高考英语阅读理解强化训练3含重难点详解.docx
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高考英语阅读理解强化训练3含重难点详解
PassageOneTheonlywaytotravelisonfoot
Thepastagesofmanhaveallbeencarefullylabeledbyanthropologists.Descriptionslike‘PalaeolithicMan’,‘NeolithicMan’,etc.,neatlysumupwholeperiods.Whenthetimecomesforanthropologiststoturntheirattentiontothetwentiethcentury,theywillsurelychoosethelabel‘LeglessMan’.Historiesofthetimewillgosomethinglikethis:
‘inthetwentiethcentury,peopleforgothowtousetheirlegs.Menandwomenmovedaboutincars,busesandtrainsfromaveryearlyage.Therewereliftsandescalatorsinalllargebuildingstopreventpeoplefromwalking.Thissituationwasforceduponearthdwellersofthattimebecauseofmileseachday.Butthesurprisingthingisthattheydidn’tusetheirlegsevenwhentheywentonholiday.Theybuiltcablerailways,ski-liftsandroadstothetopofeveryhugemountain.Allthebeautyspotsonearthweremarredbythepresenceoflargecarparks.’
Thefuturehistorybooksmightalsorecordthatweweredeprivedoftheuseofoureyes.Inourhurrytogetfromoneplacetoanother,wefailedtoseeanythingontheway.Airtravelgivesyouabird’s-eyeviewoftheworld–orevenlessifthewingoftheaircrafthappenstogetinyourway.Whenyoutravelbycarortrainablurredimageofthecountrysideconstantlysmearsthewindows.Cardrivers,inparticular,areforeverobsessedwiththeurgetogoonandon:
theyneverwanttostop.Isitthelureofthegreatmotorways,orwhat?
Andasforseatravel,ithardlydeservesmention.Itisperfectlysummedupinthewordsoftheoldsong:
‘Ijoinedthenavytoseetheworld,andwhatdidIsee?
Isawthesea.’Thetypicaltwentieth-centurytraveleristhemanwhoalwayssays‘I’vebeenthere.’Youmentiontheremotest,mostevocativeplace-namesintheworldlikeElDorado,Kabul,Irkutskandsomeoneisboundtosay‘I’vebeenthere’–meaning,‘Idrovethroughitat100milesanhouronthewaytosomewhereelse.’
Whenyoutravelathighspeeds,thepresentmeansnothing:
youlivemainlyinthefuturebecauseyouspendmostofyourtimelookingforwardtoarrivingatsomeotherplace.Butactualarrival,whenitisachieved,ismeaningless.Youwanttomoveonagain.Bytravelinglikethis,yoususpendallexperience;thepresentceasestobeareality:
youmightjustaswellbedead.Thetraveleronfoot,ontheotherhand,livesconstantlyinthepresent.Forhimtravelingandarrivingareoneandthesamething:
hearrivessomewherewitheverystephemakes.Heexperiencesthepresentmomentwithhiseyes,hisearsandthewholeofhisbody.Attheendofhisjourneyhefeelsadeliciousphysicalweariness.Heknowsthatsound.Satisfyingsleepwillbehis:
thejustrewardofalltruetravellers.
1、Anthorpologistslabelnowaday’smen‘Legless’because
A.peopleforgethowtousehislegs.
B.peopleprefercars,busesandtrains.
C.liftsandescalatorspreventpeoplefromwalking.
D.therearealotoftransportationdevices.
2、Travellingathighspeedmeans
A.people’sfocusonthefuture.
B.apleasure.
C.satisfyingdrivers’greatthrill.
D.anecessityoflife.
3、Whydoestheauthorsay‘wearedeprivedoftheuseofoureyes’?
A.Peoplewon’tusetheireyes.
B.Intravelingathighspeed,eyesbecomeuseless.
C.Peoplecan’tseeanythingonhiswayoftravel.
D.Peoplewanttosleepduringtravelling.
4、Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassage?
A.Legsbecomeweaker.
B.Modernmeansoftransportationmaketheworldasmallplace.
C.Thereisnoneedtouseeyes.
D.Thebestwaytotravelisonfoot.
5.Whatdoes‘abird’s-eyeview’mean?
A.Seeviewwithbird’seyes.
B.Abirdlooksatabeautifulview.
C.Itisageneralviewfromahighpositionlookingdown.
D.Ascenicplace.
Vocabulary
1.Palaeolithic旧石器时代的
2.Neolithic新石器时代的
3.escalator自动电梯，自动扶梯
4.ski-lift载送滑雪者上坡的装置
5.mar损坏，毁坏
6.blur模糊不清，朦胧
7.smear涂，弄脏，弄模糊（尤指画面、轮廓等）
8.evocative引起回忆的，唤起感情的
9.ElDorado（由当时西班牙征服者想象中的南美洲）黄金国，宝山，富庶之乡
10.Kabul喀布尔（阿富汗首都）
11.Irkutsk伊尔库茨克（原苏联亚洲城市）
难句译注
Theonlywaytotravelisonfoot旅游的唯一方法是走路
1.Airtravelgivesyouabird’s-eyeviewoftheworld–orevenifthewingoftheaircrafthappenstogetinyourway.
2.【参考译文】飞机旅行，你只可俯视世界――如果机翼碰巧挡住了你的视线，就看得更少了。
3.Whenyoutravelbycarortrainablurredimageofthecountry-sideconstantlysmearsthewindows.
4.【参考译文】如果乘车或火车旅行，郊外模糊朦胧的景象不断地掠过窗口。
写作方法与文章大意
文章以因果写作方法，写出了由于种种现代化交通设施、人们不需用脚走路，甚至也不需要用眼看景，出门就坐汽车、公交车、地铁、飞机……，车、机速度飞快，外边的景物难以看清，最终导致人们忘记用脚、用眼成为“无脚之人”。
一切都经历不到。
作者建议最佳的旅游方法是徒步――经历现实。
答案详解
1．A人们忘了用脚。
答案在第一段：
人类学家把以往年代的人们分别标上旧石器时代、新石器时代人，等等。
干脆利落地总结了一个时期。
当他们转向20世纪，他们肯定会标上“无脚的人”。
因为在20世纪，人们忘了如何用脚走路。
男人女人早年外出就坐车、公共汽车、火车。
大楼里由电梯、自动扶梯，不需要人们走路。
即使度假期间，他们也不用脚。
他们筑有缆车道、滑雪载车和路直通山顶。
所有的风景旅游区都有大型的汽车停车场。
2．B人们喜欢汽车、公交车、火车等。
C电梯、自动扶梯制止人们走路。
D有许多交通运输工具。
3．A人们的注意力在未来。
见最后一段第一句话：
当你高速旅行，现在等于零，你主要生活在未来，因为你大部分时间盯在前面到达的某个地方。
真到了，又没有意义了，你还要再向前进。
4．B是一种欢乐。
C满足司机强烈的渴望。
第二段中提及死机醉心于开车、不停车但不是快速前进着眼于未来。
D生活的需要。
这一条在第一段中提及这种情况是因为他们那异常的生活方法强加给时代的居民。
这是指不用脚走路，而用一切代步器――交通运输工具，不是开快车。
5．C人们在旅行途中什么都见不到。
答案在第二段，由一地转向另一地，路上你什么都没有见到。
乘飞机你只能俯视世界，火车，汽车，只见外界朦胧景象掠过窗子。
海上旅游，只见到海。
“我到过那里”此话含义就是“我以一小时一百英里在去某某地方时经过那里”。
正因为如此，作者指出将来的历史书上会记录下：
我们被剥夺了眼睛的应用。
6．A人们不愿用眼睛。
B在高速旅行中，眼睛没有用了。
D旅行中，人们想睡觉。
7．D旅行的最佳方式是走路。
文章第一段、第二段分别讲述了旅行可不用脚、不用眼等情况。
第三段，在讲述了人们只知向前向前，一切经历都停滞，现实不再是现实，还不如死的好。
而用脚走路的旅行者总是生活再现实，对他来说旅行和到达是一回事，他一步一步走到某地，他用眼睛、耳朵，以至整个身体去体验现在时刻、旅行终点，他感到全身舒坦愉悦的疲劳，美美享受满足的酣睡；一切真正旅行者的真实报偿。
这一段就是作者写文章的目的――走路是旅行的最佳方式。
8．A脚变得软弱无力。
B现代交通工具把世界变小。
C没有必要用眼睛。
9．C从高出向下看的景致：
俯视。
10．A用鸟的眼睛看景点。
B鸟在看美景。
D风景点。
PassageTwoViciousandDangerousSportsShouldbeBannedbyLaw
Whenyouthinkofthetremendoustechnologicalprogresswehavemade,it’samazinghowlittlewehavedevelopedinotherrespects.WemayspeakcontemptuouslyofthepooroldRomansbecausetheyrelishedtheorgiesofslaughterthatwentonintheirarenas.Wemaydespisethembecausetheymistookthesegoingsonforentertainment.Wemayforgivethemcondescendinglybecausetheylived2000yearsagoandobviouslyknewnobetter.Butareourfeelingsofsuperiorityreallyjustified?
Areweanylessblood-thirsty?
Whydoboxingmatches,forinstance,attractsuchuniversalinterest?
Don’tthespectatorswhoattendthemhopetheywillseesomeviolence?
Humanbeingsremainsasbloodthirstyasevertheywere.TheonlydifferencebetweenourselvesandtheRomansisthatwhiletheywerehonestenoughtoadmitthattheyenjoyedwatchinghungrylionstearingpeopleapartandeatingthemalive,wefindallsortsofsophisticatedargumentstodefendsportswhichshouldhavebeenbannedlongage;sportswhicharequiteasbarbarousas,say,publichangingsorbearbaiting.
Itreallyisincrediblethatinthisdayandageweshouldstillallowhuntingorbull-fighting,thatweshouldbepreparedtositbackandwatchtwomenbattereachothertopulpinaboxingring,thatweshouldberelativelyunmovedbythesightofoneoranumberofracingcarscrashingandburstingintoflames.Letusnotdeceiveourselves.Anytalkof‘thesportingspirit’issheerhypocrisy.Peopletakepartinviolentsportsbecauseofthehighrewardstheybring.Spectatorsarewillingtopayvastsumsofmoneytoseeviolence.Aworldheavyweightchampionshipmatch,forinstance,isfrontpagenews.Millionsofpeoplearedisappointedifabigfightisoverintworoundsinsteadoffifteen.Theyfeeldisappointmentbecausetheyhavebeendeprivedoftheexquisitepleasureofwitnessingprolongedtortureandviolence.
Whyshouldwebanviolentsportsifpeopleenjoythemsomuch?
Youmaywellask.Theanswerissimple:
theyareuncivilized.Forcenturiesmanhasbeentryingtoimprovehimselfspirituallyandemotionally–admittedlywithlittlesuccess.Butatleastwenolongertoleratethesightmadmencoopedupincages,orpublicfloggingsofanyofthecountlessotherbarbaricpracticeswhichwerecommoninthepast.Prisonsarenolongerthegrimforbiddingplacestheyusedtobe.Socialwelfaresystemsareinoperationinmanypartsoftheworld.Bigeffortsarebeingmadetodistributewealthfairly.Thesechangeshavecomeaboutnotbecausehumanbeingshavesuddenlyandunaccountablyimproved,butbecausepositivestepsweretakentochangethelaw.Thelawisthebiggestinstrumentofsocialchangethatwehaveanditmayexertgreatcivilizinginfluence.Ifwebanneddangerousandviolentsports,wewouldbemovingonestepfurthertoimprovingmankind.Wewouldrecognizethatviolenceisdegradingandunworthyofhumanbeings.
1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthor’sopinionofnowadays’humanbeingsis
A.notveryhigh.B.high.
C.contemptuous.D.critical.
2.Themainideaofthispassageis
A.viciousanddangeroussportsshouldbebannedbylaw.
B.peoplearewillingtopayvastsumsmoneytoseeviolence.
C.tocomparetwodifferentattitudestowardsdangeroussports.
D.peoplearebloodthirstyinsports.
3.ThattheauthormentionstheoldRomansis
A.TocomparetheoldRomanswithtoday’speople.
B.togiveanexample.
C.toshowhumanbeingsinthepastknownothingbetter.
D.toindicatehumanbeingsareusedtobloodthirsty.
4.Howmanydangeroussportsdoestheauthormentioninthispassage?
A.Three.B.Five.
C.Six.D.Seven.
5.Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageis
A.that,bybanningtheviolentsports,wehumanbeingscanimproveourselves.
B.that,bybanningthedangeroussports,wecanimprovethelaw.
C.thatwemusttakepositivestepstoimprovesocialwelfaresystem.
D.toshowlawisthemaininstrumentofsocialchange.
Vocabulary
1.relish从……获得乐处，享受
2.orgy狂欢，放纵
3.arena竞技场，活动或斗争的场所
4.blood-thirsty残忍的，嗜血的
5.bear-baiting逗熊游戏
6.bull-fight斗牛
7
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