英语专业四级阅读理解真题及答案.docx

英语专业四级阅读理解真题及答案.docx

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英语专业四级阅读理解真题及答案

2013年英语专业四级阅读理解真题及答案

PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION[25MIN]

　　Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.

　　MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheetTwo.

　　TEXTA

　　TheartofpublicspeakingbeganinancientGreeceover2,000yearsago.Now,twitter,instantmessaging,e-mail,blogsandchatforumsofferrivalapproachestocommunication—butnonecanreplacetheroleofagreatspeech.

　　Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions:

persuadingorinspiring,informing,payingtribute,entertaining,orsimplyintroducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething.

　　Overthepastyear,thehumanvoicehashelpedguideusovertheupsanddownsofwhatwascertainlyastormytime.

　　Persuasionisusedindealingwithorreconcilingdifferentpointsofview.WhentheleadersmetinCopenhageninDecember2009,persuasivewordsfromactivistsencouragedthemtocommitthemselvestofirmeraction.

　　Inspirationalspeechesconfronttheemotions.Theyfocusontopicsandmattersthatareclosetopeople''shearts.Duringwars,generalsusedinspiringspeechestopreparethetroopsforbattle.

　　Aspeechthatconveysknowledgeandenhancesunderstandingcaninformus.Theinformationmustbeclear,accurate,andexpressedinameaningfulandinterestingway.WhentheH1N1pandemic（流行病）wasannounced,theideaof“swineflu”（猪流感）scaredmanypeople.InformativespeechesfromWorldHealthOrganizationofficialshelpedpeopletokeeptheirpanicundercontrolsotheycouldtakesensibleprecautions.

　　Sadeventsarenevereasytodealwithbutaspeechthatpaystributetothelossofalovedoneandgivespraisefortheircontributioncanbecomforting.Madonna''sspeechaboutMichaelJackson,afterhisdeath,highlightedthefactthathewillcontinuetoliveonthroughhismusic.

　　It''snotonlyinworldforumswherepublicspeakingplaysanimportantrole.Itcanalsobesurprisinglyhelpfulinthecourseofourownlives.

　　Ifyou’retakingpartinadebateyouneedtopersuadethelistenersofthesoundnessofyourargument.Insports,athletesknowtheimportanceofapeptalk（鼓舞士气的讲话）beforeamatchtoinspireteammates.Youyourselfmaybeaskedtodoapresentationatcollegeorworktoinformtheothersaboutanareaofvitalimportance.

　　Onamorepersonallevel,afriendmaybeupsetandneedcomforting.Oryoumightbeaskedtointroduceaspeakeratafamilyeventortospeakatawedding,whereyourlanguagewillbeneededtomovepeopleormakethemlaugh.

　　Greatspeakingabilityisnotsomethingwe''rebornwith.EvenBarackObamaworkshardtoperfecteveryspeech.Forabrilliantspeech,therearerulesthatyoucanputtogooduse.Tolearnthoserulesyouhavetopracticeandlearnfromsomeoutstandingspeechesinthepast.

　　81.Theauthorthinksthespokenwordisstillirreplaceablebecause

　　A.ithasalwaysbeenusedtoinspireorpersuadepeople.

　　B.ithasabigroletoplayintheentertainmentbusiness.

　　C.itplaysimportantrolesinhumancommunication.

　　D.itisofgreatuseineveryday-lifecontext.

　　82.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTabouttheroleofpublicspeaking?

　　A.Speechesatworldforumscanleadtoeffectivesolutionstoworldproblems.

　　B.Speechesfrommedicalauthoritiescancalmpeopledownintimesofpandemics.

　　C.Themoraleofsoldiersbeforeabattlecanbeboostedbyseniorofficers''speeches.

　　D.Speechespayingtributetothedeadcancomfortthemourners.

　　83.PublicspeakingcanplayallthefollowingrolesEXCEPT

　　A.toconvincepeopleinadebate.

　　B.toinformpeopleatapresentation.

　　C.toadvisepeopleatwork.

　　D.toentertainpeopleatawedding.

　　84.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheauthor''sviewon“greatspeakingability”?

　　A.Itcomesfromobservingrules.

　　B.Itcanbeperfectedwitheasyeffort.

　　C.Itcanbeacquiredfrombirth.

　　D.Itcomesfromlearningandpractice.

　　85.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

　　A.Publicspeakingininternationalforums.

　　B.Themanyusesofpublicspeaking.

　　C.Publicspeakingindailylifecontext.

　　D.Therulesofpublicspeaking.

　　TEXTB

　　Everybusinessneedstwothings,saysSkullcandyCEORickAlden:

inspirationanddesperation.In2001,Aldenhadboth.He''dsoldtwosnowboardingbusinesses,andhewasdesperatelybored.Buthehadanidea:

Hewantedtomakeanewkindofheadphone.

　　“Ikeptseeingpeoplemissingtheircellphonecallsbecausetheywerelisteningtomusic,”heexplains.ThenI''minachairlift（索道）,I''vegotmyheadphoneson,andIrealizemyphoneisringing.As1takemyglovesoffandreachformyphone,Ithink,“Itcan''tbethattoughtomakeheadphoneswithtwoplugs,oneformusicandoneforyourcellphone.”Aldendescribedwhathewantedtoadesigner,perfectedaprototype,andoutsourced（外包）manufacturingoverseas.

　　Aldenthenstarteddesigningheadphonesintohelmets,backpacks-anywherethatwouldmakeiteasytolistentomusicwhilesnowboarding.“Sellingintoboardandskateshopswasn''tabigresearcheffort,”heexplains.“ThoseweretheonlyguysIknew!

”

　　Aldendidn’twanttobeamanufacturer.Andbyoutsourcing,he''dhopedhecouldgetthebusinessoffthegroundwithoutdebt.Buthewaswrong.Soheaskedhiswife,“CanIputamortgage（抵押贷款）onthehouse?

Shesaid,‘Whatistheworstthingthatcanhappen?

Welosethehouse,wesellourcars,andwestartalloveragain.’Idefinitelymarriedtherightwoman!

”

　　Forthenexttwoyears,Aldenjuggledmortgagepaymentsandpaymentstohismanufacturers.“Factorieswon''tshipyourproducttilltheygetpaid,”hesays.“Butittakesfourorfivemonthstogetamortgagecompanysoupsetthattheyknockonyourdoor.Sowepaidthefactoryfirst.”

　　Gradually,non-snowboardersbegantonoticethecolorfulheadphones.In2006,thecompanystartedsellingthemin1,400FYE（ForYourEntertainment）stores.“WeknewthatnineoutoftenpeoplewalkingintothatstorewouldbelearningaboutSkullcandyforthefirsttime.Whywouldtheylookatbrandstheyknewandtakehomeanewbrandinstead?

Wehadagreedtobuybackanythingwedidn’tsell,butweweredealingwithhugenumbers.It’dkillustotakebackalltheproducts.”

　　Alden’sfearsfadedasSkullcandybecametheNo.1headphonesellerinthosestoresandtripleditsrevenueto$120millioninoneyear.Hiskeyinsightwasthatheadphonesweren’tgadgets;theywereafashionaccessory.“Inthebeginning,”hesays,“thatlittlewhitewirethatsaidyouhadaniPod—thatwascool.Butnowwearingthewhitebudmeansyou’rejustlikeeveryoneelse.Headphonesoccupythiscriticalpieceofcranialrealestateandarehighlyvisible.”

　　Today,SkullcandyisAmerica''ssecond-largestheadphonesupplier,afterSony.With79employees,thecompanyisbiggerthanAldeneverimagined.

　　86.Aldencameupwiththeideaofanewkindofheadphonebecausehe

　　A.wasnolongerinsnowboardingbusiness.

　　B.hadnootherbusinessopportunities.

　　C.wasveryfondofmodernmusic.

　　D.sawaninconvenienceamongmobileusers.

　　87.Thenewheadphonewasoriginallydesignedfor

　　A.snowboarders.

　　B.motorcyclists.

　　C.mountainhikers.

　　D.marathonrunners.

　　88.DidAldensolvethemoneyproblem?

　　A.Hesoldhishouseandhiscars.

　　B.Factoriescouldshipproductsbeforebeingpaid.

　　C.Heborrowedmoneyfromamortgagecompany.

　　D.Heborrowedmoneyfromhiswife''sfamily.

　　89.WhatdidAldendotopromotesalesinFYEstores?

　　A.Hespentmoremoneyonproductadvertising.

　　B.Hepromisedtobuybackproductsnotsold.

　　C.Heagreedtosellproductsatadiscount.

　　D.Heimprovedthecolourdesignoftheproduct.

　　90.Aldenseesheadphonesas

　　A.asignofself-confidence.

　　B.asymbolofstatus.

　　C.partoffashion.

　　D.akindofdevice.

　　TEXTC

　　IwasstandinginmykitchenwonderingwhattohaveforlunchwhenmyfriendTajcalled.

　　“Sitdown,”shesaid.

　　Ithoughtshewasgoingtotellmeshehadjustgottenthehaircutfromhell.Ilaughedandsaid,“Itcan''tbethatbad.”

　　Butitwas.Beforethephonecall,Ihad30yearsofretirementsavingina“safe”fundwithabrilliantfinancialguru（金融大亨）.WhenIputdownthephone,mysavingsweregone.IfeltasifIhaddiedand,forsomeunknownreason,wasstillbreathing.

　　SinceBernieMadoff’sarrestonchargesofrunninga$65millionPonzischeme,I’vereadmanyarticlesabouthowweinvestorsshouldhaveknownwhatwasgoingon.IwishIcouldsayIhadreservationsaboutMadoffbefore“theCall”,butIdidnot.

　　OnNewYear’sEve,threeweeksafterwelostoursavings,sixofusMadoffpeoplegatheredatTaj''shousefordinner.Asweweresittingaroundthetable,someoneasked,“Ifyoucouldhaveyourmoneybackrightnow,butitwouldmeangivingupwhatyouhavelearnedbylosingit,wouldyoutakethemoneyorwouldyoutakewhatlosingthemoneyhasgivenyou?

”

　　Myhusbandwasstillinfinancialshock.Hesaid,“Ijustwantthemoneyback.”Iwasn''tcertainwhereIstood.Iknewthatlosingourmoneyhadcrackedmewideopen.I’dbeenwalkingaroundlikewhattheBuddhistscallahungryghost:

alwaysfocusedonthebitethatwasyettocome,nottheoneinmymouth.NomatterhowmuchIateorhadorexperienced,itdidn’tsatisfyme,becauseIwasn’treallytakingitin,wasn''tabsorbingit.NowIwasforcedtopayattention.Still,Icouldn''thonestlysaythatifsomeonehadofferedmethemoneyback,Iwouldturnitdown.

　　Buttheotherfourallsaidthatwhattheywereseeingaboutthemselveswasincalculable,andtheydidn’tthinkitwouldhavebecom