新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册第一单元课文单词详解.docx

新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册第一单元课文单词详解.docx

《新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册第一单元课文单词详解.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册第一单元课文单词详解.docx（18页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第一册第一单元课文单词详解

SectionATextATowardabrighterfutureforall

1.Goodafternoon!

Aspresidentoftheuniversity,Iamproudtowelcomeyoutothisuniversity.Yourachievementisthetriumphofyearsofhardwork,bothofyourownandofyourparentsandteachers.Hereattheuniversity,wepledgetomakeyoureducationalexperienceasrewardingaspossible.

下午好！

作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。

你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。

在这所大学里，我们承诺将使你们学有所成。

Wordsandphrase

1.achievementnsomethingverygoodanddifficultthatyouhavesucceededindoing:

e.g.AnOlympicsilvermedalisaremarkableachievementforonesoyoung.

2.triumphnbeingsuccessfulorvictorious成功,胜利

shoutsoftriumph

greatachievementorsuccess成功

oneofthetriumphsofmodernscience

v.~（oversb/sth）besuccessfulorvictorious

triumphoverone'sdifficulties战胜困难.

3.pledgev~sth（tosb/sth）（fml）promisesolemnlytogive（support,etc）;give（one'sword,honour,etc）asapledge保证给予（支持等）;以（誓言﹑名誉等）作担保:

pledgeloyaltytotheking发誓效忠国王

bepledgedtokeepingasecret誓守秘密.

~sb/oneself（tosth/todosth）promisesolemnlythatsb/onewilldosthorsupportacause,etc保证某人[自己]做某事或支持某事业等

TheGovernmenthaspledgeditselftosendaidtothefaminevictims.政府已承诺赈济饥民.

[Tn]leave（sth）withsbasapledge典当（某物）:

He'spledgedhismother'sweddingring.

[Tn]（fml）drinktothehealthof（sb）;toast（sb）为（某人）的健康祝酒;向（某人）祝酒:

pledgethebride（新娘）andbridegroom（新郎）

4.rewardingadjgivingyousatisfaction,pleasure,orprofit值得的；有意义的；有回报的

Ourjourneytotheorphanage（孤儿院）wasaveryrewardingexperience.

Antonym:

unrewarding

Synonym:

satisfying

5.as...aspossibleas+adj/adv+as;as+adj+n+as尽力做某事的意思

Wehavetorunasfastaspossible.

Canyousayitasloudlyaspossible?

Ihopeyou’llstayaslongaspossible.

Weneedasmanyapplesaspossible.

Youmustcomebackassoonaspossible.

Wordformationnote:

adjsuffix-ing

1.-ing加在某些transitiveverb后，构成adj，主要用于表示事物的性质或特征，或某物或某事给人的感觉、情感、印象等。

这类词包括welcoming,charming,discouraging,disgusting,frightening,alarming,surprising等。

例如：

awelcomingsmile热情的微笑

acharminghouseontheoutskirtsofthetown在城镇郊外的一栋漂亮的房子

analarmingincreaseinhousingprice房价的惊人增长

Asurprisingnumberofmenstaybachelors.有相当多的男子仍然是单身。

2.-ing加在intransitiveverb之后，构成adj，表示某事或某人仍然处于某种状态。

例如：

arecurringproblem反复出现的问题

hisagingmother他那日渐苍老的母亲

Heworehishairintheprevailingfashion.他的头发理的是当时盛行的发型。

Paraphrase

1Yourachievementisthetriumphofyearsofhardwork,bothofyourownandofyourparentsandteachers.

Meaning:

Yourenteringthisuniversityisanimportantsuccess.Thissuccessisduetomanyyearsofyourhardwork,andmanyyearsofyourparents’andteachers’hardwork.

2Hereattheuniversity,wepledgetomakeyoureducationalexperienceasrewardingaspossible.

Meaning:

Hereattheuniversity,wepromisetomakeyoureducationalexperienceasworthwhileaspossible.

2.Inwelcomingyoutotheuniversity,Iamremindedofmyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotographmymomtookofmydadandme."Posenaturally,"Mominstructedus."Wait!

"saidDad,"Let'stakeapictureofmehandinghimanalarmclock."Theclockwokemeupeverymorningincollege.Itisstillonmyofficedesk.

在欢迎你们到来的这一刻，我想起自己高中毕业时的情景，还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。

妈妈吩咐我们：

“姿势自然点。

”“等一等,”爸爸说，“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。

”在大学期间，那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。

至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。

Wordsandphrase

1.remindvinform（sb）ofafactortell（sb）todosthhemayhaveforgotten提醒:

DoIhavetoremindyouyetagain?

Remindmetoanswerthatletter.

~sbofsb/sthcausesbtorememberorbenewlyawareofsb/sth使某人回想起或意识到某人[某事物]:

Heremindsmeofhisbrother.

ThissongremindsmeofFrance.

remindernsth.thatmakesyounotice,remember,orthinkaboutsth.起提醒作用的东西

Thecoldservedasareminderthatwinterwasn’tquitefinished.

Thewaiterswereclearingthetables,whichservedasareminderthatitwastimetoleave.

2.posev

（a）[I,Ipr]~（forsb）sitorstandinaparticularpositioninordertobepainted,drawnorphotographed摆好姿势（以便画像或拍照）:

Hehadtoposewearingalaurelwreath.他得摆好戴着月桂花冠的姿势.*

（b）[Tn]put（sb）inaparticularpositioninordertopaint,draworphotographhim使（某人）摆好姿势（以便画像或拍照）:

Theartistposedhismodelcarefully.那位画家仔细摆好模特儿的姿势.

[I]（derog贬）behaveinanunnaturaloraffectedwayinordertoimpresspeople装腔作势:

Stopposingandtelluswhatyoureallythink.别装蒜啦,告诉我们你的真实想法吧.

posen

1positioninwhichapersonposesorisposed（pose1b）（为画像或拍照而摆的）姿势,姿态:

Sheadoptedanelegantpose.她摆了一个优美的姿势.

2（derog贬）unnaturaloraffectedwayofbehaving,intendedtoimpresspeople装腔作势的举动:

Hisconcernforthepoorisonlyapose.他对穷人的关心只不过是做做样子罢了.

Paraphrase

1Inwelcomingyoutotheuniversity,Iamremindedofmyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotographmymomtookofmydadandme.（Para.2）

Meaning:

WhenIamwelcomingyoutothisuniversity,somethingIrememberismyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotomymomtookofmydadandme.

3Letmesharewithyousomethingthatyoumaynotexpect.Youwillmissyouroldroutinesandyourparents'reminderstoworkhardandattainyourbest.Youmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithhighschool,andyourparentsmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithdoingyourlaundry!

Butknowthis:

Thefutureisbuiltonastrongfoundationofthepast.

让我来告诉你们一些你们未必预料得到的事情。

你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯，怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。

你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣，你们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣！

但是要记住：

未来是建立在过去扎实的基础上的。

Wordsandphrase

1.routinen[C,U]fixedandregularwayofdoingthings程序;公事;常规:

Shefounditdifficulttoestablishanewroutineafterretirement.

dosthasamatterofroutine按常规办事

[attrib作定语]routinetasks,chores,duties,etc日常工作﹑日常事务﹑例行职责.

[C]setsequenceofmovementsinadanceorsomeotherperformance舞蹈等表演的成套动作:

gothroughadanceroutine做一套舞蹈动作.

routineadjusual;habitual;regular通常的;惯例的;例行的:

theroutineprocedure例行手续*

routinemaintenance定期的保养*

routinelyadv.

2.attainv[Tn]succeedingetting（sth）;achieve

attainapositionofpower获得权位

attainone'sgoal,objective,ambition,etc

attainourtargetof50000达到我们的50000英镑的目标.

attainableadjthatcanbeattained

Theseobjectivesarecertainlyattainable.

attainmentn[U]successinreaching达到;到达:

Theattainmentofherambitionswasstilladream.她要实现抱负仍是一种梦想.

[Cusupl]thingattained,espskillorknowledge成就;造诣:

ascholarofthehighestattainments造诣极高的学者.

3.finishedadj[pred]（notbeforenoun）nolongerdoing,dealingwith,orusingsth.

~（withsb/sth）（infml口）

Iwon'tbefinishedforanotherhour.我还有一个小时才能完事.

Areyoufinishedwithmytoolsyet?

我的工具你用完了吗？

Shedecidedshewasfinishedwithworkingforothers.她决定不再为别人做事.

4.mayhavedonesth.:

usedfortalkingaboutpastpossibilities

Shemighthavechangedhermindanddecidednottocome.

5.foundationn

[U]actoffounding（aninstitution,organization,etc）建立,创立,创办:

thefoundationoftheuniversity

[C]（a）（organizationsetuptoprovide）sumsofmoneyforresearch,charity,etc（为研究﹑慈善事业等提供的）基金,基金会:

Youmaybeabletogetsupportfromanartsfoundation.

[Cusupl]layerofbricks,concrete,etcformingthesolidbaseofabuildingunderground地基;房基;基础:

laythefoundationsofabuilding给建筑物奠基

[C,U]principle,ideaorfactonwhichsthisbased;basis（作为某事的）基本原则﹑思想或事实;基础:

laythefoundationsofone'scareer奠定个人事业的基础*

Thatrumorhasnofoundation.那谣言没有事实根据.

Grammar

一、情态动词用于对现在内容推测的常见句型有：

1、Can/maydosth：

表示对现在内容的可能性的推测；

2、Mustdosth：

表示对现在内容的肯定性的推测。

二、情态动词用于对过去内容推荐的常见句型：

1、can/mayhavedonesth：

表示对过去内容的可能性；

2、musthavedonesth：

表示对过去内容的肯定性的推测。

例：

Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadiswet.

Hemayhavegotlost.

MrGreenmusthavefailedtoreceivemyletter,otherwisehewouldhavereplied.

Ibelievehemusthavehadanaccident,otherwisehewouldhavearrivedontime.

Collocationnote:

1．do是最常见的表示“做”的动词。

e.g.TodayIhavealotofworktodo.

2．do常常和表示锻炼或劳动等方面的名词或动名词连用。

e.g.dophysicalexercise/thedishes/one’scooking

Paraphrase

1.Youwillmissyouroldroutinesandyourparents’reminderstoworkhardandattainyourbest.（Para.3）

Meaning:

Youwillmissyourusuallifepatternsandyourparents’remindingwordsthatyoushouldworkhardandachievethebestyoucan.

2.Youmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithhighschool,andyourparentsmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithdoingyourlaundry!

（Para.3）

Meaning:

Perhapsyouweresohappythatyoucriedbecauseatlastyoufinishedhighschool,andperhapsyourparentsweresohappythattheycriedbecauseeventuallytheywouldn’thavetodoyourlaundryanymore!

Note:

Payattentiontothehumorthepresidentcreatesbycontrastingthedifferentresponsesfromchildrenandtheirparents—theyallcried,butfordifferentreasons!

3.Butknowthis:

Thefutureisbuiltonastrongfoundationofthepast.（Para.3）

Meaning:

Butyoushouldknowthatyourfuturecanonlybeattainedwhenitisbuiltonasolidpast.

4Foryou,thesenextfouryearswillbeatimeunlikeanyother.Hereyouaresurroundedbygreatresources:

interestingstudentsfromalloverthecountry,alearnedandcaringfaculty,acomprehensivelibrary,greatsportsfacilities,andstudentorganizationscoveringeverypossibleinterest—fromtheartstoscience,tocommunityserviceandsoon.Youwillhavethefreedomtoexploreandlearnaboutnewsubjects.Youwilllearntogetbyonverylittlesleep,meetfascinatingpeople,andpursuenewpassions.Iwanttoencourageyoutomakethemostofthisuniqueexperience,andtouseyourenergyandenthusiasmtoreapthebenefitsofthisopportunity.

对你们而言，