度考研英语一真题与答案解析.docx

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度考研英语一真题与答案解析

2016考研英语

(一)真题及参考答案

2015年12月28日

SectionI UseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

  InCambodiathechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoungmale.Itmayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhisfriends,1thoseoftheyoungwomen,butalsoamatchmaker.Ayoungmancan2alikelyspouseonhisownandthemaskhisparentsto3themarriagenegotiations.ortheyoungman’sparentsmaymakethechoiceofaspouse,givingthechildlittletosayintheselection.4,agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechosen.5aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying 6agoodfamily.

  Thetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffair.Formerlyitlastedthreedays7 bythe1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalf.Buddhistpriestsofferashortsermonand8prayersofblessing.Partsoftheceremonyinvolveritualhaircutting, 9cottonthreadssoakedinholywateraroundthebride’sandgroom’swrists,and10acandlearoundacircleofhappilymarriedandrespectedcouplestoblessthe11.Newlywedstraditionallymoveinwiththewife’sparentsandmay12withthemuptoayear,13theycanbuildaflewhousenearby.

  Divorceislegalandeasyto14,butnotcommon.Divorcedpersonsare15withsome disapproval.Eachspouseretains16propertyheorshe17intothemarriage,andjointly–acquiredpropertyis18equally.Divorcedpersonsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice19up.Thedivorcedmaledoesn’thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecanremarry20thewomanmustwaitthemonths.

1.[A]bywayof   [B]aswellas   [C]onbehalfof   [D]withregardto

2.[A]adaptto   [B]providefor   [C]competewith   [D]decideon

3.[A]close   [B]renew   [C]arrange   [D]postpone

4.[A]Intheory   [B]Aboveall   [C]Intime   [D]Forexample

5.[A]Although   [B]Lest   [C]After   [D]Unless

6.[A]into   [B]within   [C]from   [D]through

7.[A]sine   [B]or   [C]but   [D]so

8.[A]test   [B]copy   [C]recite   [D]create

9.[A]folding   [B]piling   [C]wrapping   [D]tying

10.[A]lighting   [B]passing   [C]hiding   [D]serving

11.[A]meeting   [B]association   [C]collection   [D]union

12.[A]grow   [B]part   [C]deal   [D]live

13.[A]whereas   [B]until   [C]for   [D]if

14.[A]obtain   [B]follow   [C]challenge   [D]avoid

15.[A]isolated   [B]persuaded   [C]viewed   [D]exposed

16.[A]wherever   [B]however   [C]whenever   [D]whatever

17.[A]changed   [B]brought   [C]shaped   [D]pushed

18.[A]divided   [B]invested   [C]donated   [D]withdrawn

19.[A]clears   [B]warms   [C]shows   [D]breaks

20.[A]while   [B]sowhat   [C]once   [D]inthat

SectionII ReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)

Text1

  France,whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwoman.Itslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrimetoemployultra-thinmodelsonrunways.

  Theparliamentalsoagreedtobanwebsitesthat“inciteexcessivethinness”bypromotingextremedieting.

  Suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives.Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupwithimpingingonhealth.That’sastart.Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarringthemselvestohealth–assomehavedone.Ittellsthefashionindustrythatitmovetakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthesocialtape–measuretheymustuseto determinetheirindividualworth.

  Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowoman(andmanymen)thattheyshouldnotletothersbeorbitersoftheirbeauty.Andperhapsfaintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthandietingtheirwaytosinezeroorwasp-waistphysiques.

  TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showing.Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexofbodymesscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.

  Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentandidealizedbodytypes.InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafewothercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardformodelsandfashionimagesthererelymoreonpearpressureforenforcement.

  IncontrasttoFrance’sactions,Denmark’sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingage,health,andothercharacteristicsofmodels.ThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalcharterclearlystates,weareawareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbodyideals,especiallyonyoungpeople.Thecharter’smaintollofenforcementistodenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagen.Fashionweek,whichismenbytheDanishFashionInstitute.Butingeneralitreliesonaname-and-shamemethodofcompliance.

  Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyidealsmaybethebeststep.Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry.

21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwouldhappeninFrance?

 [A]Physicalbeautywouldberedefined

 [B]Newrunwayswouldbeconstructed

 [C]Websitesaboutdietingwouldthrive

 [D]Thefashionindustrywoulddecline

22.Thephrase“impingingon”(Line2Para2)isclosestinmeaningto

 [A]heighteningthevalueof

 [B]indicatingthestateof

 [C]losingfaithin

 [D]doingharmto

23.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry

 [A]TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailed

 [B]NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmark

 [C]Modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressure

 [D]Itsinherentproblemsaregettingworse

24.AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor

 [A]settingperfectphysicalconditions

 [B]caringtoomuchaboutmodels’character

 [C]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors

 [D]pursuingahighagethresholdformodels

25.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?

 [A]AchallengetotheFashionIndustry’sBodyIdeals

 [B]ADilemmaforthestarvingmodelsinFrance

 [C]JustAnotherRoundofstruggleforbeauty

[D]TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry

Text2

  Forthefirsttimeinthehistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountry.InBritainthishashadacuriousresult.WhilepollsshowBritonsrate“thecountryside”alongsidetheroyalfamily.ShakespeareandtheNationalHealthService(NHS)aswhatmakethemproudestoftheircountry,thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport.

  AcenturyagoOctaviaHilllaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylishhousesbuttosave“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever”.Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycouldexperience“arefreshingair”.Hill’spressurelaterledtothecreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts.Theydon’tmakecountrysideanymore,andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit.Itneedsconstantguardianship.

  Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment.TheConservatives’planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityoverconservation,

  evenauthorizing“off–plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment.TheLiberalDemocratsaresilentonlyu  sensingitschance,hassideswiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenland.ItscampaigntoprotectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalconservativeparties.   

  Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhousesfactoriesandofficesiswherepeopleareincitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplace.TheLondonagentsStirlingAckroyedrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfofmillionhousesintheLandonareaalonewithnointrusionongreenbelts.WhatistrueofLondoniseventrueroftheprovinces.Theideathat“housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways,wheretoputthemunderlobbypressure,GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewal.Hefavoursout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthighstreets.Thisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedone.Ruraltownsandvillageshavegrownandwillalwaysgrow.Theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheircharacter.Wedonotruinurbanconservationareas.Whyruinruralones?

  Developmentshouldbeplanned,notlettrip,AftertheNetherlands,BritainisEurope’smostcrowedcountry.Halfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenableittoretainanenviableruralcoherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanliving.Thereisnodoubtofthealternative-thecorruptedlandscapesofsouthernPortugal,SpainorIreland.Avoidingthisratherthanpromotingitshouldunitetheleftandrightofthepoliticalspectrum.

26.Britain’spublicsentimentaboutthecountryside

 [A]isnotwellreflectedinpolitics

 [B]isfullybackedbytheroyalfamily

 [C]didn’tstar

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