政治教学论文英语.docx

政治教学论文英语.docx

《政治教学论文英语.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《政治教学论文英语.docx（15页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

政治教学论文英语

Introduction

Inthepasttenyears,numerousChinesescholarshavedevotedtheirtimetostudyingvocabulary.Manypapersthattheywrotearerelatedtovocabularyalot.Thosescholarswhostudyvocabularyareconcentratingonexploringsomestrategiesonteachingvocabularyforprimaryschoolandmiddleschoolstudents.Onlyfewofthemfocusonstudyingsomestrategiesofteachingandlearningwordsinthecollege.

Manydomesticscholars,suchasYuDemin,ZhaoJun,LvMourong…etc,havewrittenmanypapersthatarerelatedtovocabulary.Theynotonlyemphasizetheimportanceofteachingandlearningvocabulary,butpresentsomestrategiesofteachingandlearningvocabulary.Foreignscholars:

EvelynHatch,CheryleBrownandD.AWilkinsalsowrotesomepapersthatareconnectedwithvocabulary.Intheirworks,Vocabulary,SemanticsandLanguageEducationandLinguisticsinLanguageTeaching,theypresentedsomestrategiesofteachingandlearningvocabularyanddistinguishedtherelationshipbetweenwords.

Althoughscholarsdidsomanyresearchesonhowtoteachandlearnvocabulary,inordertofindsomeproperstrategiestoteachandlearnvocabulary,Iwouldliketosupplementsomeofmyopinionsabouthowtoteachandlearnwordseffectivelyatcollege.

WhatIwouldliketointroduceinthispartisthedevelopmentofEnglishvocabulary:

thedevelopmentofOldEnglishandthedevelopmentofModernEnglish.InhisworkMarxismandproblemsofLinguistics,Stalinpointedoutthatvocabularyisthebuildingmaterialoflanguage.1FromthesentenceImentionedabove,EnglishlearnersneedtounderstandthatvocabularyplaysanimportantroleintheprocessoflearningEnglish.Therefore,itisnecessaryforlearnerstoacquiresomeknowledgeaboutthedevelopmentoftheEnglishvocabulary,becauseitisessentialforbothteachersandstudents.Toacquiresomeknowledgeaboutthedevelopmentofthewordswillhelpthemteachandlearnwordseffectively.

ThestudyofthedevelopmentofOldEnglishvocabularyshouldnotbeseparatedfromthegrowthoftheEnglishitself.ThehistoryofOldEnglishstartedattheconquestandsettlementoftheEnglandbytheAngles,SaxonsandJutesin450AD.ThelanguagespokenwasAnglo-Saxon.ItwasknownastheOldEnglish.TheEnglishlanguagefrom1500tonowiscalledModernEnglish.BetweenOldEnglishandModernEnglishwasMiddleEnglish.InModernEnglishperiod,thestageofdevelopmentofEnglishvocabularycouldbedividedintothreeparts:

theRenaissanceperiod（1500-1700）;attheturnofthe19thand20thcenturiesandafterWorldWarIItillnow.

Inthesetwoperiods,thewordsfromothercountries,suchasOldNorse,Latin,French,Italian,Arabic,Chinese,Japanese,African,Indian…etc,werebeginningtobeabsorbedasEnglishwords.Therefore,learningsomeknowledgeaboutthedevelopmentofEnglishvocabularyisnecessaryforcollegestudents,foritwillhelpthemlearnvocabularywell.

FromwhatIhavementionedabove,itcouldbeconcludedthatvocabularyisthebasicelementthatcollegestudentsshouldlearn,soitisimportantforbothcollegeteachersandstudentstoknowthesignificanceofteachingandlearningvocabulary.Inthefollowingpart,IwillintroducethesignificanceofteachingandlearningEnglishwordsaswellaspresentsomestrategiesofteachingandlearningEnglishvocabularytobenefitbothteachersandstudents.Inthisway,teachingvocabularyinthecollegecouldbeimprovedandstudentscouldfindaproperwaytolearnvocabularyeffectively.

1.TheDefinitionofaWord

BeforediscussingthesignificanceandsomeapproachesofteachingandlearningcollegeEnglishwords,thefirstthingthatbothcollegeteachersandstudentsneedtoknowisthedefinitionofaword.

Thedefinitionofawordhasattractedmorelinguists’attentionforcenturies.Belowarethreedifferentkindsofdefinitionofwhatawordis.OneisgivenbyfamouslinguistBloomfield.Bloomfieldmakesadifferencebetweentwotypesoflinguisticforms:

freeformsandboundforms.2Usually,freeformscoulduseonewordtoexpressitsmeaning,butsometimesitcouldexplainafullsentencebyusingoneword,whileboundwordscannot.Forinstance,theword“bravely”containsthefreeform‘brave”andboundform“-ly”.Theformer‘brave”couldbeanindependentunitoracompletesentence.（e.g.Whatkindofpersonheis?

-Brave.）Inthissentenceonlyfreeform“brave”couldexpressthemeaningofthewholesentence.However,thesuffixorboundform“-ly”couldexpressnothing.Therefore,accordingtoBloomfield,awordisaminimalfreeform.3

TheseconddefinitionisgivenbyAristole,whodefinedawordasthesmallestsignificantunitofspeech-adefinitionwhichheldswayuntilrecently.4Itusesamodernmethodtoanalyzethatanewtermneedstoimplythesmallestsignificantelementofspeech.Inmodernlinguistictheory,itisknownasamorpheme.Aristoledefinedawordisamorpheme.

ThelastoneisdefinedbyLexicology.Fromthelexicologypointofviewawordisacombinationofform（phonological）andmeaning（lexicalandgrammar）.5Moreover,awordplaysanimportantpartinsentence.6

Fromaboveall,weseethatgivingacorrectandaccuratedefinitiontoawordisdifficult,butusuallymostEnglishlearnersthinkthedefinitiongivenbyBloomfieldandLexicologyismoresuitable.

2.TheSignificanceofTeachingandLearningCollegeEnglishVocabulary

2.1TheImportanceofTeachingVocabulary

OneofmostfamouslinguistsD.AWilkinsoncesaidthat“withoutgrammarverylittlecanbeconveyed,withoutvocabularynothingcanbeconveyed.”7Fromthisfamoussaying,EnglishlearnersclearlyseethatvocabularyplaysanimportantrolewhenlearningcollegeEnglishvocabulary.Phonetics,grammarandvocabularyarethreebasicelementsofformingalanguage,butamongthem,vocabularyisthemostbasicbuildingmaterialofthelanguage,withoutvocabularythereisnolanguage.

In1990s,collegeEnglishteachingemphasizedmuchintheprocessofteachinggrammar,butnowitcentersoncultivatingthestudents’communicativecompetency.Themostvaluablethinginthisprocessisthatstudentsneedtomasternumerousvocabulary,forwithoutvocabularythecommunicationisdifficulttogoahead.Fromthispointofview,itcouldbeinferredthatteachingEnglishvocabularyisthemostimportantsegmentinthecollege.Bothteachersandstudentscanbenefitfromtheprocessofteachingwords.Itcouldhelpteachersdevelopstudents’intelligenceandcultivatethestudents’competencyofsolvingsomeproblems.Inaddition,whenteachingvocabulary,teachersneedtobepatientontheusageofvocabularyandgrammaticalformofvocabulary.

Beforeteachingvocabularytotheirstudents,teachershavetoconsiderthequestion:

“Howtoteachstudentstomasterlargevocabularyeffectively?

”Thus,teachingvocabularyistobecomeanimportantpartintheprocessofteachingEnglish.Teachingvocabularyeffectivelycouldhelpstudentsmastermorewords,communicatewithpeoplemoreconfidentlyaswellaspassexaminationeasier.

2.2TheImportanceofLearningVocabulary

Vocabularyisthebasicfactorofformingalanguage,justaswithoutbuildingmaterials,itisimpossibletobuildahugemansion.Itisquitesimilartotheformersentence,anditisimpossibletobuildthe“mansion”ofvocabularyandimprovetheleveloflearningforeignlanguagewithoutvocabulary.Therefore,itisessentialforEnglishlearnerstomasternumerouswordsandknowthesignificanceoflearningvocabulary,especiallyforcollegestudents.

Thedevelopmentofalllanguageskillsaretiedtovocabularyclosely.Theabilityofreadingisrelatedtothereadingspeedandcorrectunderstanding,forstudentscannotimprovethereadingspeedanditscorrectnesswithoutrichvocabulary.Ifyouhavenorichwords,italsowillinfluenceyourlisteningability,becauseyoucannothearorunderstandthecontentwell.Inthewritingpart,vocabularyalsoaffectstheabilityofwriting.Whenwritingacomposition,studentsneedtohaveagoodcommandofaword.

FromwhatIhavementionedabove,itcouldbeconcludedthatlearningmorevocabularyisveryimportantforcollegestudentstolearnwords.Itaffectstheabilityofreading,listeningandwriting.Learningvocabularywellcouldalsohelpstudentsimprovetheirownskillsofreading,listeningandwriting,andachievesome“fruits”fromlearningmorewords.However,studentsneedtofindaproperwaytolearnwordseffectively.

3.ExistingProblemsintheVocabularyLearning

3.1ProblemsinLearningVocabulary

Nowadays,moreandmorestudentsarefondoflearningEnglish,learningEnglishispopularinChina,butherearesomeproblemsintheprocessoflearningEnglishlanguage,especiallyinvocabularylearning.Theyare:

a.Neglectedvocabularyinthecertaincontextandseparatedvocabularyfromthecertaincontext.

b.Emphasizedmuchonspelling,butignoreditspronunciation.

c.Learnedmemorizedandconsolidatedwordsmechanicallyandcouldnotfindaproperwaytoenlargetheirvocabulary.

d.Influencedbythemothertongue.

e.Neglectedaccumulationandrevisionwordsregularly.

Duetosuchproblemsinvocabularylearning,findingsomeproperwaystosolveallproblemsisurgent.Inthefollowingpart,Iwillintroducesomestrategiestosolveproblems.

3.2StrategiesforSolvingTheseProblems

Accordingtosomeproblemsillustratedinlastpart,Iwouldliketopresentsomestrategiestosolvetheseproblems.

a.Teachingandlearningwordsinthecertaincontextwillhelpyouimprovethevocabulary.

b.Pronouncingvocabularyintheaccurateway.

c.Learning,memorizingandconsolidatingnewwordsregularly.

d.Tryingtheirbesttoforgetthemothertongue.