新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册第一单元课文单词详解.docx

1、新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册第一单元课文单词详解Section A Text A Toward a brighter future for all1. Good afternoon! As president of the university, I am proud to welcome you to this university. Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers. Here at the universit

2、y, we pledge to make your educational experience as rewarding as possible.下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所大学里，我们承诺将使你们学有所成。Words and phrase1. achievement n something very good and difficult that you have succeeded in doing:e.g. An Olympic silver medal is a remark

3、able achievement for one so young.2. triumph n being successful or victorious 成功,胜利 shouts of triumph great achievement or success 成功 one of the triumphs of modern science v. (over sb/sth) be successful or victorious triumph over ones difficulties 战胜困难.3. pledge v sth (to sb/sth) (fml ) promise sole

4、mnly to give (support,etc); give (ones word, honour, etc) as a pledge 保证给予（支持等）; 以（誓言 名誉等）作担保:pledge loyalty to the king 发誓效忠国王be pledged to keeping a secret 誓守秘密. sb/oneself (to sth/to do sth) promise solemnly that sb/one will do sth or support a cause, etc保证某人自己做某事或支持某事业等The Government has pledged

5、 itself to send aid to the famine victims. 政府已承诺赈济饥民. Tn leave (sth) with sb as a pledge典当（某物）: Hes pledged his mothers wedding ring. Tn (fml ) drink to the health of (sb); toast (sb) 为（某人）的健康祝酒; 向（某人）祝酒: pledge the bride （新娘）and bridegroom（新郎） 4. rewarding adj giving you satisfaction, pleasure, or

6、profit 值得的；有意义的；有回报的Our journey to the orphanage (孤儿院) was a very rewarding experience. Antonym: unrewardingSynonym: satisfying5. as.as possible as + adj / adv +as ; as + adj + n + as 尽力做某事的意思 We have to run as fast as possible.Can you say it as loudly as possible?I hope youll stay as long as possib

7、le.We need as many apples as possible.You must come back as soon as possible.Word formation note:adj suffix -ing1. -ing加在某些transitive verb后，构成adj，主要用于表示事物的性质或特征，或某物或某事给人的感觉、情感、印象等。这类词包括welcoming, charming, discouraging, disgusting, frightening, alarming, surprising等。例如：a welcoming smile 热情的微笑a charm

8、ing house on the outskirts of the town 在城镇郊外的一栋漂亮的房子an alarming increase in housing price 房价的惊人增长A surprising number of men stay bachelors. 有相当多的男子仍然是单身。2. -ing加在intransitive verb之后，构成adj，表示某事或某人仍然处于某种状态。例如：a recurring problem 反复出现的问题his aging mother 他那日渐苍老的母亲He wore his hair in the prevailing fashi

9、on. 他的头发理的是当时盛行的发型。Paraphrase1 Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers. Meaning: Your entering this university is an important success. This success is due to many years of your hard work, and many years of your parents and teachers ha

10、rd work.2 Here at the university, we pledge to make your educational experience as rewarding as possible. Meaning: Here at the university, we promise to make your educational experience as worthwhile as possible.2. In welcoming you to the university, I am reminded of my own high school graduation an

11、d the photograph my mom took of my dad and me. Pose naturally, Mom instructed us. Wait! said Dad, Lets take a picture of me handing him an alarm clock. The clock woke me up every morning in college. It is still on my office desk.在欢迎你们到来的这一刻，我想起自己高中毕业时的情景，还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。 妈妈吩咐我们：“姿势自然点。” “等一等,”爸爸说，“把我递

12、给他闹钟的情景拍下来。” 在大学期间，那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。 至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。Words and phrase1. remind v inform (sb) of a fact or tell (sb) to do sth he may have forgotten 提醒: Do I have to remind you yet again? Remind me to answer that letter. sb of sb/sth cause sb to remember or be newly aware of sb/sth 使某人回想起或意识到某人某事物: He remi

13、nds me of his brother. This song reminds me of France. reminder n sth. that makes you notice, remember, or think about sth. 起提醒作用的东西The cold served as a reminder that winter wasnt quite finished. The waiters were clearing the tables, which served as a reminder that it was time to leave. 2. pose v (a

14、) I, Ipr (for sb) sit or stand in a particular position in order to be painted, drawn or photographed 摆好姿势（以便画像或拍照）: He had to pose wearing a laurel wreath. 他得摆好戴着月桂花冠的姿势. * (b) Tn put (sb) in a particular position in order to paint, draw or photograph him 使（某人）摆好姿势（以便画像或拍照）: The artist posed his mo

15、del carefully. 那位画家仔细摆好模特儿的姿势. I (derog 贬) behave in an unnatural or affected way in order to impress people 装腔作势: Stop posing and tell us what you really think. 别装蒜啦, 告诉我们你的真实想法吧. pose n 1 position in which a person poses or is posed (pose 1b) （为画像或拍照而摆的）姿势, 姿态: She adopted an elegant pose. 她摆了一个优美

16、的姿势. 2 (derog 贬) unnatural or affected way of behaving, intended to impress people 装腔作势的举动: His concern for the poor is only a pose. 他对穷人的关心只不过是做做样子罢了. Paraphrase1 In welcoming you to the university, I am reminded of my own high school graduation and the photograph my mom took of my dad and me. (Par

17、a. 2)Meaning: When I am welcoming you to this university, something I remember is my own high school graduation and the photo my mom took of my dad and me.3 Let me share with you something that you may not expect. You will miss your old routines and your parents reminders to work hard and attain you

18、r best. You may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with high school, and your parents may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with doing your laundry! But know this: The future is built on a strong foundation of the past.让我来告诉你们一些你们未必预料得到的事情。你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯，怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。

19、你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣，你们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣！但是要记住：未来是建立在过去扎实的基础上的。Words and phrase1. routine n C, U fixed and regular way of doing things程序; 公事; 常规: She found it difficult to establish a new routine after retirement. do sth as a matter of routine 按常规办事 attrib 作定语 routine tasks, chores, duties, et

20、c 日常工作 日常事务 例行职责. C set sequence of movements in a dance or some other performance 舞蹈等表演的成套动作: go through a dance routine 做一套舞蹈动作. routine adj usual; habitual; regular 通常的; 惯例的; 例行的: the routine procedure 例行手续 * routine maintenance 定期的保养 * routinely adv.2. attain v Tn succeed in getting (sth); achie

21、ve attain a position of power 获得权位 attain ones goal, objective, ambition, etc attain our target of 50000 达到我们的50000英镑的目标. attainable adj that can be attained These objectives are certainly attainable. attainment n U success in reaching 达到; 到达: The attainment of her ambitions was still a dream. 她要实现抱

22、负仍是一种梦想. C usu pl thing attained, esp skill or knowledge 成就; 造诣: a scholar of the highest attainments 造诣极高的学者.3.finished adj pred (not before noun) no longer doing, dealing with, or using sth. (with sb/sth) (infml 口) I wont be finished for another hour. 我还有一个小时才能完事. Are you finished with my tools ye

23、t? 我的工具你用完了吗？She decided she was finished with working for others. 她决定不再为别人做事.4. may have done sth.: used for talking about past possibilitiesShe might have changed her mind and decided not to come. 5. foundation n U act of founding (an institution, organization, etc) 建立, 创立, 创办: the foundation of t

24、he university C (a) (organization set up to provide) sums of money for research, charity, etc （为研究 慈善事业等提供的）基金, 基金会:You may be able to get support from an arts foundation. C usu pl layer of bricks, concrete, etc forming the solid base of a building underground 地基; 房基; 基础: lay the foundations of a bu

25、ilding 给建筑物奠基 C, U principle, idea or fact on which sth is based; basis （作为某事的）基本原则 思想或事实; 基础: lay the foundations of ones career 奠定个人事业的基础 * That rumor has no foundation. 那谣言没有事实根据. Grammar一、情态动词用于对现在内容推测的常见句型有：1、Can/may do sth：表示对现在内容的可能性的推测； 2、Must do sth：表示对现在内容的肯定性的推测。 二、情态动词用于对过去内容推荐的常见句型：1、ca

26、n/may have done sth：表示对过去内容的可能性； 2、must have done sth：表示对过去内容的肯定性的推测。例：It must have rained last night, for the road is wet. He may have got lost.Mr Green must have failed to receive my letter, otherwise he would have replied.I believe he must have had an accident, otherwise he would have arrived on

27、time. Collocation note:1 do是最常见的表示“做”的动词。e.g. Today I have a lot of work to do. 2do常常和表示锻炼或劳动等方面的名词或动名词连用。e.g. do physical exercise/the dishes/ones cooking Paraphrase1. You will miss your old routines and your parents reminders to work hard and attain your best. (Para. 3)Meaning: You will miss your

28、usual life patterns and your parents reminding words that you should work hard and achieve the best you can.2. You may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with high school, and your parents may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with doing your laundry! (Para. 3)Meaning: Perha

29、ps you were so happy that you cried because at last you finished high school, and perhaps your parents were so happy that they cried because eventually they wouldnt have to do your laundry any more!Note: Pay attention to the humor the president creates by contrasting the different responses from chi

30、ldren and their parents they all cried, but for different reasons!3.But know this: The future is built on a strong foundation of the past. (Para. 3)Meaning: But you should know that your future can only be attained when it is built on a solid past.4 For you, these next four years will be a time unli

31、ke any other. Here you are surrounded by great resources: interesting students from all over the country, a learned and caring faculty, a comprehensive library, great sports facilities, and student organizations covering every possible interest from the arts to science, to community service and so o

32、n. You will have the freedom to explore and learn about new subjects. You will learn to get by on very little sleep, meet fascinating people, and pursue new passions. I want to encourage you to make the most of this unique experience, and to use your energy and enthusiasm to reap the benefits of this opportunity.对你们而言，