新疆维吾尔自治区兵团二中高考英语 阅读理解训练经典题目附答案.docx

新疆维吾尔自治区兵团二中高考英语 阅读理解训练经典题目附答案.docx

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新疆维吾尔自治区兵团二中高考英语阅读理解训练经典题目附答案

新疆维吾尔自治区兵团二中高考英语阅读理解训练经典题目（附答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Doyouknowthatjunkfoodisn'thealthy?

Ofcourseyoudo!

Doyoueatitanyway?

Ofcourseyoudo!

Butanewstudyshowsteachingadolescentsaboutthewaysfoodcompaniesfoolthemintothinkingjunkfoodiscoolcanencouragekidstofightback—byeatinghealthier.

   Thepullofjunkfoodcanbesuper-strong.It'sdesignedtotasty;whichmakeseatingwelloneofthegreathealthchallengesofourtime.Everyonefromdoctorstothegovernmenthasbeentryingtohandleit.Yetwekeepeatingjunkfood.

   ProfessorChristopherBryansays,"Foodcompanieswantyoutowantjunkfood."Theyspendmillionsofdollarscomingupwithnewwaysto^promotejunkfoodconsumption.Theyhirescientiststomakenewjunkfoodalmostirresistible.Theymightdothis,forexample,byaddingmoresugar.Ratsfedjunkfoodforsixweekswillevenwalkacrossafloorthatgivesthemelectricshocksjusttogetmoreofsuchfood.

   Foodadsoftenmakeunhealthyjunkfoodseemhealthybyfeaturingprofessionalathletes,fit-lookingpopstarsandsmiling,activeteens."Wethoughtwhenthestudentslearnedthis,itwouldmattertothem,"Bryansays.Heworkedwith8thgradersataTexasschool.HalfofthemgotalessonBryancreated.Itfocusedonthewaysjunkfoodisadvertised,ormarketed.Asecondgroupreceivedlessonsthatfocusedonhealth.Theselessonsinformedstudentsjunkfoodishad,andthatfoodslikeapplesorcarrotsareabetterchoice.Thestudentslearnedabaddietcanleadtomajorweightgain,andthatbeingoverweightputspeopleatriskforseriousdiseases.Theyalsolearnedhoweatingwellnowcankeepyouhealthywhenyou'reolder.

   Afterthelessons,thekidsinbothgroupswereaskedhowtheyfeltaboutjunkfood.Mostdidn'thavepositivefeelingsabouttheseunhealthyfoods.

（1）Whydoestheauthormentionthequestionsinparagraph1?

A. Toexpresshisdoubtsaboutjunkfood.          B. Topromotetheideaofhealthyeating.

C. Todescribethesituationofjunkfood.           D. Tointroducethetopicfordiscussion.

（2）Whatremainsagreathealthchallengetodoctors?

A. Makingpeopledomoreexercise.                  

B. Makingpeopleeathealthily.

C. Makingpeopleloseweight.                            D. Makingpeoplepreferjunkfood.

（3）Whatmessagedoesparagraph3mainlytrytoconvey?

A. Whatmakesjunkfoodalmostimpossibletoresist.

B. Whatinfluencesjunkfoodcanhaveonconsumers.

C. Howfoodcompaniestrytogetpeopletoreachforjunkfood.

D. Whyfoodcompaniespromotetheconsumptionofjunkfood.

（4）WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeBryan'slessons?

A. Shocking.                          

B. Popular.                          

C. Effective.                          

D. Abstract.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明：

让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。

（1）考查推理判断。

纵观全文可知本文介绍了一项研究：

让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。

可以推断出，文章第一段中提及那两个问题Doyouknowthatjunkfoodisn'thealthy?

你知道垃圾食品不健康吗？

Doyoueatitanyway?

你仍然还吃垃圾食品？

是为了引出本文要讨论的话题。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“It'sdesignedtobetasty,whichmakeseatingwelloneofthegreathealthchallengesofourtime.Everyonefromdoctorstothegovernmenthasbeentryingtohandleit.”可知，垃圾食品很美味，这使吃得好成为一个巨大的健康挑战，从医生到政府每一个人都一直在努力应对这一挑战。

由此可知，对医生而言，让人们吃得健康依然是一个巨大的健康挑战。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中先提到“食品公司想要消费者想吃垃圾食品”，紧接着说到“它们（食品公司）花巨资想办法推广垃圾食品，它们聘请科学家制作新的垃圾食品，使人们几乎无法抗拒”，接着还举例说“它们可能会往垃圾食品中添加更多的糖”。

由此可以推断，作者在本段主要是想告诉读者食品公司是如何想方设法让人们去吃垃圾食品的。

故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第四段主要介绍Bryan给德克萨斯州的一所学校的八年级学生们上的课，再根据文章最后一段Afterthelessons,thekidsinbothgroupswereaskedhowtheyfeltaboutjunkfood.Mostdidn'thavepositivefeelingsabouttheseunhealthyfoods.可知，课后当这些孩子被问及他们对垃圾食品的看法时，大多数人对这些不健康的食品都不持正面的看法。

由此可以推断，Bryan的课是有效的。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Itseemseverymajorcityandtownaroundtheworldhostsanannualmarathon,withthousandsofathletesrunningagruelling42.1kilometres.Whilemanyrunners'motivationistobeattheirpersonalbestandcrossthefinishinglinewithoutcollapsing,they'realsodoingitforagoodcause—togeneratefundsforcharity.Butlikeothermajorevents,themarathonalsogeneratesamassivecarbonfootprint.Thousandstravel—somebyplane—tothelocation,andwastefromfoodpackagingandgoodybagsgetsleftbehindbyspectatorsandrunners.Thisisbecomingabigissueforcities—howtohostaworthwhileevent,encouragingpeopletoexerciseandhelpcharities,whileprotectingtheenvironment?

Severalcitieshavedevelopedformalplanstoreducetheirenvironmentalimpactandpromotesustainable（可持续的）ideas.OneeventinWales,forexample,introducedrecyclingforoldrunningkit.

   It'ssomethingthatthisyear'sLondonMarathontriedtotacklebyreducingthenumberofdrinkstationsontherunningroute,givingoutwaterinpapercupsandofferingsomedrinksineatableseaweedcapsules.Theyalsotriallednewbottlebeltsmadefromrecycledplasticso700runnerscouldcarrywaterbottleswiththemduringtheirrun.LondonMarathoneventdirectorHughBrasnertoldtheBBC:

"Therearealotofinitiatives（倡议）weareusingthisyearthatwethinkwillleadtosomehugebehaviouralchangesinthefuture."

   Meanwhile,somepeoplestillthinkrunningamarathoncouldbeourbestfootforwardinhelpingtheplanet.DrAndreaCollinsfromCardiffUniversitytoldtheBBC:

"Trainingforamarathonmakesyoumoresustainableinday-to-dayactivities.Istartedwalkingorrunningtoworkeverydayandshunningpublictransportaltogether.Beingenvironmentallyfriendlywhiletrainingstickswithyouandbecomesawayoflife."

（1）Whydomanypeopleenterforamarathon?

A. Toachievetheirownambitions.

B. Togenerateamassivecarbonfootprint.

C. Toimprovethemselvesbothphysicallyandmentally.

D. Tochallengetheirpersonallimitationsandraisemoneyforcharities.

（2）WhatdidHughBrasnerthinkofthisyear'sLondonMarathon?

A. ItmaybringalargeprofittoLondon.

B. Itsavedalotofwaterresourcesandpower.

C. Itmayimprovepeople'sbehaviourinthefuture.

D. ItmaymakeLondonersmorefriendlywhenrunningamarathon.

（3）Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"shunning"inthelastparagraph?

A. Damaging.                       

B. Avoiding.                       

C. Choosing.                       

D. Changing.

（4）Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Runningamarathoncanmakemoremoney.

B.Runningamarathoncandogreatdamagetotheearth.

C.Runningamarathoncanchangepeople'slifecompletely.

D.Runningamarathoncancontributetoprotectingtheearth.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，现如今，许多城市和乡镇都举办了马拉松比赛，马拉松旨在为一些公益活动募集资金，但马拉松的举办也为城市带来了环境问题。

有一些城市已经采取了一些措施，来保证马拉松比赛的可持续性发展，如减少马拉松赛程中的供水站，以水囊的形式代替等等。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的"manyrunners'motivationistobeattheirpersonalbestandcrossthefinishinglinewithoutcollapsing,they'realsodoingitforagoodcause—togeneratefundsforcharity"许多参赛的动机是打破他们的个人最好记录，同时还为了一个非常好的目的，就是为了慈善机构募款。

故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的"Therearealotofinitiatives（倡议）weareusingthisyearthatwethinkwillleadtosomehugebehaviouralchangesinthefuture.“HughBrasner认为，在这几年马拉松比赛中使用的一些环保倡议会引起将来一些行为上的巨大改变，故选C。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据最后一段中的"Trainingforamarathonmakesyoumoresustainableinday-to-dayactivities.Istartedwalkingorrunningtoworkeveryday"为马拉松做出的训练可以使人能够更加适应每天的日常活动，DrAndreaCollins也开始每天走路或跑步上下班，这样的通勤方式可以避免交通拥堵，因此可以用avoid代替shun，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的"runningamarathoncouldbeourbestfootforwardinhelpingtheplanet"跑马拉松是在用个人的力量帮助这个星球，以及"Beingenvironmentallyfriendlywhiletrainingstickswithyouandbecomesawayoflife."这样做既能运动同时对环境也有帮助，成为新兴的生活方式，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Lastweek,VodafonestartedatestoftheUK'sfirstfull5Gservice,availableforusebybusinessesinSalford.ItispartofitsplantotrialthetechnologyinsevenUKcities.Butwhatcanweexpectfromthenextgenerationofmobiletechnology?

   Onethingwewillseeinthepreparationforthetestislotsoftrickswiththenewtech.Earlierthisyear,operatorspaidalmost£1.4billionforthe5Gwavelengths,andtocompensateforthatcash,theywillneedtocatchtheeyeofconsumers.InSeptember,VodafoneuseditsbitoftherangetodisplaytheUK'sfirsthologram（全息）call.TheManchesterCitycaptainStephHoughtonappearedasaholograminNewbury.Itisn'tallholograms,however:

5Gwillofferfasterinternetaccess,withOfcom（英国通讯管理局）suggestingthatvideothattakesaminutetodownloadon4Gwillbeavailableinjustasecond.

   Thewiderapplicationistosupportconnectedequipmentonthe"internetofthings"-notjusttheinternet-enabledfridgethatcanreorderyourmilkforyou,butthenetworkthatwillenabledriverlesscarsanddeliverydrones（无人机）tocommunicatewitheachother.

   ProfWilliamWebbhaswarnedthatthetechnologycouldbeacaseoftheemperor'snewclothes.Muchofthespeedincrease,heclaims,couldhavebeenachievedbyputtingmoremoneyinthe4Gnetwork,ratherthananewtechnology. OtherdifferentvoiceshavesuggestedthatafocusonrollingoutwiderruralbroadbandaccessandaddressingcurrentnetworkcoveragewouldbemorebeneficialtotheUKasawhole.

   Obviously,5Gwillalsobringacosttoconsumers.Itrequiresahandsetforboth5Gand4G,andthefirst5G-enabledsmartphonesareexpectedinthecomingyear.Withtheslowpaceofnetworkrolloutsofar,itislikelythatconsumerswillendupupgradingtoanew5Gphonewellbefore5Gbecomeswidelyavailableinthenextcoupleofyears.

（1）W