微生物词汇汉英对比精粹汇集.docx

微生物词汇汉英对比精粹汇集.docx

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微生物词汇汉英对比精粹汇集

微生物词汇汉英对比精粹汇集

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微生物学microbiology

病毒学virology

噬菌体学bacteriophagology

细菌学bacteriology

鉴定细菌学determinativebacteriology

系统细菌学systematicbacteriology

真菌学mycology

原生生物学protistology

原生动物学protozoology

普通微生物学generalmicrobilogy

微生物分类学microbialtaxonomy

微生物生理学microbialphysiology

微生物生物化学microbialbiochemistry

微生物遗传学microbialgenetics

微生物生态学microbialecology

古微生物学paleomicrobiology

土壤微生物学soilmicrobiology

水生微生物学aquaticmicrobiology

海洋微生物学marinemicrobiology

悉生生物学gnotobiology

医学微生物学medicalmicrobiology

兽医微生物学veterinarymicrobiology

农业微生物学agriculturalmicrobiology

工业微生物学industrialmicrobiology

石油微生物学petroleummicrobiology

食品微生物学foodmicrobiology

乳品微生物学diarymicrobiology

瘤胃微生物学rumenmicrobiology

诊断微生物学diagnosticmicrobiology

病原学etiology

国际微生物学会联合会InternationalUnionofMicrobiologicalSocieties,IUMS

中国微生物学会ChineseSocietyforMicrobiology,CSM

世界培养物保藏协会WorldFederationforCultureCollection,WFCC

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中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会ChinaCommitteeforCultureCollectionofMicroorganisms,CCCCM

美国模式培养物保藏所AmericanTypeCultureCollection,ATCC

自然发生说，无生源说spontaneousgeneration,abiogenesis

原界urkingdom

始祖生物progenote

古始生物界archetista

古细菌archaebacteria

原生生物protista

原生动物protozoan

原生植物protophyte

真核生物eukaryote

原核生物prokaryote

裂殖植物schizophyte

微生物microorganism

数值分类法numericaltaxonomy

模式目typeorder

模式科typefamily

模式属typegenus

模式种typespecies

模式株typestrain

真菌fungi

捕食真菌predaciousfungi

虫道真菌ambrosiafungi

地下真菌hypogealfungi

虫生真菌entomogenousfungi

菌根真菌mycorrhizalfungi

木腐菌wood-decayfungi

霉菌mold,mould

半知菌imperfectfungi

子囊菌ascomycetes

粘菌slimemold,slimemould

壶菌chytrid

卵菌oomycetes

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接合菌zygomycetes

担子菌basidiomycetes

核菌pyrenomycetes

盘菌cupfungi

块菌truffles

锈菌rustfungi

蘑菇mushrooms

毒蘑菇poisonousmushroom

酵母菌yeast

无孢子酵母菌asporogenousyeasts

有孢子酵母菌sporogenousyeasts

黑粉菌smutfungi

双态性真菌dimorphicfungi

毛外癣菌ectothrix

毛内癣菌endothrix

完全真菌perfectfungi

黑粉病smutdisease

锈病rustdisease

菌丝hypha

菌髓trama

假菌丝体pseudomycelium

气生菌丝体aerialmycelium

基内菌丝体substratemycelium

球拍状菌丝体racquetmycelium

结节状菌丝nodularmycelium

梳状菌丝pectinafemycelium

螺旋菌丝spiralmycelium

匍匐菌丝stolon

次生菌丝体secondarymycelium

有隔菌丝septatehypha

无隔菌丝nonseptatehypha

生殖菌丝体reproductivemycelium

营养菌丝体vegetativemycelium

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不育菌丝体sterilemycelium

菌丝体mycelium

黄癣菌丝favicchandeliermycelium

产囊丝ascogenoushypha

产囊体ascogonium

原植体thallus

粘菌体aethalium

合胞体syncytium

虫菌体hyphalbody

盾状体clypeus

子实体fruitingbody

产孢体gleba

子实层体hymenophore

子实层hymenium

子实下层subhymenium

菌丝层subiculum

菌丝段hyphalfragment

菌丝束coremium

菌丝索funiculus

菌核sclerotium

器菌核pycnosclerotium

菌环annulus

菌裙indusium

菌盖pileus

顶体apicle

藏卵器oogonium

雄器antheridium

[锈菌]性孢子器pycnium

锈子器aecium

精子器spermogonium

囊状体cystidium

粉孢子梗oidiophore

小梗sterigma

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接合孢子柄zygosporophore

孢囊柄sporangiophore

配囊柄suspensor

孢子梗sporophore

分生孢子梗conidiophore

雄器柄androphore

帚状枝penicillus

瓶梗phialide

梗基metulae

芽孔germpore

芽管germtube

芽缝germslit

孢丝capillitium

周丝periphysis

类周丝periphysoid

侧丝paraphysis

拟侧丝pseudoparaphysis

类侧丝paraphysoid

[孢子]外壁exosporium

外生菌根ectomycorrhiza

内生菌根endomycorrhiza

内外生菌根ectendomycorrhiza

泡囊丛枝菌根vesicular-arbuscularmycorrhiza

刺突spike

弹丝elater

刚毛seta

微体microbody

泡囊vesicle

隔膜septum

假隔膜pseudoseptum

分生孢子盘acervulus

分生孢子座sporodochium

精子团spermatium

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囊基膜hypothallus

囊层基hypothecium

囊层被epithecium

囊间丝hamathecium

囊托apophysis

囊领collarette

囊轴columella

孔口ostiole

菌托volva

孢子角cirrus

孢子球sporeball

孢子印sporeprint

聚簇cluster

[菌丝]融合anastomosis

[孢子]切落abjunction

[孢子]缢断abstriction

多态[现象]polymorphism

缢缩[作用]constriction

粉孢子oidium

孢子spore

掷孢子ballistospore

厚壁孢子chlamydospore

环痕孢子annellospore

节孢子arthrospore

卷旋孢子helicospore

腊肠形孢子allantospore

孔出孢子porospore

星形孢子staurospore

线形孢子scolecospore

砖格孢子dictyospore

侧生孢子aleuriospore

芽生孢子blastospore

瓶梗孢子phialospore

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无梗孢子thallospore

分生孢子conidium

大分生孢子macroconidium

小分生孢子microconidium

节分生孢子arthroconidium

芽分生孢子blastoconidium

器孢子pycnidiospore

无隔孢子amerospore

双胞孢子didymospore

多隔孢子phragmospore

休眠孢子hypnospore

顶生孢子acrospore

顶生厚壁孢子fuseau

内分生孢子endoconidium

担孢子basidiospore

双孢担孢子dispore

同形孢子isospore

柄生孢子stylospore

[锈菌]性孢子pycniospore

产雄器孢子androspore

锈孢子aeciospore

夏孢子urediniospore,aeciospore

冬孢子teliospore

四分孢子tetraspore

粘孢子myxospore

多核孢子coenospore

孢囊孢子sporangiospore

子囊孢子ascospore

多核细胞coenocyte

分生孢子果conidiocarp

分生孢子器pycnidium

孢[子]囊sporangium

柱孢子囊merosporangium

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四分孢子囊tetrasporangium

原孢子囊prosporangium

多核孢子囊coenosporangium

休眠孢子囊hypnosporangium

子囊ascus

接合孢子zygospore

拟接合孢子azygospore

原囊壁子囊prototunicateascus

单囊壁子囊unitunicateascus

双囊壁子囊bitunicateascus

子囊果ascocarp

子囊壳perithecium

闭囊壳cleistothecium

闭囊果cleistocarp

盘状子囊果discocarp

孢囊果sporangiocarp

[接]合子zygote

单性合子azygote

多核合子coenozygote

异形合子heterozygote

合子核zygotonucleus

游动合子planozygote

担子basidium

半担子hemibasidium

隔担子heterobasidium

无隔担子holobasidium

有隔担子phragmobasidium

内生担子endobasidium

原担子protobasidium

上担子epibasidium

下担子hypobasidium

同担子homobasidium

担子果basidiocarp

担子体basidiophore

配子gamete

原配子progamete

雄配子androgamete

雄核发育androgenesis

同形配子isogamete

异形配子heterogamete

游动配子zoogamete

多核配子coenogamete

配子囊gametangium

配子母细胞gametocyte

同形配子囊isogametangium

原配子囊progametangium

小孢子囊sporangiole

微包囊microcyst

足细胞footcell

脚胞footcell

固着器holdfast

附着枝hyphopodium

吸盘sucker

锁状细胞clampcell

锁状联合clampconnection

偶核细胞zeugite

卵球oosphere

卵质ooplasm

孢原质sporoplasm

卵配子oogamete

卵孢子oospore

球状胞sphaerocyst

子囊腔locule

子囊盘apothecium

子囊座ascostroma

缝裂壳hysterothecium

下子座hypostroma

包被peridium

子座stroma

壳心centrum

拟包被pseudoperidium

无融合生殖apomixis

同宗配合homothallism

准性生殖parasexuality

异宗配合heterothallism

同配生殖isogamy

异配生殖heterogamy

无配生殖apogamy

配囊交配gametangialcopulation

交配型matingtype

全型holomorph

夏孢子期uredostage

冬孢子堆teleutosorus,telium

夏孢子堆uredinium

子囊孢子形成ascosporulation

孢子形成sporulation

细菌bacteria

薄壁[细]菌类gracilicutes

硬壁[细]菌类fermicutes

疵壁[细]菌类mendosicutes

无壁[细]菌类tenericutes

柔膜细菌mollicutes

真细菌eubacteria

暗细菌scotobacteria

无氧光细菌anoxyphotobacteria

生氧光细菌oxyphotobacteria

放线菌actinomycetes

螺[旋]菌spirilla

粘细菌slimebacteria

鞘细菌sheathedbacteria

柄细菌caulobacteria

弧菌vibrio

根瘤细菌rootnodulebacteria

硫酸盐还原菌sulfatereductingbacteria

硫细菌sulfurbacteria

铁细菌ironbacteria

紫色无硫细菌purplenonsulfurbacteria

产甲烷菌methanogen

硝化细菌nitrobacteria

反硝化细菌denitrifyingbacteria

固氮细菌nitrogenfixingbacteria

甲基营养菌methylotrophicbacteria

产乙酸菌acetogen

同型[产]乙酸细菌homoacetogenicbacteria

光合作用细菌photosyntheticbacteria

产氢产乙酸细菌hydrogen-producingacetogenicbacteria

同型发酵乳酸菌homofermentativelacticbacteria

异型发酵乳酸菌heterofermentativelacticbacteria

产氢菌hydrogenogens

产气菌aerogen

不产气菌anaerogen

发光细菌luminousbacteria

产色细菌chromogenicbacteria

化能异养菌chemoheterotrophicbacteria

化能自养菌chemoautotrophicbacteria

光能异养菌photoheterotrophicbacteria

光能自养菌photoautotrophicbacteria

化能有机营养菌chemoorganotrophicbacteria

化能无机营养菌chemolithotrophicbacteria

光能有机营养菌photoorganotrophicbacteria

光能无机营养菌photolithotrophicbacteria

有机营养菌organotrophicbacteria