英语演讲教程多篇.docx

英语演讲教程多篇.docx

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英语演讲教程多篇

英语演讲教程

presentationsandpublicspeakinginenglish

apresentationisaformaltalktooneormorepeoplethat"presents"ideasorinformationinaclear,structuredway.peoplearesometimesafraidofspeakinginpublic,butifyoufollowafewsimplerules,givingapresentationisactuallyveryeasy.thistutorialguidesyouthrougheachstageofgivingapresentationinenglish,fromtheinitialpreparationtotheconclusionandquestionsandanswers.thistutorialisitselfsetoutlikeamini-presentation.

preparation

canyounamethe3mostimportantthingswhengivinganypresentation?

number1is...preparation

number2is...preparation!

number3is...preparation!

!

preparationiseverything!

withgoodpreparationandplanningyouwillbetotallyconfidentandlessnervous.andyouraudiencewillfeelyourconfidence.youraudience,too,willbeconfident.theywillbeconfidentinyou.andthiswillgiveyoucontrol.controlofyouraudienceandofyourpresentation.withcontrol,youwillbe'incharge'andyouraudiencewilllistenpositivelytoyourmessage.

objective

beforeyoustarttoprepareapresentation,youshouldaskyourself:

"whyamimakingthispresentation?

"doyouneedtoinform,topersuade,totrainortosell?

yourobjectiveshouldbeclearinyourmind.ifitisnotclearinyourmind,itcannotpossiblybecleartoyouraudience.

audience

"whoamimakingthispresentationto?

"sometimesthiswillbeobvious,butnotalways.youshouldtrytoinformyourself.howmanypeople?

whoarethey?

businesspeople?

professionalpeople?

politicalpeople?

expertsornon-experts?

willitbeasmall,intimategroupof4colleaguesoralargegatheringof400petitors?

howmuchdotheyknowalreadyandwhatwilltheyexpectfromyou?

venue

"whereamimakingthispresentation?

"inasmallhotelmeeting-roomoralargeconferencehall?

whatfacilitiesandequipmentareavailable?

whataretheseatingarrangements?

timeandlength

"whenamimakingthispresentationandhowlongwillitbe?

"willitbe5minutesor1hour?

justbeforelunch,whenyouraudiencewillbehungry,orjustafterlunch,whenyouraudiencewillbesleepy?

method

howshouldimakethispresentation?

"whatapproachshouldyouuse?

formalorinformal?

lotsofvisualaidsoronlyafew?

willyouincludesomeanecdotesandhumourforvariety?

content

"whatshouldisay?

"nowyoumustdecideexactlywhatyouwanttosay.first,youshouldbrainstormyourideas.youwillnodoubtdiscovermanyideasthatyouwanttoincludeinyourpresentation.butyoumustbeselective.youshouldincludeonlyinformationthatisrelevanttoyouraudienceandyourobjective.youshouldexcludeallotherideas.youalsoneedtocreateatitleforyourpresentation（ifyouhavenotalreadybeengivenatitle）.thetitlewillhelpyoutofocusonthesubject.andyouwillprepareyourvisualaids,ifyouhavedecidedtousethem.butremember,ingeneral,lessisbetterthanmore（alittleisbetterthanalot）.youcanalwaysgiveadditionalinformationduringthequestionsafterthepresentation.

structure

awellorganisedpresentationwithaclearstructureiseasierfortheaudiencetofollow.itisthereforemoreeffective.youshouldorganisethepointsyouwishtomakeinalogicalorder.mostpresentationsareorganisedinthreeparts,followedbyquestions:

beginningshortintroductionweleyouraudience

introduceyoursubject

explainthestructureofyourpresentation

explainrulesforquestions

middlebodyofpresentationpresentthesubjectitself

endshortconclusionsummariseyourpresentation

thankyouraudience

invitequestions

questionsandanswers

notes

whenyougiveyourpresentation,youshouldbe-orappeartobe-asspontaneousaspossible.youshouldnotreadyourpresentation!

youshouldbesofamiliarwithyoursubjectandwiththeinformationthatyouwanttodeliverthatyoudonotneedtoreadatext.readingatextisboring!

readingatextwillmakeyouraudiencegotosleep!

soifyoudon'thaveatexttoread,howcanyouremembertosayeverythingyouneedtosay?

withnotes.youcancreateyourownsystemofnotes.somepeoplemakenotesonsmall,a6cards.somepeoplewritedownjustthetitleofeachsectionoftheirtalk.somepeoplewritedownkeystoremindthem.thenoteswillgiveyouconfidence,butbecauseyouwillhavepreparedyourpresentationfully,youmaynotevenneedthem!

rehearsal

rehearsalisavitalpartofpreparation.youshouldleavetimetopractiseyourpresentationtwoorthreetimes.thiswillhavethefollowingbenefits:

youwillbeemorefamiliarwithwhatyouwanttosay

youwillidentifyweaknessesinyourpresentation

youwillbeabletopractisedifficultpronunciations

youwillbeabletocheckthetimethatyourpresentationtakesandmakeanynecessarymodifications

soprepare,prepare,prepare!

prepareeverything:

s,visualaids,timing,equipment.rehearseyourpresentationseveraltimesandtimeit.isittherightlength?

areyoupletelyfamiliarwithallyourillustrations?

aretheyintherightorder?

doyouknowwhotheaudienceis?

howmanypeople?

howwillyouanswerdifficultquestions?

doyouknowtheroom?

areyouconfidentabouttheequipment?

whenyouhaveansweredallthesequestions,youwillbeaconfident,enthusiasticpresenterreadytomunicatethesubjectofyourpresentationtoaneageraudience.

equipment

easilyyourmostimportantpieceofequipmentis...you

!

makesureyou'reinfullworkingorder,andcheckyourpersonalpresentationcarefully-ifyoudon't,youraudiencewill!

theoverheadprojector（ohp）displaysoverheadtransparencies（ohtsorohpts）.ithasseveraladvantagesoverthe35mmslideprojector:

itcanbeusedindaylight

theusercanfacetheaudience

theusercanwriteordrawdirectlyonthetransparencywhileinuse

thewhiteboard（morerarelyblackboardorgreenboard）isausefuldeviceforspontaneouswriting-asinbrainstorming,forexle.forpreparedmaterial,theohpmightbemoresuitable.thedusterisusedforcleaningthewhiteboard.itisessentialthatthedusterbecleantostartwith.youmayconsidercarryingyourowndusterjustincase.markersareusedforwritingonthewhiteboard（delible-youcanremovetheink）orflipchart（indelible-youcannotremovetheink）.theyareusuallyavailableinblue,red,blackandgreen.again,it'sagoodideatocarryasparesetofmarkersincaseyouaregivensomeusedoneswhichdonotwritewell."agoodworkmanneverblameshistools."theflipchartconsistsofseveralleavesofpaperthatyou'flip'orturnover.somepeopleprefertheflipcharttothewhiteboard,butitsuseislimitedtosmallerpresentations.theslideprojector-whichmustbeusedinadarkenedroom-addsacertaindrama.someslideprojectorscanbesynchronisedwithaudioforaudio-visual（av）presentations.theseprojectorsaretypicallyusedforlargerpresentations.themajoritytake35mmslidesortransparencies（asseenhere）,butprojectorsfor6x6cmslidesarealsoavailable.transparenciesareprojectedbyanoverheadprojectororaslideprojectorontoascreen-inthiscaseafoldingscreenwhichcanbepackedupandtransported.thenotebookputerisincreasinglybeingusedtodisplaygraphicsduringpresentations.itisoftenusedinconjunctionwithanoverheadprojector,whichactuallyprojectstheimagefromtheputerscreenontothewallscreen.handoutsareanydocumentsorslesthatyou'handout'ordistributetoyouraudience.notethatitisnotusuallyagoodideatodistributehandoutsbeforeyourpresentation.theaudiencewillreadthehandoutsinsteadoflisteningtoyou.

delivery

'delivery'referstothewayinwhichyouactuallydeliverorperformorgiveyourpresentation.deliveryisavitalaspectofallpresentations.deliveryisatleastasimportantascontent,especiallyinamulti-culturalcontext.

nerves

mostspeakersarealittlenervousatthebeginningofapresentation.soitisnormalifyouarenervous.theansweristopayspecialattentiontothebeginningofyourpresentation.firstimpressionscount.thisisthetimewhenyouestablisharapportwithyouraudience.duringthistime,trytospeakslowlyandcalmly.youshouldperhapslearnyourintroductionbyheart.afterafewmoments,youwillrelaxandgainconfidence.

audiencerapport

youneedtobuildawarmandfriendlyrelationshipwithyouraudience.enthusiasmiscontagious.ifyouareenthusiasticyouraudiencewillbeenthusiastictoo.andbecarefultoestablisheyecontactwitheachmemberofyouraudience.eachpersonshouldfeelthatyouarespeakingdirectlytohimorher.thismeansthatyoumustlookateachpersoninturn-inasnaturalawayaspossible.thiswillalsogiveyoutheopportunitytodetectsignsofboredom,disinterestorevendisagreement,allowingyoutomodifyyourpresentationasappropriate.

yourobjectiveistomunicate!

bodylanguage

whatyoudonotsayisatleastasimportantaswhatyoudosay.yourbodyisspeakingtoyouraudienceevenbeforeyouopenyourmouth.yourclothes,yourwalk,yourglasses,yourhaircut,yourexpression-itisfromthesethatyouraudienceformsitsfirstimpressionasyouentertheroom.generallyspeaking,itisbettertostandratherthansitwhenmakingapresentation.beawareofandavoidanyrepetitiveandirritatinggestures.beaware,too,thatthemovementofyourbodyisoneofyourmethodsofcontrol.whenyoumovetoorfromthewhiteboard,forexle,youcanmovefastorslowly,raisingorreducingthedynamismwithintheaudience.youcanstandverystillwhiletalkingoryoucanstrollfromsidetoside.whateffectdoyouthinkthesetwodifferentapproacheswouldhaveonan