合工大考博英语真题及答案.docx

合工大考博英语真题及答案.docx

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合工大考博英语真题及答案

合肥工业大学2015年博士研究生入学考试初试笔试试题

PartOneVocabularyandStructure（10points）

Directions:

Ineachquestiondecidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletesthesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

1.Mr.Smith’snovelturnsouttobeagreatsuccess_______theinterestithasarousedinavarietyofreaders.

A.withrespecttoB.onthevergeofC.intermsofD.atthepointof

2.Hetoldalmostallofhisfriendshowhisbrilliantsonhadbeenacceptedbyoneofthemost_______universitiesinEurope.

A.preciousB.prescriptiveC.prestigiousD.presumptuous

3.AccordingtoCharlesDarwin,randomchangesthatenhanceaspecies’abilitytosurvivearenaturallyselectedandpassedonto_______generations.

A.successiveB.succeedingC.relativeD.relating

4.The_______ofsmokingamongwomen,formerlyneglectable,hasgrowntosuchadegreethatlungcancerhasbecomethechiefcauseofcancer-relateddeathamongwomen.

A.abundanceB.necessityC.impudenceD.incidence

5.Infactthepurchasingpowerofasingleperson’spensioninHongKongwasonly70percentofthevalueofthe_______Singaporepension.

A.equivalentB.similarC.consistentD.identical

6.Itseemsareasonableruleofthumbthatanygenuineofferofhelpandsupportfrompeopleororganizationwillbeaccompaniedbyanameandaddress,andawillingnesstobe_______astotheirmotiveinmakingcontact.

A.seenthroughB.checkedoutC.touchedonD.accountedto

7.Peoplemusttrytheirbesttopreventendangeredspeciesofwildlifefrombecomingextinctinorderthattheirfuturegenerationsmayenjoythegreat_______ofanimallife.

A.perplexityB.incessancyC.diversityD.benevolence

8.Withmostonlinerecruitmentservices,jobseekersmustchoosetheirwordscarefully;_______thesearchenginewillnevermakethecorrectmatch.

A.thereforeB.whereasC.providedD.otherwise

9.Anexplanationofanearthquakeisadescriptionofthechainof_______thatproducesit.

A.causalityB.marginC.persistenceD.purpose

10.I’m_______,accordingtomyownexperience,thatthebigrainstormatthetimeofthisseasonwilllastforquiteafewdays.

A.assumingB.pretendingC.illustratingD.appealing

11.Agreementmadebythepresidentwithothercountries_______theapprovalofthesenators.

A.issubjectedtoB.issubjecttoC.drawsoutD.substitutefor

12.Mr.Black’swastefulson_______hislargeinheritanceinafewyearsofheavyspending.

A.inheritedB.receivedC.accumulatedD.dissipated

13.InancientIndia,thereusedtobeaveryformidable_______inreligiousandsociallife.

A.hierarchyBpowerC.despotD.president

14.Mrs.Robert______adivorcefromherhusband,forshecannolonger_______hisstormytemper.

A.isseeking...putupwith

B.seeks...putdownwith

C.isseeking...putsupwith

D.seeks...putdownfor

15.Theauthoritiesarediscouragingnew_______whowanttoenterthecountryastherearen’tenoughjobsforthem.

A.passengersB.migrantsC.immigrantsD.emigrants

16.Babiessoonbegantotakeanactive_______theworldaroundthem.

A.contemptforB.fondnessforC.interestinD.partin

17.Hardly_______whenaloudexplosionwasheard.

A.thetrainhadstartedB.thetrainhadbeenstarted

C.hadthetrainstartedD.didthetrainstart

18.InSeoultradingyesterdaytheUSdollarfellandKorean_______droppedtotheirlowestlevelinfivemonths.

A.dealersB.sharesC.standardsD.ballots

19.Beeristhemostpopulardrinkamongmaledrinkers,_______overallconsumptionissignificantlyhigherthanthatofwomen.

A.whoseB.thatC.whichD.ofwhich

20.Theoldfarmerputupironfencesaroundtheflowergarden_______neighbor'ssheepshouldbreakin.

A.onconditionthatB.nowthatC.lestD.but

PartTwoReadingComprehension（45points）

Directions:

Thereare6readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicemarkedA,B,CandD.Decideonthebestchoice.

PassageOne

Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Deepinhiding,theNO.1targetofwaronterrorismkeptpressingfollowerstofindnewwaystokillAmericans,officialssay,citinghisprivatejournalandotherdocumentsrecoveredintheraidinearlyMaythatlefthimdead.

Strikesmallercities,OsamabinLadensuggested.Targettrainsaswellasplanes.Ifpossiblestrikeonsignificantdates,suchastheFourthofJulyandtheupcoming10thanniversaryoftheattackofSept.11,2001.Aboveall,killasmanyAmericansaspossibleinasingleattack.

Thoughhewasoutofthepubliceyeandal-Qaidaseemedtobeweakening,binLadenneveryieldedcontrolofhisworldwideorganization,U.S.officialssaidMay11.Hispersonalhand-writtenjournalandhismassivecollectionofcomputerfilesrevealhishandatworkineveryrecentmajoral-Qaidathreat,includingplotsinEuropelastyearthathadtravelersandembassiesonhighalert,twoofficialssaid.

Theinformationshattersthegovernment’sconventionalthinkingaboutbinLaden,whohadbeenregardedforyearsasmostlyaninspirationalfigureheadwhoseyearsinhidingmadehimtoomarginalizedtomaintainoperationalcontroloftheorganizationhefounded.

Instead,binLadenwascommunicatingfromhiswalledcompoundinPakistanwithal-Qaida’soffshoots,includingtheYemenbranchthathasemergedastheleadingthreattotheU.S.,thedocumentsindicate.

HewaswellawareofU.S.counterterroristeffortsandschooledhisfollowersinworkingaroundthem,themessagestohisfollowersshow.Don'tlimitattackstoNewYorkCity,hesaidinhiswritings.ConsiderotherareassuchasLosAngelesorsmallercities.Spreadoutthetargets.

Inoneparticularlymacabrebitofmathematics,binLaden’swritingsshowhimthinkingoverjusthowmanyAmericanshemustkilltoforcetheU.S.towithdrawfromtheArabworld.Heconcludesthatthesmaller,scatteredattackssince9/11hadnotbeenenough.Hetellshisdisciplesthatonlyabodycountofthousands,somethingonthescaleof9/11,wouldshiftU.S.policy.

Thecommunicationswereinmessagessentviaplug-incomputerstoragedevicesorflashdrives.ThedeviceswereferriedtobinLaden’scompoundbycouriers,aprocessthatisslowbutexceptionallydifficulttotrack.

Intelligenceofficialshavenotidentifiedanynewplannedtargetsorplotsintheirinitialanalysisofthe100orsoflashdrivesandfivecomputersthatNavySEALstookawayafterkillingbinLaden.

21.WhathappenedtobinLaden,theNO.1targetofwaronterrorisminMay?

A.HemovedtoNewYork.

B.HewascapturedinPakistan.

C.HefoundashelterinYemen.

D.HewaskilledbytheU.SSEALs.

22.WhybinLadenselectedtheFourthofJulyasanimportantdatetoconductattacks?

A.BecauseitwasthedatewhenhewasborninAfghanistan

B.Becauseitwasthedatewhenal-Qaidawasbuilt.

C.BecauseitwasthedatewhentheU.S.wasfounded.

D.BecauseitwasthedatewhenhearrivedinLosAngeles.

23.Inthelastsentenceoftheseventhparagraphthephrase“disciples”couldbestbereplacebywhichofthefollowing?

A.terrorists

B.officials

C.followers

D.targets

24.HowdidbinLadencommunicatewithhisorganizationbranches?

A.Heusedamobilephone.

B.Heusedstoragedevicesforexchangingmessages.

C.HesentmessagesthroughInternet.

D.Hesenthismentopassinformationonline.

25.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.ThedetailsabouthowtheAmericanssucceededinfindingoutwherebinLadenhided.

B.ThewarbetweentheU.S.andArabcountries.

C.HowbinLadentriedtokeepcontrolofhisworldwideterroristorganization

D.TheplanstokillthousandsofAmericanstogettheU.S.outofArabworld

PassageTwo

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

AlthoughGMOshavebeeninourfoodsupplyfor20years,thecontroversyhasmovedtocenterstage.RecentdocumentariesandexpertsonTheDoctorOzShowhavefannedtheflames.About75percentofconsumerssaytheyareconcernedaboutthesafetyofgeneticallymodifiedfood,accordingtoaNewYorkTimessurvey.MaineandConnecticutrecentlypassedbillsrequiringlabelingofallfoodsmadewithGMOs;manyotherstatesareconsideringmandatorylabeling.TheEuropeanUnionalreadyrequireslabeling,andseveralcountries,includingFrance,havebannedtheplantingofgeneticallymodifiedcrops.

Inabigredflag-raisingstudy,FrenchresearchersreportedlastyearinFoodandChemicalToxicologythatratsdevelopedhugetumorsafterlivingongeneticallymodifiedcornfortwoyears.“Geneticengineeringcanhaveunintendedconsequences,”saysBillFreese,sciencepolicyanalystfortheCenterforFoodSafety.Artificialgenesforceplantstoproduceunnaturalproteins,hesays,andnooneknowshowthosemayaffecthumanhealth.

However,hundredsofotherstudieshavefoundnotroublewithGMOs,saysRuthMacDonald,professor,andchairoffoodscienceatIowaStateUniversity.Afterlookingatmorethan130researchprojects--includinganimalstudiesandsearchesforknowntoxinsorallergensinGMOfoods--theEuropeanUnionconcludedthatthere’snothingespeciallyriskyaboutthem.InSeptember,theeditorsofScientificAmericandenouncedtheeffortstolabelGMOfoods,statingthatthere'snoproofthatso-calledgeneticallymodifiedorganismscanendangerpeople'shealth.Addinggenestocropsisn'tanymoredangerousthantraditionalbreeding,whichfarmershavedoneforthous