山东省春季高考专用语法汇总考前必备.docx
《山东省春季高考专用语法汇总考前必备.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《山东省春季高考专用语法汇总考前必备.docx(26页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
![山东省春季高考专用语法汇总考前必备.docx](https://file1.bingdoc.com/fileroot1/2023-5/23/1aa30b39-63d6-4382-aef8-05fae37928a9/1aa30b39-63d6-4382-aef8-05fae37928a91.gif)
山东省春季高考专用语法汇总考前必备
1.
建议
1)suggest(v.)/suggestion(n.)建议→可数名词(suggestions)
a)suggestdoingsth
b)suggestthat+从句(主语+(should)+动词原形)
Hesuggestedthatwe(should)leave.
2)advise(v.)/advice(n.)建议
→不可数名词(apieceofadvice)
a)advisesb.todosth
b)advisedoingsth
*Whatausefulsuggestionitis!
Whatusefuladviceitis!
2.想要干什么
1)wanttodo
2)wouldliketodo
3)feellikedoingsth
3.就近原则
1)either…or…或者…或者…EitherTomorhisparents_are__(be)athome.
2)neither…nor…既不…也不…NeitherJimnorI_am__(be)astudent.
3)notonly…butalso…不但…而且…
4)Therebe+名词(单/复)Thereis___(be)apen,twobooksandthreepencilsonthedesk.
4.就远原则
1)Awith/togetherwith/alongwith/aswellas(和)B+谓语
2)A+except/besides/but(除了)including(包括)+B
3)A+ratherthan(而不是)+B
Tomwithhisparentsalways_goes___(go)totheparkonSundays.
5.主将从现
1)时间状语从句:
when,once,assoonas,not…until,
2)条件状语从句:
if,unless,aslongas
主句也可以是祈使句或者含有情态动词。
Wewillgototheparkifitdoesn’traintomorrow.
Don’tgetoffthebusuntilitstops(stop).
6.感叹句
What+(a/an)+adj.+n.+(主+谓+其他)What+n.+主谓!
How+adj./adv.+(主+谓+其他)
1)Whatafinedayitis!
What_an___honsetboyheis!
2)Whatfineweatheritis!
How____cleverthegirlis!
3)Howdeliciousittastes!
4)Howcarefullyshewrites!
7.名词所有格
1)单数名词:
加’s
thegirl’s…;theboss’s…
复数名词:
以s结尾加’thegirls’…
不以s结尾加’schildren’s…Children’sDayTeachers’Day
2)共有:
最后一个名词加’s
LucyandLily’smother
各自拥有:
分别加’s
Lucy’sandLily’smothers
3)常考的所有格
a)afriendofmyfather’s
afriendofmine
(双重所有格)
b)10minutes’walk=10-minutewalkthreedays’holiday=athree-dayholiday
c)Children’sDay,Women’sDay
8.她是一个8岁的女孩。
Sheisaneight-year-oldgirl.数词+量词作定语
那个女孩8岁了。
Thegirliseightyearsold.
9.提建议的句型:
1)Let’sdo…
2)What/Howaboutdoing…?
3)Whynotdo…?
Whynotgoforawalk?
=Whydon’tyougoforawalk?
=Whydon’tyoudo…?
4)Shallwedo…?
5)Wouldyouliketodo…?
6)You’dbetter(not)do…You’dbetternotsmoke___(notsmoke)here.
肯定回答:
Goodidea!
/That’sagoodidea.
(That)soundsgood.
否定回答:
I’dloveto,but…
Sorry,I’mafraidIcan’t.
10.hadbetter(not)dosth最好(不)干某事
11.The+姓氏的复数(某某一家人);
The+adj.形容词(某类人)
*作主语,谓语动词用复数
TheBlacks_are_(be)watchingTVnow.
Theold/theyoung/thepoor/therich...
12.use用法
1)usedtodo过去常常Heusedtogotoschoolbybike,butnowheisuesdtowalkingtoschool.
2)be/getusedtodoing习惯于
3)beusedtodo(被动)Knivesareusedtocutthings./Knivesareusedforcuttingthings.
=beusedfordoing被用来做
13.问某人怎么了:
What’swrongwithsb.?
=What’sthematterwithsb.?
=What’sthetroublewithsb.?
14.问天气:
What’stheweatherliketoday?
=Howistheweathertoday?
15.问看法:
Whatdoyouthinkof…?
=Howdoyoulike…?
16.问长相:
Whatdoeshelooklike?
主要是提问长相
=Whatishelike?
既可以提问长相,又可以提问品质。
----____________?
----Heistallandoutgoing.
17.问工作:
What’shisjob?
=Whatishe?
=Whatdoeshedo?
18.问时间:
1)几点
Whattimeisit?
=What’sthetime?
---It’s7:
00.
2)周几
Whatdayisittoday?
=What’sthedaytoday?
---It’sSunday.
3)日期
Whatdateisittoday?
=What’sthedatetoday?
---It’sMay1st(Maythefirst)./thefirstofMay.
19.问路:
Couldyoutellme_______
1)wheretheshopis?
2)howIcangettotheshop?
3)howtogettotheshop?
4)thewaytotheshop?
20.花费(时间、钱)spend/pay/cost/take
1)人spend时间/钱onsth/Tomspent300yuanonthebike.
人spend时间/钱(in)doingsth
Tomspendsonehour(in)doinghomeworkeveryday.
2)人pay钱for物Tompaid300yuanforthebike.
3)物/Itcostssb.钱todosthThebikecostTom300yuan.
4)Ittakessb.时间todosthIttakesTomonehourtodohishomeworkeveryday.
*过去式:
spent,paid,cost,took
21.情态动词(+动词原形)1.后跟动词原形2.变疑问句可直接提前,否定句直接加not。
3.无人称和数的变化
1)Can…?
Yes,…can./No,…can’t.
2)May…?
MayIparkthecarhere?
Yes,…may/can.
No,…can’t/mustn’t.
3)Need/Must…?
MustIcleantheroomnow?
---Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.
Yes,…must.*mustn’t是禁止,不准
No,…needn’t/don’thaveto.
4)表示推测(must+动词原形表肯定推测。
(一定是),may或许,可能,can’t(一定不是))
5)oughttodo=should应该
6)need
情态动词:
needdo实意动词:
needtodo
如何判断need是情态动词还是实意动词?
Tomneeds_toclean___(clean)theroom.
Tomneedn’t_clean__(clean)theroom.
Tomdoesn’tneed___toclean(clean)theroom.
needdoing=needtobedone表被动Thisroomneeds_cleaning/tobecleaned___(clean).
22.leave/forget
1)leave:
v.离开:
leavefor动身去某地:
HeisleavingforShanghaitomorrow.
v.遗忘:
leavesth.+介词+地点
leavemywalletonthebus
*forget表示遗忘时不能与表示地点的词语连用(forgettodo)
v.使…处于(某种状态):
leavesth./sb.+adj.
Leavethewindowsopen.
n.假期:
twodays’leave=two-dayleave
=twodaysoff
2)forget:
forgettodosth忘记去做某事
forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事
23.Therebe将来时
Therebegoingtobe=TherewillbeThereisgoingtobe/willbeafilminourschoolnextweek.
Thereisgoingtobeafootballmatch
Therewillbeafootballmatch.
24.强调句
do/did/does+动词原形
Ididreturnthemoneytoyouyesterday.TomdoeslikeEnglish.Dogetupearly.
Wedohopethatyouwilljoinus.
*强调句型:
It+be+被强调部分+that/who(强调部分是人并且作主语时)+其他部分
ItisintheparkthatImetJimyesterday.
25.Look
lookup抬头看,查阅(字典)动词+副词词组lookthewordsup/lookupthewords*lookthemup
lookover检查(身体)lookafter照顾
lookout小心lookfor寻找
lookthrough浏览lookforwardto+doing期盼
26.put
putoff推迟puton穿上
putup举起,张贴putout熄灭
27.Thanksto幸亏,由于Thankstoyourhelp,wegotthereontime.
Thanksfor感谢Thanksforyourhelp./Thanksforhelpingme.
28.help(v.)helpful(adj.)有帮助的helpless(adj.)无助的
1)helpsb.(to)dosth.Healwayshelpsme(do)housework.帮助某人做某事
2)helpsb.withsth.HeAlwayshelpsmewithmyEnglish.
在某方面帮助某人
3)withthehelpof
在某人的帮助之下Withthehelpoftheteacher/withtheteacher’shelp,heworkedouttheproblem.
4)helponeselfto随便吃
5)can’thelpdoing禁不住做某事
6)behelpfultosb.对某人有益处
29.帮助某人
helpsb.=givesb.ahand=dosb.afavor
30.make用法
1)makesb.dosth.(主动)
sb.bemadetodo(被动)
2)makeoneselfdone(understood/heard)
makesth.done
3)make+n.+adj.
4)短语
bemadeinto被用来制成
bemadein在某地制造
bemadeupof由…组成
bemadeof由…制成(能看出)
bemadefrom由…制成(看不出)
31.see/hear
1)see/hearsbdo
see/hearsbdoing
2)sb.beseen/heardtodosth
sb.beseen/hearddoingsth
32.Ithink/believe/findit+adj.todo
Itis+adj.+for/ofsb.todo
*adj.修饰事物用for,necessary/important/interesting等。
adj.修饰人的性格品质用of,careful/polite/kind/clever/foolish.
33.If双重身份
1)“是否”(宾语从句):
Iwonderifhewillcometomorrow.
2)“如果”(条件状语从句):
Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillstayathome.(主将从现)
34.Withpleasure.乐意效劳(回答对方的请求)
(It’s)mypleasure.我的荣幸(回答对方的感谢)
35.倒装句
So(肯定句)/Neither(否定句)+助V+主.
1)---Ihaveneverbeenlateforschool.
---NeitherhaveI.
2)---Ihavebeenlateforschool.
---SohaveI.
36.though/although和but不能连用
because和so不能连用
37.hundred/thousand/million/billion
与数字连用,不加s:
fivehundred
与of连用,加s:
hundredsof
数字和of不能同时使用,特殊情况除外:
(Twohundredofthesestudentsareboys.)
38.反义疑问句
1)前肯后否:
Heisateacher,isn’the?
前否后肯:
Heisn’tlateforschool,ishe?
回答要根据事实:
---Heisn’tateacher,ishe?
---No,heisn’t.Heisadoctor.
---Yes,heis.Hehastaughtusforfiveyears.
2)Let’s…,shallwe?
Letus…,willyou?
祈使句,willyou?
3)反义疑问句前的否定词:
hardly/never/seldom/little/few/not/no/nothing
Shehasneverbeenlateforschool,hasshe?
39.干某事有困难/麻烦havedifficulty(in)doing=havetrouble(in)doing
40.so…that/such…that
1)so+adj./adv.+that
2)so+many/much/few/little+n.+that
3)such+(a/an)+adj.+n.单+that
=so+adj.+a/an+n.单+that
4)such+adj.+n.复/不可数名词+that
41.比较级
The+比较级,the+比较级
比较级and比较级
1)Themorecarefullyyouwrite,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.
2)worseandworse
3)moreandmorepopular
42.Sheistheyoungerofthetwo.
=Sheisyoungerthanme.
43.不规则adj./adv.变比较级和最高级
1)good/well-better-best
2)little-less-least
3)many/much-more–most
4)bad/badly/ill-worse-worst
5)far-farther–farthest(距离)
far-further-furthest(程度)
6)old-older–oldest(新旧)
old-elder-eldest(长幼)
44.修饰比较级:
much/even/far/any/alot/alittle/abit
修饰原级:
very/so/quite/too/enough
45.by+交通工具:
bybus/bike/plane
take+a+交通工具:
takeabus
onfoot步行
46.四个“让”let/make/havesb.dosth.
getsb.todosth.
47.bepleased/happy/satisfiedwith
对…满意
48.inone’stwenties/thirties/forties
在某人二十/三十/四十多岁
inthe1990s/1990’s在二十世纪九十年代
attheageof20在二十岁
49.putoff推迟takeoff脱下,起飞
setoff动身,使爆炸stayup熬夜
giveup放弃
50.adj./adv.+enoughtodo能够做
too+adj./adv.+todo太…而不能
Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.
Heistooyoungtogotoschool.
*enough:
名词前,形副后
51.为了,以便
inordertodo(句首,句中)
soastodo(句中)
inorderthat从句=sothat从句
52.形容价格price,speed:
high/low
形容东西:
expensive/cheap
形容population:
large/small
(人口是大小,人们是多少;价格是高低,东西是贵贱;速度是高低,车辆是快慢。
)
53.including+n.=n.+included包括
1)Tenstudentswillbepresentatthemeeting,includingyou.
2)Tenstudentswillbepresentatthemeeting,youincluded.
54.What’sthepopulationofChina?
What’sthepriceofit?
What’stherateforit?
55.any+n.单/anyother+n.单
1)ChinaislargerthananycountryinAfrica(非洲).范围外
2)ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia(亚洲).范围内
56.alone/lonely
1)alone可以作形容词,也可以作副词“独自的(地),单独的(地)”
2)lonely只可以作形容词,修饰人时指心灵上“孤独的”
Heis/livesalone,buthedoesn’tfeellonely.
57.Thenumberof+n.复+v.单…数量
Anumberof+n.复+v.复许多
Thenumberofstudentsis2000.
Anumberofapplesarered.
58.客观真理
Theteachertoldus________.
1)theearthtravelsaroundthesun.
2)lighttravelsfasterthansound.
3)thesunrisesintheeast.
59.想要某物和想要做某事
1)Wouldyoulikesth.?
Yes,please./No,thanks.
2)Wouldyouliketodosth.?
Yes,I’dlike/loveto.
Sorry,I’mbusy./I’mafraidIcan’t.
60.四个“也”
1)too:
肯定句,句末,前加逗号
2)also:
肯定句,句中
3)either:
否定句,句末
4)aswell:
肯定句,句末
61.a/an+名词
1)ausefulbook/uniform/university/European
2)anhour/h