单元练习高一英语单元练习十八内容Module 4 Unit 3.docx

单元练习高一英语单元练习十八内容Module 4 Unit 3.docx

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单元练习高一英语单元练习十八内容Module4Unit3

高一英语单元练习（十八）

练习内容：

Module 4 Unit3  ATasteofEnglishHumor

二、阅读理解

A【a】

Whatisitthatmakespeoplelaugh?

MorethantwothousandyearsagotheancientGreekphilosopherAristotledefined（定义）jokesasthepleasurethatresultsfromafeelingoftriumphbyshowingwe’rebetterthansomeoneelseinacertainway.AccordingtoAristotleandmanyotherphilosophers,alljokesdependmainlyonshowinginferiorityinanotherpersonorgroupofpersons--thatis,puttingitclearly,onshowingthattheyareworseoffthanourselves.Jokesraiseourgoodopinionofourselvesatsomeoneelse’sexpense.

Showinghowmuchbetterthanotherpeopleweareisonlyonereasonwelikejokes.Someonemayalsouseajoketoexpresstheirangerortheircrueltyoranyotherkindofactionthatisnotacceptabletous.Wefeelfreetolaughwhenwehearaboutsomeoneslidingonabananaskin.Thejokeletsusexpressthoseattitudeswhichareusuallyunacceptabletosociety.Thisisprobablythereasonwhysomeofthejokes,especiallythoseinvolvingcruelty,aresopopularwithcertainpeople.

Besides,alljokesdependonourenjoymentoflaughingatsomethingstrangeandoutofplacebecauseit’sdifferentfromthingswhicharehappeningaroundit.Thesamesituationcanbeeithersadorpleasant,dependingentirelyonhowstrangeandoutofplaceitis.Ifagirlinabathingsuitfallsintoaswimmingpool,wedon’tlaughbecausenothingunusualhashappened.Butifamaninasmartsuitfallsin,thesituationisatonceunusualinapleasantwayandwelaugh.Agoodjoke-tellerwillalwaystrytobuildupasituationinwhichonethingisexpecteduntilsomethingunexpectedsuddenlyhappens,andsowelaugh.

21.Theunderlinedword“inferiority”（inParagraph1）means______.

A.somethingthatisnotasgoodassomethingelseB.somethingthatisbetterthansomethingelse

C.someonethatisnotasgoodassomeoneelseD.someonethatisbetterthansomeoneelse

22.AccordingtoAristotle,alljokesdependmainlyon______.

A.showinginferiorityinanotherpersonorgroupB.resultinginasenseofsuccess

C.havingagoodopinionofotherpeopleD.makingpeoplelaughunexpectedly

23.What’sthemainideaofParagraph2?

A.Showingwearebetterthanotherpeopleistheonlyonereasonwelikejokes.

B.Whenpeopleareangry,theywouldliketohearjokes.

C.Peoplewholikejokesareusuallycruel.

D.Toexpressthoseattitudesusuallyunacceptabletosocietyisoneofthereasonswelikejokes.

24.Whatwillagoodjoke-telleralwaystrytodo?

A.Makeasadsituationintoapleasantone.B.Makedifferentthingshappenatthesametime.

C.Makeanunexpectedthinghappeninanexpectedsituation.

D.Makepeoplelaughatsomethingunusualandoutofplace.

B【a】

IbeganworkinginjournalismwhenIwaseight.Itwasmymother’sidea.Shewantedmeto“makesomething”ofmyself,anddecidedIhadbetterstartyoungifIwastohaveanychanceofkeepingupwiththecompetition.

WithmyloadofmagazinesIheadedtowardBellevilleAvenue.Thecrowdswerethere.ThereweretwogasstationsonthecornerofBellevilleandUnion.ForseveralhoursImademyselfhighlyvisible,makingsureeveryonecouldseemeandtheheavyblacklettersonthebagthatsaidTHESATURDAYEVENINGPOST.Whenitwassuppertime,Iwalkedbackhome.

“Howmanydidyousell,myboy?

”mymotherasked.

“None.”

“Wheredidyougo?

”

“ThecornerofBellevilleandUnionAvenues.”

“Whatdidyoudo?

”

“StoodonthecornerwaitingforsomebodytobuyaSaturdayEveningPost.”

“Youjuststoodthere?

”

“Didn’tsellasingleone.”

“MyGod,Russell!

”

UncleAllenputin,“Well,I’vedecidedtotakethePost.”Ihandedhimacopyandhepaidmeanickle（五分镍币）.ItwasthefirstnickleIearned.

Afterwardsmymothertaughtmehowtobeasalesman.Iwouldhavetoringdoorbells,addressadultswithself-confidence,andpersuadethembysayingthatnoone,nomatterhowpoor,couldaffordtobewithouttheSaturdayEveningPostinthehome.

Oneday,ItoldmymotherI’dchangedmymind.Ididn’twanttomakeasuccessinthemagazinebusiness.

“Ifyouthinkyoucanchangeyourmindlikethis,”shereplied,“you’llbecomeagood-for-nothing.”Sheinsistedthat,assoonasschoolwasover,Ishouldstartringingdoorbells,sellingmagazines.WheneverIsaidno,shewouldscoldme.

MymotherandIhadfoughtthisbattlealmostaslongasIcouldremember.Mymother,dissatisfiedwithmyfather’splainworkman’slife,determinedthatIwouldnotgrowuplikehimandhispeople.Butneverdidsheexpectthat,fortyyearslater,suchasuccessfuljournalistasmewouldgobacktoherhusband’speoplefortruelifeandlove.

25.Whydidtheboystarthisjobyoung?

A．HewantedtobefamousinthefutureB．Thejobwasquiteeasyforhim.

C．Hismotherhadhighhopesforhim.D．Thecompetitionforthejobwasfierce.

26.Fromthedialoguebetweentheboyandhismother,welearnthatthemotherwas_______.

A．excitedB．interestedC．ashamedD．disappointed

27.Whatdidthemotherdowhentheboywantedtogiveup?

A．Sheforcedhimtocontinue.B．Shepunishedhim.C．Shegavehimsomemoney.D．Shechangedherplan.

28.Thephrase“thisbattle”inthelastparagraphrefersto.

A．thewarbetweentheboy’sparentsB．thearguingbetweentheboyandhismother

C．thequarrelbetweentheboyandhiscustomersD．thefightbetweentheboyandhisfather

29.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A．Theearlylifeofajournalist.B．Theearlysuccessofajournalist.

C．Thehappychildhoodofthewriter.D．Theimportantroleofthewriterinhisfamily.

C【c】

Researchershavefoundmoreevidencethatsuggestsarelationshipbetweenracesandrates（率）oflungcanceramongsmokers.AnewstudyshowsthatblackpeopleandNativeHawaiiansaremorelikelytodeveloplungcancerfromsmoking.Itcomparedtheirrisktowhites,Japanese-AmericansandLatinos.

ResearchersattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniaandtheUniversityofHawaiididthenewstudy.TheNewEnglandJournalofMedicinepublishedthefindings.Theeight-yearresearchstudiedmorethan180,000people.Theyincludedpresentandformersmokersandpeoplewhoneversmoked.Almost2.000peopleinthestudydevelopedlungcancer.

Researcherssaygenetics（遗传学）mighthelpexplaintheracialandethnic（种族的）differences.Therecouldbedifferencesinhowpeople'sbodiesreacttosmoke.Butenvironmentalinfluences,includingthewaypeoplesmoke,couldalsomakeadifference.

African-AmericansandLatinosinthestudyarereportedsmokingthefewestcigarettesperday.Whitesaretheheaviestsmokers.Butthescientistspointoutthatblackshavebeenreportedtobreathecigarettesmokemoredeeplythanwhitesmokers.Thiscouldfilltheirlungswithmoreofthechemicalsintobaccothatcausecancer.

Scientistsknowthatsomediseaseseffectdifferentgroupsdifferently.Andsomedrugcompanieshavebeguntodevelopraciallytargeted（针对）medicines.LastJune,theUnitedStatesFoodandDrugAdministrationapprovedadrugdesignedtotreatheartfailureinblackpatients.ThenameisBiDil.Theagencycalledit"asteptowardthepromiseofpersonalizedmedicine."

30.Whichofthefollowingordersisfromhighertolowerriskofhavinglungcancer?

A．Whites—NativeHawaiiansB．Africans—Americans—Latinos

C．Asians—NativeHawaiiansD．Africans—Americans—NativeHawaiians

31.Researchersagreethatitisthatmayprobablydetermineblackpeople’sriskoflungcancer.

A．thelargeramountofsmokingthanwhitepeopleB．thelivingstyleorhabitoftheblacks

C．thedepthofcigarettesmokeintotheirlungsD．thephysicalstrengthtoreacttocigarettesmoke

32.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtotheauthor?

A．Thewayofsmokingmayincreasetheriskoflungcancer.

B．Racehasnothingtodowiththeriskofhavingalungcancer.

C．TheresearchwasstartedbytheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine.

D．TheriskoflungcancerliesIhowmuchapersonsmokes.

D【c】

Asyoumovearoundyourhome,takeagoodlookatthethingsyouhave.Itislikelythatyourlivingroomwillhaveatelevisionsetandavideo,andyourkitchenawashingmachineandamicrowaveoven.Yourbedroomdrawerswillbefilledwithalmostthreetimesasmanyclothesasyouneed.Youalmostcertainlyownacarandpossiblyahomecomputer,holidayabroadatleastonceayearandeatoutatleastonceaweek.

Now,perhaps,morethaneverbefore,peoplearewonderingwhatlifeisallabout,andwhatitisfor.Seekingmaterialsuccessisbeginningtotroublelargenumbersofpeoplearoundtheworld.Theyfeelthatthelonghoursworkculturetomakemoremoneyiseatinguptheirlives,leavingthemverylittletimeorenergyforfamilyorpastimes.Manyareturningtootherwaysoflivinganddownshiftingisoneofthem.SixpercentofworkersinBritaintookthedecisiontodownshiftlastyear.

OnecouplewhodownshiftedisDanielandLiz.TheyusedtoworkincentralLondon.Hewasanewspaperreporterandsheusedtoworkforaninternationalbank.Theywouldgotoworkbytraineverydayfromtheirlargehouseinthesuburbs,leavingtheirtwochildrenwithananny.MosteveningsDanielwouldn’tgethomeuntileightornineo’clockandnearlytwiceamonthhewouldhavetoflytoNewYorkformeetings.Theybothearnedalargeamountofmoneybutbegantofeelthatlifewaspassingthemby.

Nowadays,theyrunafarminthemountainsofWales.“Ialwayswantedtohaveafarmthen,”saysDaniel,“andwetookalmostayeartomakethedecisiontodownshift.It’stakensomegettingusedto,butit’sbeenworthit.Wehavetothinktwicenowaboutspendingmoneyoncarrepairsandwenolongerhaveanyholidays.However,Ithinkit’smadeusstronger