必修三情态动词.docx

1、必修三情态动词情态动词 Modal Verbs请回忆一下你所学过的情态动词有哪些？_下面来具体学习各情态动词的用法。一、 may & might 1.表示请求多用于第一人称，might比may语气委婉。肯定回答用may或can,否定回答用cant, mustnt. May/might I borrow some money?Yes, you may/ you can. No, you cant/ you mustnt2.表示许可，允许。might为may的过去式You may drive the car. You may not take the book home.He said he mi

2、ght lend us some money. He asked if he might use the phone.3.表示对现在或将来的推测、可能，用于肯定句或否定句。may的可能性大于might。He may be very busy now. They may/might be waiting at the station.The problems may be solved in a number of different ways.He might tell his wife.She might not believe your story.4.may/might have don

3、e 表示对过去的推测。用于肯定句或否定句。may的可能性大于might。He may have gone abroad.Jack may/might have been hurt seriously in the car accident.He may/might not have finished the work.Eva might not have seen him yesterday.5.might have done还可以表示虚拟，意为本来能够做某事却没有做。表示轻微的责备、埋怨。You might have told me. 你本来可以告诉我的。I might have helpe

4、d her but I was too busy._You might have given her more help._6.用于祈使句中，表祝愿。May you succeed! 练习一1. He_you more help, even though he was very busy. A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give2. Sorry Im late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A. might

5、 B. should C. can D. will3. - Are you coming to Jeffs party?- Im not sure. I _go to the concert instead.Amust Bwould Cshould Dmight4. Helen _ go on the trip with us, but she isnt quite sure yet.A. shall B. must C. may D. can5.I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway o

6、fficial.How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _ it.A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen二、can & could1.提出请求，could比can语气婉转。Can I go now? Can you help me? Could you show me the way?Could you pass me the books?Yes, I can. No, Im afraid not.2.表示许可、

7、允许和may差不多，口语中can更常见。You can (may) park here.You can (may) take the book home.You cant smoke here.3.表示能力，can指现在，could指过去，be able to do多指通过努力而做成某事。She can run very fast Who can answer the question?When I was young, I could climb any tree in the forest.I could drive before I left school.There was a big

8、 fire in the hotel but everyone was able to escape.4.表示对现在的猜测、怀疑、不相信的态度。用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。can比could的可能性大。It cant be the postman at the door. Its only 6.That cant be Mary. She is in the hospital now.There s someone outside. Who can it be?Could this be true? How could you do that? How can you be so carel

9、ess?5.can/could have done表示对过去事情的推测，用否定句或疑问句中。can比could的可能性大。He cant have been to that town._I couldnt have left it on the bus._Can he have got that message? 他收到那条消息了吗？My sister met him at the Grand Theater yesterday afternoon, so he couldnt have attended your lecture._6.could have done 还可以表示本来可以做某事

10、却没有做成。表达一种遗憾。He paid for a seat when he could have entered free._You could have received my letter._7.表示理论上或习惯上的可能性，意为“有时可能会”It can be very cold here at night.It can be quite windy on the hills.山上有时风很大。He can be very careless sometimes.练习二1.-Could I borrow your dictionary? -Yes, of course you_ A. mi

11、ght B. will C. can D. should2.There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. It_a comfortable journey.A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been3.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.A. had to B. would C. could

12、D. was able to4.-I stayed at a hotel while in New York.-Oh, did you? You_ _with Barbara.A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed5.Will you stay for lunch? Sorry, ,My brother is coming to see me.A. I mustnt B.I cant C. I neednt D.I wont6. My sister met him at the Grand The

13、atre yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture. A. couldnt have attended B. neednt have attended C. mustnt have attended D. shouldnt have attended7. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? Acan Bshould Cmay D. must8. - Isn t that Anns husband over t

14、here? - No, it _ be him. Im sure he doesnt wear glasses. A. cant B. must not C. wont D. may not9. I _ have been more than six years old when the accident happened.（2005） A. shouldnt B. couldnt C. mustnt D. neednt10. Do you know where David is? I couldnt find him anywhere. Well . He_have gone farhis

15、coats still here. Ashouldnt Bmustnt Ccant Dwouldnt11. The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _be very slow. A.should Bmust Cwill Dcan12. Theres no light on they_ be at home.（2006） A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt13. -Is Jack on duty today? -It _ be him.

16、 Its his turn tomorrow. A. mustnt B. wont C. cant D. neednt三、must(主观，“必须”) & have to (客观，“不得不”) 1.must I finish the work right now? / Do I have to finish the work right now? Yes, you must/ you have to No, you neednt/ you dont have tomustnt 表示禁止，意为不能，不许You mustnt drive without a liceseYou mustnt take

17、 photos here.2表示推测只用于肯定句中，意为“一定”must do (对现在的推测) must be doing (对现在进行的某事的推测)must have done（对过去的推测）Your sister must be a doctor in this hospital._He must be reading news paper in the reading room now._It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet._Mr. Green must have been punished for his bei

18、ng rude(无礼的、粗鲁的) at the meeting yesterday._3.表示偏要，硬要做某事，多指做一些让人不快的事。If you must smoke, please go outside.If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over.John, look at the time. Must you play the piano now?I will tell you the truth, if you must know.练习三1. Who is the girl standing over there ? W

19、ell , if you_know , her name is Mabel. A. may B. can C. must D. shall2. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _ at lease 150 km an hour. A. should have been driving B. must have been driving C. could have driven D. would have driven3. He _ have completed his wor

20、k; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside.A. should B. must C. wouldnt D. cant4. - The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.- Oh, dear! She _ a lot of difficulties!A. may go through B. might go throughC. ought to have gone through

21、D. must have gone through5. This cake is very sweet. You _ a lot of sugar in it. Ashould put Bcould have put Cmight put Dmust have put6. Tom , you_leave all your clothes on the floor like this ! Awouldnt Bmustnt Cneednt Dmay not7. Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today? Something _ to hi

22、m. Amust happen Bshould have happened Ccould have happened Dmust have happened8. - Must he come to sign this paper himself? - Yes, he_ . A. need B. must C. may D. will9. - Could I have a word with you, mum? - Oh dear, if you _. A. can B. must C. may D. should 10. May I smoke here ?If you _, choose a

23、 seat in the smoking section. A. should B. could C. may D. must11. I have told you the truth _I keep repeating it?A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will四、need1.作实义动词时，后接名词、代词、动名词或不定式。He needs help.The house needs/ wants/ requires cleaning. (need/ want/ require doing 表示某事需要被做，主动表被动)The tree needs/ wants/ requ

24、ires wateringWe need to be more careful.You dont need to repeat it so many timesDoes he need to know it?2.作情态动词，后接动词原形，用于否定或者疑问句中，neednt 意为不必You neednt come so early.You neednt pay for it.Need I do it at once?Yes, you must/ you have to. No, you neednt / you dont have to.3.neednt have done，表示虚拟，意为本来不

25、必做某事却做了。You neednt have waited for me._She neednt have hurried. There was enough time left._You neednt have told him about it._练习四1.Shall I tell John about it?No, you _ . Ive told him already. A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. shouldnt2. - I dont mind telling you what I know. - You_Im not asking you

26、 for it.A. mustnt B. may not C. cant D. neednt3. -Lucy doesnt mind lending you her dictionary. -She _. Ive already borrowed one.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt4. Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you. Thanks. You it. I could manage it myself. Aneednt do Bneednt have done Cmustnt do Dsho

27、uldnt have done5. The weather turned out to be fine yesterdayI _ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me Ashould have taken Bcould have taken Cneednt have taken D，mustnt have taken6. As you worked late yesterday, you _ have come this morning. A. maynt B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt 最后总结一下“情态动词+have done”的用法：NameUsage1Must have done用于_句中，表示_