亚历山大的宴会;Absalom and Achitophel押沙龙与阿齐托菲尔;The Indian Quee

10、n; The Indian Emperor; The Conquest of Granada格兰纳达的征服; Tyrannick Love; All for Love;An Essay of Dramatick Poesie论戏剧诗新古典主义6. Alexander Pope (亚历山大蒲柏)Pastorals; The Rape of the Lock卷发遇劫记; The Dunciad愚人记; Essay on Criticism; Essay on Man; 翻译了The Iliad, The Odyssey7. Richard Steel & Joseph Addison(理查德斯蒂尔

11、 & 约瑟夫艾迪生)The Tatler闲谈者; The Spectator旁观者8. William Blake (威廉布莱克)Songs of Innocence; Songs of Experience9. Robert Burns (罗伯特斯)A Red, Red Rose; Auld Lang Syne昔日好时光10. Samuel Johnson (塞缪尔约翰逊)A Dictionary of the English Language英语辞典;A Letter to Lord Chesterfield致切斯特菲尔德爵爷书被誉为文人脱离贵族提携和保护的宣言书;The Lives of

12、 the Poets诗人传现实主义11. Daniel Defoe (丹尼尔笛福)The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe鲁宾逊漂流记; The Shortest Way with the Dissenters铲除非国教教徒的捷径; Moll Flanders12. Jonathan Swift(乔纳森斯威夫特)A Modest Proposal一个小小的建议; Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World by Lemuel Gulliver格里佛游记; A

13、Tale of a Tub桶的故事13. Henry Fielding(亨利菲尔丁)Joseph Andrews; Amelia; The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling汤姆琼斯- 现实主义小说最高成就14. Tobias Smollett(托比亚斯斯摩莱特)The Adventures of Roderick Random蓝登传;The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle匹克尔传15. Samuel Richardson(塞缪尔理查逊) 书信形式Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded帕米拉或美德有报; Clariss

14、a克拉丽莎; The History of Sir Charles Grandison查尔斯格兰迪森爵士的历史感伤主义16. Thomas Gray (托马斯格雷)An Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard墓园挽诗17. Lawrence Sterne(劳伦斯斯特恩)The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy项狄传- 开创意识流小说的先驱之作; A Sentimental Journey18. Oliver Goldsmith(奥立弗哥尔德斯密斯)The Good-Naturd Man好心人; She stoops t

15、o Conquer屈身求爱; The Vicar of Wakefield威克菲尔德牧师传; The Deserted Village荒村; The Citizen of the World世界公民(Chinese Letters中国信札)19. Richard Brinsley Sheridan(理查德布林斯利里丹)The School for Scandal造谣学校- 风俗喜剧之巅;The Rivals情敌五、维多利亚时期的英国文学 (19世纪)消极浪漫主义1. William Wordsworth(威廉华兹华斯)I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud独自云游; The

16、Solitary Reaper孤寂的刈麦女; Lines Composed a Few Miles about Tintern Abbey丁登寺杂咏; The Prelude序曲2. Samuel Taylor Coleridge (塞缪尔泰勒柯勒律治)The Rime of the Ancient Mariner古舟子咏; Kubla Khan忽必烈汗; Christabel克里斯塔贝尔3. Robert Southey(罗伯特骚塞)The Battle of Blenheim布莱尼姆之战; My Days among the Dead are Past; Thalaba the Destr

17、oyer撒拉巴; The Curse of Kehama克哈马的诅咒积极浪漫主义4. George Gordon Byron (乔治戈登拜伦)Child Harolds Pilgrimage恰尔德哈罗尔德游记;Don Juan唐璜5. Percy Bysshe Shelley(波西比希雪莱)Adonais阿多尼; Ode to the West Wind西风颂; Prometheus Unbound解放了的普罗米修斯; To a Skylark致云雀; A Defence of Poetry诗辩6. John Keats (约翰济慈)The Eve of St. Agnes; Ode to A

18、utumn; Ode to a Nightingale; Ode on a Grecian Urn希腊古瓮颂7. Alfred Tennyson(阿尔弗莱德丁尼生)Break, Break, Break; Ulysses尤利西斯; The Princess; In Memoriam悼念; Maud毛黛8. Robert Browning (罗伯特布朗宁)dramatic monologue (戏剧独白诗);Men and Women; The Ring and the Book9. Elizabeth Barrett Browning(伊丽莎白芭蕾特布朗宁)The Cry of the Chi

19、ldren; Sonnets from the Portuguese10. Matthew Arnold (马修阿诺德)Dover Beach多佛海滩11. Dante Gabriel Rossetti(但丁加百列罗塞蒂)The Pre-raphaelite Brotherhood (先拉斐尔兄弟会);The Blessed Damozel女神; The House of Life12. Charles Lamb (查尔斯兰姆)Tales from Shakespeare莎士比亚戏剧故事集13. Thomas De Quincey(托马斯德昆西)Confessions of an Englis

20、h Opium-Eater一个抽鸦片的英国人的自白; On Murder Considered as One of the Fine Arts谋杀被视为一门艺术; On the Knocking at the Gate in Macbeth14. Thomas Carlyle (托马斯卡莱尔)The French Revolution法国革命15. Walter Scott (沃尔特司各特)Father of Historical Novels (“历史小说之父”);Waverley威弗利; Rob Roy; Ivanhoe艾凡赫批判现实主义16. Jane Austen (简奥斯丁)Sens

21、e and Sensibility; Pride and Prejudice; Emma17. The Bronte Sisters(勃朗特三姐妹)Charlotte Bronte (夏洛蒂)Jane Eyre简爱Emily Bronte (艾米丽)Wuthering Heights呼啸山庄Anne Bronte (安妮)Agnes Grey安格尼丝格雷18. George Eliot (乔治艾略特)原名Mary Ann Evans, 19世纪最多产的女性作家;Adam Bede亚当比德; The Mill on the Floss弗罗斯河上的磨坊; Silas Marner织工马南; Mid

22、dlemarch-A Study of Provincial Life米德尔马契19. Mrs. Gaskell (盖斯凯尔)Mary Barton; Life of Charlotte Bronte20. Charles Dickens(查尔斯狄更斯)Sketches by Boz波兹特写; The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club匹克威克外传; Oliver Twist; The Old Curiosity Shop; American Notes; Dombey and Son; David Copperfield; Bleak House荒凉

23、山庄; Hard Times; A Tale of Two Cities; Great Expectations21. William Makepeace Thackeray(威廉麦克皮斯萨克雷)Vanity Fair名利场;Henry Esmond亨利艾斯蒙德; The Newcomers22. George Meredith(乔治梅瑞狄斯)The Ordeal of Richard Feverel理查德法弗尔的苦难23. Thomas Hardy (托马斯哈代)Tess of the DUrbervilles; Far From the Madding Crowd远离尘嚣; The Ret

24、urn of the Native; The Mayor Casterbridge; Wessex Tales; Lifes Little Ironies人生小讽刺; The Dynasts列王;Jude the Obscure -批判现实主义文学的最高成就24. Joseph Rudyard Kipling(约瑟夫路德雅德吉卜林)Barrack-Room Ballads兵营歌谣; Seven Seas25. Joseph Conrad (约瑟夫康拉德)Heart of Darkness黑暗的心新浪漫主义26. Robert Louis Stevenson(罗伯特路易斯史蒂文森)New Ara

25、bian Nights新天方夜谭唯美主义(为艺术而艺术)27. Oscar Wilde(奥斯卡王尔德)The Picture of Dorian Gray道林格雷的画像Lady Windermeres Fan温德米尔夫人的扇子The Happy Prince and Other Tales快乐王子童话集六、20世纪的英国文学象征主义1. William Butler Yeats(威廉勃特勒叶芝)The Autumn of the Body肉体的秋天; The Wind Among the Reeds芦苇中的风; The Wild Swan at Coole库尔的野天鹅; Sailing to

26、Byzantium驶向拜占庭现实主义三杰2. John Galsworthy(约翰高尔斯华绥)The Forsyte Saga福尔赛世家: The Man of Property有产业的人, In Chancery进退维谷, To Let招租出让3. Herbert George Wells (赫乔威尔斯)现代科幻小说鼻祖; The Time Machine4. Arnold Bennett (阿诺德贝特)The Old Wives Tale老妇谭5. William Somerset Maugham (威廉萨默赛特毛姆)Of Human Bondage人生的枷锁; The Moon and

27、Sixpence; Cakes and Ale寻欢作乐; The Razors Edge刀锋6. Katharine Mansfield (凯瑟琳曼斯菲尔德)Bliss and Other Stories幸福集现代主义7. Henry James (亨利詹姆斯)The Art of the Novel: Critical Prefaces小说的艺术; Daisy Miller黛茜密勒8. D. H. Lawrence (戴赫劳伦斯)Sons and Lovers; The Rainbow; Women in Love; Lady Chatterleys Lover查泰莱夫人的情人意识流9. J

28、ames Augustine Aloysius Joyce(詹姆斯奥古斯丁艾洛依休斯乔伊斯)Dubliners都柏林人; A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man; Finnegans Wake芬尼根守灵夜; Ulysses10. Virginia Woolf(弗吉尼娅沃尔夫)Jacobs Room雅各布的房间; Mrs. Dalloway达罗卫夫人; To the Lighthouse到灯塔去; The Waves浪11. E. M. Forster (爱摩福斯特)A Passage to India通往印度之路12. George Bernard Sh

29、aw(乔治伯纳萧)Widowers Houses鳏夫的房产; Mrs. Warrens Profession华伦夫人的职业; John Bulls Other Island英国佬的另一个岛; Saint Joan圣女贞德; Pygmalion匹格梅利翁; Man and Superman人与超人; The Quintessence of Ibsenism易卜生主义精华13. John Millington Synge (约翰米灵顿辛格)In the Shadow of the Glen峡谷的阴影14. Sean O Casey (肖恩奥凯西)The Shadow of a Gunman枪手的影子;Juno and the Peacock朱诺和孔雀