过去分词.docx

过去分词.docx

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过去分词

过去分词

过去分词两个显著的特点即：

从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念，但是如果是不及物动词用作过去分词形式，则只表示动作的完成，而没有被动意义。

如fallenleaves落叶retiredworkers退休工人。

在句中作状语、定语、补足语、表语等。

选择分词时,关键看分词与其逻辑主语的关系,若是其逻辑主语主动发出的动作,选用v-ing;若是被动动作,则选用过去分词。

过去分词用法总结如下：

一、 表语:

1．      Thecupisbroken.

2．      Thedoorremainslocked.

3．      Shelookeddisappointed.

二、 定语：

单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常置于被修饰词之前，但修饰代词时，需置于被修饰词之后，而过去分词短语作定语也要后置，即要放在被修饰词之后。

1.Weneededmuchmorequalifiedworkers.（单个过去分词作定语）

2.Thegirldressedinwhiteismydaughter.（过去分词短语作定语）

3.Isthereanythingunsolved?

ThereisnothingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.

（如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使是单个的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面）

4.Thisisastate-ownedfactory.

Thisisanewlybuiltbuilding.

Advertisingisahighlydevelopedindustry.

（单个过去分词与名词或副词构成复合形容词时，放在其修饰的名词前作前置定语）

三、 宾语补足语：

可以带过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有：

1）see,hear,find,feel,think等表示感觉和心理状态的动词

Hefoundhishometowngreatlychangedwhenhecamebackfrom

abroad.

HeonceheardthesongsunginGerman.

Everybodythoughtthematchlost.

2）make,get,have,keep等表示“致使”意义的动词：

He’sgoingtohavehishaircut.

Shehadherfootinjuredinthefall.

Whenyoutalk,youhavetoatleastmakeyourselfunderstood.

Pleasekeepusinformedofthelatestdevelopments.

四、 状语：

Thetrainerappeared,followedbysixlittledogs.

Onceseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.=Onceitisseen,

Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful

=Whenitisseenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.

Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.=Ifweweregiven

moretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.

语法演练

一、考查过去分词作状语

过去分词作状语可表示原因、时间、条件、伴随等。

有时过去分词前也可加上连词when,while,if,unless,though等。

过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语是句子中的主语,表示被动或完成意义。

例如:

1.________in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.

A.Beingfounded

B.Itwasfounded

C.Founded

D.Founding

2.________time,he'llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.

A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given

Unless________tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.

A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited

Generallyspeaking,_____accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.

AwhentakingBwhentakenCwhentotakeDwhentobetaken

二、考查过去分词作定语

过去分词作定语,其逻辑主语是所修饰的名词或代词,表示一个被动或完成的动作,相当于一个被动的定语从句。

3.Pricesofdailygoods________throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.

A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying

4.TheOlympicGames,________in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.

A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying

三、考查过去分词作补足语

过去分词作宾语补足语时,逻辑主语是其前面的宾语,表示一个被动或完成的动作。

例如:

5.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands________behindhisback.

A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied

四、考查过去分词作表语

过去分词作表语,其主语通常是人,表示主语所处的状态或表示主语对某事的感觉,意思是"（某人）......的";而现在分词作表语时,其主语通常是物,表示主语的特征,意思是“令人......的”。

常用作表语的过去分词有:

interested,moved,discouraged,amused,astonished,surprised,frightened,excited,moved,inspired,tired,worried,hurt,crowded,gone,broken,dressed,wounded,pleased,等等。

例如:

6.Aswejoinedthebigcrowd,Igot________frommyfriends.

A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed

另外,有些以过去分词形式出现的词,其词性和意思都已发生了变化,须引起同学们的注意。

例如:

7.________thegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.

A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven

“Given”在此处是介词,意思是“在......的情况下;考虑到”。

答案:

1-5CDBCD6-7AA

你对第1面的《过去分词高考考点透析》一文理解得如何?

为了使你加深印象,检测一下你的复习效果,请做下面选自高考试题的单项填空练习。

为了让你开动脑筋,不盲目猜题,本练习题中也包括其它非谓语动词形式的习题。

1.BecauseofmypoorEnglishI'mafraidIcan'tmakemyself________.

A.understandB.tounderstandC.understandingD.understood

2.Theworkerswantus________togetherwiththem.

A.workB.workingC.toworkD.worked

3.What'sthelanguage________inGermany?

A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak

4.________someofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.

A.FollowedB.FollowedbyC.BeingfollowedD.Havingbeenfollowedby

5.Mostofthepeople________tothepartywerefamousscientists.

A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.inviting

6.Hewasdisappointedtofindhissuggestions________.

A.beenturneddownB.turneddownC.tobeturneddownD.toturndown

7.Doyouknowtheboy________underthebigtree?

A.layB.lainC.layingD.lying

8.-Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?

-I'dliketohavethispackage________,madam.

A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed

9.Therewasaterriblenoise________thesuddenburstoflight.

A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed

10.________moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.

A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven

11.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,________alongspeechforthepresident.

A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing

12.Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire________allnight.

A.toburnB.burnC.burningD.burned

13.Generallyspeaking,________accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.

A.whentakingB.whentakenC.whentotake

14.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage________thegirlandtookheraway,________intothewoods.

A.seizing;disappearedB.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearingD.seized;disappearing

15.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains________whethertheywillenjoyit.

A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen

16.Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain________astheplanewasmakingalanding.

A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating

17.Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,________.

A.exhaustingB.exhaustedC.beingexhaustedD.havingexhausted

18.The________boywaslastseen________neartheEastLake.

A.missing;playingB.missing;playC.missed;playedD.missed;toplay

19.Thepatientwaswarned________oilyfoodaftertheoperation.

A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating

20.Whilebuildingatunnelthroughthemountain,________.

A.anundergroundlakewasdiscoveredB.therewasanundergroundlakediscovered

C.alakewasdiscoveredundergroundD.theworkersdiscoveredanundergroundlake

key:

1-5DCBBA6-10BDDBA11-15BCBDB16-20CBACD