普通物理实验各实验大数据几乎全部都有哦.docx

1、普通物理实验各实验大数据几乎全部都有哦实验中数据处理期末考试题从以下实验的数据中，每人选做一个实验。在认真阅读所写部分的实验教材后，写出一份高质量的实验报告。实验报告要按普通物理实验课本上的容要求来写，要验报告用计算机处理数据后，写成电子版（写上）的发我。纸质的实验报告按试题格式用A4纸打印后，请于2013年6月10日前推举的负责同学按实验类别归类统一处收齐上课时交。（实验报告要求：重点突出数据处理容，避免原理及操作容太多）实验一、单摆的研究1、用游标卡尺测出摆球的半径r = d / 2零点读数：0.000cm 最小分度值：0.002cmd (cm)1.9021.9001.9021.8921.

2、9001.8922、用米尺测出摆线的长度l (l =x1 - x2+d/2) x1 (cm)0.100.100.100.100.100.10x2 (cm)107.40107.41107.39107.38107.41107.43l (cm)3、用秒表测单摆摆动50个周期的时间t零点读数：0.00s 最小分度值：0.10st (s)104.00104.10103.75103.39104.25104.104、用米尺测出摆线的长度l (摆长L = l+d/2) ，用秒表测单摆摆动50个周期的时间t不同线长l(cm)50个周期时间123456100.00t1(S)100.40100.39100.3810

3、0.38100.42100.3990.00t2(S)95.2395.2595.2295.2495.2395.2580.00t3(S)90.1090.0890.1190.1290.0990.1070.00t4(S)83.2483.2383.2683.2583.2283.2460.00t5(S)78.3878.4278.4078.4278.3878.4150.00t6(S)71.7071.6874.7271.7471.3771.40实验二、氏模量的测定（伸长法）1在不同拉力时标尺像的读数yi以及金属丝微小伸长量变化的数据记录表1 不同拉力时标尺像的读数yi以及金属丝微小伸长量变化的数据记录拉力Fi

4、 (kg)拉力F改变时标尺像的读数yi(cm)F增加F减少F增加F减少F增加F减少02.002.012.011.981.982.0212.502.492.492.502.502.4922.902.952.912.952.952.9533.403.403.393.393.383.3743.803.813.793.803.813.7954.284.264.224.234.254.2264.684.694.684.664.684.7875.115.125.125.515.125.1185.575.575.555.555.525.522光杠杆d1，d2和金属丝的测量记录 表2 螺旋测微计零点读数为：0

5、.012 mm 次数123456d(cm)0.8100.7950.8070.8040.8030.801D1(cm)6.940.03D2(cm)169.450.05 l (cm)72.820.05实验三、氏模量的测定(梁弯曲法)材料一： 1.用螺旋测微计测a值： 零点读数：0.001cm 最小分度值：0.001cm12345a (cm)0.23040.22830.22870.23010.2292 2.用游标卡尺测量b值：零点读数：0.000cm 最小分度值：0.002cm12345b (cm)1.5161.5121.5161.5181.514 3.用米尺测量l 值：最小分度值：0.01cm，l

6、= 26.60cm4.加法码时xi 改变量如下表：加减加减imi (kg)xi (cm)xi (cm)xi (cm)xi (cm)007.41087.40738.63738.633010.27.37127.35678.59008.544020.47.31807.3-538.54458.539830.67.27577.25658.49708.491040.87.22577.20788.44988.448151.07.18187.16058.40448.4001材料二： 1.用螺旋测微计测a值： 零点读数：0.001cm 最小分度值：0.001cm12345a (cm)0.18050.18050.

7、18160.18290.1832 2.用游标卡尺测量b值：零点读数：0.000cm 最小分度值：0.002cm12345b (cm)1.5081.5121.5041.5041.508 3.用米尺测量l 值：最小分度值：0.01cm，l = 26.60cm4.加法码时xi 改变量如下表：加减加减imi (kg)xi (cm)xi (cm)xi (cm)xi(cm)007.28687.26008.46708.448010.27.13307.10108.32108.296820.46.98476.95708.17288.145830.66.83356.79408.02237.890040.86.68

8、416.63977.86677.837351.06.52256.48347.71067.6808实验四、弹簧振子的研究 1.研究锥型弹簧的C值： m0 = (12.8900.010)g m= (3.7900.010)gnm (g)50 T (s)1m+159.8559.852 +263.3563.353 +366.5566.554 +469.5669.655 +572.7572.756 +675.4574.457 +778.1078.108 +880.9080.90 2.研究柱型弹簧的C值： m0 = (13.9340.010)g m= (3.7900.010)gnm (g)50T (s)1m

9、+143.55 43.552 +245.65 45.853 +347.90 47.804 +449.55 49.505 +551.30 51.306 +653.20 53.007 +754.80 55.008 +856.75 56.70实验五、弦振动的研究 1.弦的线密度：= (0.385 0.004) g/cm 2.观察弦上的驻波： (1)读出音叉频率：= 102.8HZ (2)确定FT(或m)的取值：(取n = 1，l = 25cm ， = 0.38510-1 kg/m) (3)取m = m同 + m砝 = 4.7 + 5 = 9.7(g) 求改变l 使之分别为n = 1，2，3，4时的波

10、长：( = 0.1cm)，数据如下：l1 (cm)l2 (cm)l3 (cm)l4 (cm)125.0026.2526.5626.00249.3550.0850.2550.38372.4572.6373.6474.08499.3099.05100.25100.42 3.弦上横波道德波长与力的关系： (1)取n 2时，改变m 的值，测量l，数据如下表：m ( g ) l1 (cm)l2 (cm)l3 (cm)l4 (cm)18.367.6567.8568.1068.4528.384.4585.2585.5587.3538.3100.37101.35102.23103.2548.3109.1510

11、9.65109.82110.3558.3117.25118.25118.45119.5568.3124.15123.56123.82124.5478.3138.47138.74139.38140.0588.3145.38146.48147.52148.65实验六、刚体转动的研究砝码的下落高度h = 1.46m，空盒的质量m0 = 8.72g，钢环的质量m1 = 1.40kg表1 绕线轴直径Di (mm)50.2450.2650.2250.26表2 不同转台时不同砝码的质量下的下落时间mi（g）123456空转台28.724.804.794.844.784.834.8163.723.533.56

12、3.493.523.503.5078.723.193.183.193.163.153.18100.722.532.602.562.592.602.56钢环78.7215.1015.0815.0615.0915.0515.0663.7210.8110.8410.8210.8710.8410.8778.729.609.569.609.579.579.58100.728.088.108.078.098.068.08实验七、倾斜气垫导轨上滑动块运动的研究滑块质量m = 259.7g，挡光片宽度d = 1.497cm，两光电门间距s =80.00cm表1 垫块高度的记录hi (cm)12345h10.9

13、600.9620.9640.9640.968h21.9121.9141.9101.9141.912h32.8802.8822.8802.8842.884h43.8403.8403.8423.8443.842h1+h44.8004.8024.8064.8084.810表2 挡光片的宽度12345d (cm)1.5001.4981.4981.5001.498表3 平轨上A、B门的时间及过B、A的时间tA (ms)tB (ms)tB (ms)tA (ms)1541556545570254055753957035335465405544540546539561表4 导轨垫高h1 ，h2 ，h3 ，h4

14、 ，h1+h4时过A、B门的时间hit (0.1ms)12345h1tA523521522522519tB324324324322321h2tA375374374374375tB228228229229228h3tA307310320310319tB189190194190188h4tA277271280268274tB169164166164165h1+ h4tA248243246244240tB147148147147147实验八、滑块运动运动学规律的研究实验目的：1、熟悉了解气垫导轨的基本性能 2、研究位移和时间、速度和时间、加速度和时间的关系表1 在拉力F作用时，st的记录砝码加砝码盘

15、质量：m = 6.4gis=30.00cms=40.00cms=50.00cms=60.00cms=70.00cms=80.00cmt(mS)1584.946719.545852.738978.2301098.8911211.9282583.788719.468854.094980.5361098.0801209.2713584.439724.114855.141978.8181097.5721208.7454584.293721.172852.966978.5321092.9541209.7585585.712722.290854.832979.8081089.6431208.8746582

16、.136720.780852.871981.1231091.1491208.380表2 加速度恒定时，vt的记录挡光片的宽度d = (0.9400.002)cmis=30.00cms=40.00cms=50.00cms=60.00cms=70.00cms=80.00cmt(mS)122.02819.09217.10415.83314.85114.246222.22119.31617.07315.99914.98214.250322.39419.58317.46815.89814.90014.238422.36719.29817.32415.94014.88414.274522.43818.82

17、717.39515.97914.97914.284622.50818.74417.34615.95314.96914.227（s表示滑块到光电门的距离，即静止释放的位置）表3 加速度和时间的关系记录砝码盘质量m = 0.4g，d = (0.9400.002)cm,s = (50.000.05)cmi4g5g6g7g8g9gt1(mS)131.93629.45727.19125.76124.28023.098232.14229.43327.20025.67724.19323.184332.28329.39327.45525.80824.30423.157432.07629.38127.23225

18、.76324.37723.175532.03429.47327.44125.66624.31122.895632.05029.32127.23725.70724.19522.985t2(mS)114.69513.45712.50911.74011.08510.538214.72213.54012.51411.79011.07210.527314.74713.55312.55511.77711.13410.545414.75713.54112.52811.76211.15810.550514.76013.51812.56711.78611.11610.510614.75213.39512.536

19、11.76411.06010.544实验九、滑块运动动力学规律的研究表1 m一定时F与a的相关量测量滑块m砝= 127.9g，砝码盘m盘= 3.5g，s = (59.000.05)cm，d = (1.0000.002)cm砝码m(g)1234561tA1(mS)29.09829.57430.05132.74132.74131.353tB1(mS)13.90413.04014.08714.21814.21814.1693tA2(mS)25.61324.31725.81226.22324.85925.224tB2(mS)14.72713.87914.07214.39213.60914.1065tA

20、3(mS)22.48421.90722.26222.45522.84622.585tB3(mS)13.61213.25414.46413.41313.41313.4197tA4(mS)18.81622.12522.94425.32328.07024.600tB4(mS)12.81613.09113.27712.98714.94512.496表2 F一定时m与a的相关量测量砝码盘m盘= 3.5g，砝码9g，s = (59.000.05)cm，d = (1.0000.002)cm滑块m(g)123456176.3tA1(mS)43.26651.80743.52247.36049.00648.230

21、tB1(mS)9.1079.1669.5099.1469.2419.246225.6tA2(mS)47.08246.30249.54448.10843.13446.087tB2(mS)10.58710.56410.59010.59110.52410.430274.4tA3(mS)92.96880.04698.38799.17894.82786.997tB3(mS)12.51812.89313.14513.16013.24113.191274.6tA4(mS)90.67692.41397.12087.99591.20883.084tB4(mS)12.47212.43912.58613.18413

22、.32513.042实验十、复摆振动的研究1、对A端所测数据：SGA = 50.01cm，摆动30次，复摆M = 2.198kgSi (cm)hi (m)t1 (s)t2 (s)t2 (s)4.100.459148.0248.0148.027.580.424347.7047.7547.7211.050.389647.0547.0047.0014.050.355146.4046.3546.4517.920.320946.1046.1046.2021.400.286146.2246.2046.2024.900.251146.0546.1046.0528.300.217146.9046.9046.8

23、531.800.182148.3848.2048.3035.300.147150.5550.7550.522、对B端所测数据：SGA = 50.00cm，摆动30次，复摆M = 2.198kgSi (cm)hi (m)t1 (s)t2 (s)t2 (s)4.000.460048.3548.3048.327.500.425047.5547.4247.4510.950.390546.9546.9046.9214.400.356046.3046.3046.3217.850.321546.0046.0046.0021.300.287046.0046.0046.0024.800.252046.5046.4046.4528.250.217546.4546.5546.5031.720.182848.2548.2548.2535.200.148050.7051.0050.80实验十一、自由落体运动当h0 = 20.00cm，即v0 0对四个不同小球下落时测量数据hi (cm)1号小球体2号小球体3号小球体ti (ms)ti (ms)ti (ms)110.00279.12279.26279.31280.47280.57280.49280.90280.95280.88