英美文化学习资料doc.docx

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英美文化学习资料doc

ChapterOneEnglishHistiory

LChoosetheCorrectAnswerfromEachoftheFollowing.

1.Intheyear1066,WilliamtheConquerorinvadedEnglandfromFrance,defeatingtheSaxonkingHaroldat

Ct

A.theBattleofCrecyC.theBattleofHastings

B.theBattleofAgincourtD.theBattleofWaterloo

2.OneofthefollowingdidnotlakeplaceduringtheMiddleAges.ItwasD.

A.theNormanConquestC.theHundredYearsWar

B.theCrusadesD.the"GunpowderPlot”

3.ThemostfamousoftheEnglishCrusaderswastheNormanking,A・

A.RichardLion-HeartC.KingArthur

B.KingJohnD.AlfredtheGreat

4.FormuchoftheMiddleAges,Britainwasruledbya（n）Baristocracy.

A.English-speakingC.German-speaking

B.French-speakingD.Gaelic-speaking

5.InEngland,theProtestantReformationbeganwithB・

A.KingJohnC.QueenElizabeth

B.HenryVIIID.BloodyMary

6.ShakespearelivedintheperiodofC.

A.theMiddleAgesC.theElizabethanage

B.theVictorianageD.theIndustrialRevolution

7.ThedefeatoftheSpanishArmadabytheEnglishnavytookplaceduringC・

A.theMiddleAgesC.theElizabethanage

B.the"grabforAfrica"D.theVictorianage

8.The“GunpowderPlot"tookplaceinthereignofA.

A.James1C.HenryVlll

B.Elizabeth1D.CharlesI

9.Thekingwhobelievedthe“DivineRight”togovern,andwhowascondemnedtodeathduringtheEnglishCivilWarwasC・

A.HenryVIIIC.CharlesI

B.James1D.JamesII

10.Duringthewholeoftheeighteenthcentury,England'sgreatenemywasB・

A.SpainC.America

B.FranceD.Germany

11.OneofthefollowingdidnottakeplaceduringtheeighteenthcenturyinBritishhistory.ItwasD・

A.greatvictoriesoverFranceC.thelossofherAmericancolonies

B.theIndustrialRevolutionD.the（bundingofthemodernpoliceforce

12.TheReformBillintheeighteenthcenturyinBritishhistorywasmadetoA・

A.extendthefranchiseC.encourageinventions

B.developtradeunionsD.improvesocialservices

13.OneofthefollowingwasnotacharacteristicoftheVictorianage.D

A.Itwasanageofnationaldevelopmentandnationaloptimism.

B.Itwasanageofstabilityinfamilylife.

C.Itwasanageofimperialism,

D.Itwasanageoflackofbeliefinreligion.

14.OneofthefollowingdidnottakeplacebetweenthetwoworldwarsinBritishhistory.ItwasA.

A.the"suffragette^movement

B.theindependenceofthesouthernpartofIreland

C.thegreat“slump"

D.theGeneralStrike

15.WhichofthefollowingdidnottakeplaceaftertheSecondWorldWarinBritishhistory?

C

A.TheindependenceofthecolonicsoftheoldBritishempire

B.TheavailabilityofTVsetsandcarstoalmosteveryhome

C.The“suffragette”movement

D.Thefoundingofthe"WelfareSiaie”

ILFillintheBlanks

1.TheCrusadeswereaseriesofwarsinwhicharmiesfromalloverEuropetriedtosnatchthe"''（i.e.Palestine,

whereJesusChristoncelived）fromthe.

2.InBritishhistory,thegreatrivalsoftheking'sauthorityduringtheMiddleAgeswereandthelocalchiefs,called.

3.AllthekingsoftheMiddleAgesinBritainspokeastheirmothertongue,andaftertheHundredYears'War,thelanguagetookitsplace.

4.DuringtheHundredYears'WarbetweenEnglandandFrance,EnglishbowmendefeatedtheheavilyarmedFrenchknightsinthefamousBattlesofand,andthewholeofFranceverynearlyfellintoEnglishhands.

5.Thesixteenthcenturywastheageofgreatvoyagesofdiscovery.andwerethetwogreatsailorswhostartedtheageofdiscovery.

7.ProtestantismgraduallybecamethedominantfaithinBritaininthereignof.

8.MostpeopleassociatetheElizabethanagewithtwothings.Thefirstis.Theotheris.

9.ThegreatestsailorwholedtheEnglishfleettovictoryinfightingtheSpanishArmadawas.

10.TheEnglishCivilWarresultedinthetemporaryoverthrowofthe1andthecountrybecameformorethantenyearsasortofrepublicfoundedby.

11.IntheEnglishCivilWar,the“Roundhead"s叩portedwhilethe“Cavalier"supported.

14.ThelongestreigninBritishhistorywasthemonarchofthegreatQueenVictoria,whichlastedfromtheyearto.

15.TheOriginofSpecieswaswrittenby.

17.AfterWorldWarILthefirsttwocoloniesoftheoldBritishEmpirethatbecamefreewereand.

III.Explanation

1.theHundredYears'War

（1）AwarbetweenEnglandandFrancewhichlasted,onandoff,forahundredyearsfrom1337to1453.

（2）ItwasfoughtentirelyinFrance,andthewholeofFranceverynearlyfellintoEnglishhandsinthefamousbattlesofCrecyandAgincourt.（3）Eventually,partlythroughtheinspirationofthebravegirlJoanofArc,andpartlythroughtheeffectiveuseofguns,theFrenchdrovetheEnglishfromtheirlandforgood.

2.theCatholicChurch

（1）ItreferstotheChristianchurchheadedbythePope.

（2）AllmembersofthechurchacceptthegospelofChristandtheteachingsoftheBible.AnyrevoltagainstthetraditionalChristianfaithwas“heresy.”（3）IntheMiddleAges,thePopewasextremelypowerful.（4）Inlhesixteenthcentury,someof（heactualbeliefsandpracticesoftheCatholicChurchwerequestionedbyProtestantdoctrinesandtherewasagreatdealofpersecutionbyCatholics.

3.theElizabethanage

（1）ItreferstotheperiodduringthereignofElizabeth1inBritishhistory.

（2）Itwasanageofrealliteraryachievement,especiallythatofShakespeare,and（3）itwasanageofadventureonthesea.

Answers

I•ChoosetheCorrectAnswerfromEachoftheFollowing

I.;2.;3.A;4.B;5.B;6.C;7.C;8.A;9.C;10.B;11.D;12.A;13.D;14.A;15.C

II.FillintheBlanks

1.；theMuslims

2.theChurch;barons

3.French;English

4.Crecy;Agincourt

5.Columbus;VascodaGama

7.ElizabethI

8.literature;adventureonthesea

9.SirFrancisDrake

10.monarchy;OliverCromwell

11.lheParliament;（heKing（orKingCharlesI）

14.1837;1901

15.CharlesDarwin

17.India;Pakistan

ChapterTwoBritishGovernmentSystem

LChoosetheCorrectAnswerfromEachoftheFollowing

1・QueenElizabethnis“DefenderoftheFaith”,because.

A.sheisthespiritualleaderoftheChurchofEngland

B.sheistheheadoftheChurchofEngland

C.sheisthepersonificationofthestate.

D.sheisthesymboloftheEnglishvalues.

2.Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

A.TheQueenholdsmeetingsofthePrivyCouncil.

B.TheQueenreceivesreportsofcabinetmeetingsinherweeklysessionswiththePrimeMinister.

C.TheQueenmusttakesideswhenadisputearisesintheCabinet.

D.TheQueenisinformedandconsultedoneveryaspectofnationallife.

3.Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

A.TheQueenisasymboloftheparliamentarydemocracy.

B.SheisasymbolofBritishculture.

C.SheisasymbolofEnglishtradition.

D.SheisasymbolofEnglishwayoflife.

4.WhichofthefollowingisnotapartoftheConventionsoftheconstitution?

A.ThepowersoftheCrownarcexercisedmainlybyMinisters.

B.TheQueenmustactontheadviceofMinisters.

C.MPsenjoyfreedomofspeechindebate.

D.MinistersareresponsibletoParliamentfortheiractions.

5.HowoftendoestheGeneralElectiontakeplace?

A.Atleastcvcrythreeyears.C.Atleastcvcryfiveyears.

B.Atleasteveryfouryears.D.Atleasteverysixyears.

6.Whyaresomanypartymemberselected（oParliamentineachElectioninBritain?

A.Becauseparlymembersusuallyenjoybelterreputation.

B.Becausepartymembershavemoreexperienceinformingagovernment.

C.Becausepartymembershavethebackingofnationwideorganizations.

D.Becausepeopletrustpartymemberstoagreaterdegree.

7.Theexecutivepowerisinthehandsof.

A.ParliamentC.theCabinetheadedbythePrimeMinister

B.theHouseofCommonsD.theQueen

8.TherealcentreofpowerinParliamentis・

A.theQueenC.theHouseofLords

B.theHouseofCommonsD.theCabinet

9.WhichofthefollowingisnotoneofthefunctionsthatParliamentplays?

A.Toserveasthefinalcourtofappealincivilcasesandcriminalcases.

B.Tomakelaws.

C.Tocontrolandcriticizetheexecutivegovernment.

D.Tocontroltheraisingandthespendingofmoney.

10.TherealpoweroftheBritishgovernmentliesin.

A.theHouseofCommonsC.thePrimeMinister

B.theCabinetheadedbythePrimeMinisterD.theQueen

11.WhichofthefollowingistheActthatrestrictedthepowersoftheLordsindealingwithmoney?

A.TheParliamentActof1901C.TheBillofRightsin1689

B.TheParliamentActof1911D.TheActofSettlementin1701

12.TherealpoweroftheHouseofLordsliesin.

A.helpingtopassmoneybillsC.discussingbills

B.delayingbillsD.beingSupremeCourt

13.Whichofthefollowingisnotcorrect?

A.TheSpeakerpresidesoverthemeetingsintheHouseofCommonsandseesthatprocedureisfollowed.

B.TheSpeakerhasthehighestpowerintheHouseofCommons,heusuallytakessidesandjoinsthedebates.

C.TheSpeakercontrolsthedebates,seeingthatMembersdonotstraytoofarfromthesubjectofdebate.

D.TheSpeakerinterpretstheruleofprocedureandsettlesanydisputesaslowhetherthingsarebeingproperlydone.

14.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantprivilegeenjoyedbyMPs?

A.FreedomofspeechinParliament.C.Highlivingstandards.

B.Highsocialstatus.D.Involvementinlaw-making.

15.Whichofthefollowingsentencesintrue?

A.Thetwobigpartieshavebeensuccessfulinexpandingtheirpowersoverrecentyears.

B.Thestrengthofthebigpartiesremainsunchanged.

C.MembersofthetwobigpartiesnolongerdominateParliament.

D・Thetwobigpartieshavedeclinedoverrecentyears.

ILFillintheBlanks

1.istheoldestsecularinstitutionintheUnitedKingdom.

2.AllEnglishofficialdocumentsbeartheinitialsOHMSwhichstandsfor・

3.ThehighestofallhonorsconferredbytheBritishQueeni