Abwrnrm英语四级阅读练习题.docx
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Abwrnrm英语四级阅读练习题
生命是永恒不断的创造,因为在它内部蕴含着过剩的精力,它不断流溢,越出时间和空间的界限,它不停地追求,以形形色色的自我表现的形式表现出来。
--泰戈尔
2009/9PassageOne
Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Throughoutthislong,tenseelection,everyonehasfocusedonthepresidentialcandidatesandhowthey’llchangeAmerica.Rightlyso.Butselfishly.I’mmorefascinatedbyMichelleObamaandwhatshemightbeabletodo,notjustforthiscountry,butformeasanAfircan-Americanwoman.AsthepotentialFirstLady,shewouldhavetheworld’sattention.AndthatmeansthatforthefirsttimepeoplewillhaveachancetogetupcloseandpersonalwiththetypeofAfrican-Americanwomantheysorarelysee.
Usually,thelivesofblackwomengolargelyunexamined.Theprevailingtheoryseemstobethatwe’reallhot-temperedsinglemotherswhocan’tkeepaman.Evenintheworldofmake-believe,blackwomenstillcan’tescapethestereotypeofbeingeye-roling,oversexedfemalesraisedbyournever-married,alcoholic(酗酒的)mothers.
Theseimageshavehelpeddefinethewayallblackwomenareviewed,includingMichelleObama.Beforesheevergetsthechancetocommittoacause,charityorfoundationasFirstLady,hermosturgentandperhapsmostcomplicateddutymaybesimplytobeherself.
Itwon’tbeeasy.Becausefewmainstreampublicationshavedonein-depthfeaturesonregularAfrican-Americanwomen,littleisknownaboutwhoweare,whatwethinkandwhatwefaceonaregularbasis.Forbetterorworse,Michellewillrepresentusall.
Justasshewillhavehercritics,shewillalsohavemillionsoffanswhousuallyhavelittleinterestintheFirstLady.ManyAfrican-Ameircanblogshavewrittenaboutwhatthey’dliketoseeMichellebringtotheWhiteHouse—mainlyshowingtheworldthatablackwomancansupporthermanandraiseastrongblackfamily.Michellewillhavetoworktopleaseeveryone—animpossibletask.ButformanyAfrican-Americanwomenlikeme,justalittleofherpoise(沉着),confidenceandintelligencewillgoalongwayinchanginganimagethat’sbeenaroundforfartoolong.
57.WhydoesMichelleObamaholdastrongfascinationfortheauthor?
A)SheservesasarolemodelforAfrican-Americanwomen.
B)ShepossessesmanyadmirablequalitiesbecomingaFirstLady.
C)ShewillpresenttotheworldanewimageofAfrican-Americanwomen.
D)ShewillpaycloserattentiontotheinterestsofAfrican-Americanwomen.
58.WhatisthecommonstereotypeofAfrican-Americanwomenaccordingtotheauthor?
A)Theyarevictimsoffamilyviolence.
B)Theyareofaninferiorsocialgroup.
C)Theyusequitealotofbodylanguage.
D)Theyliveoncharityandsocialwelfare.
59.WhatdomanyAfrican-Americanswriteaboutintheirblogs.
A)WhetherMichellecanliveuptothehighexpectationsofherfans.
B)HowMichelleshouldbehaveasapublicfigure.
C)HowproudtheyaretohaveablackwomanintheWhiteHouse.
D)WhatMichelleshoulddoaswifeandmotherintheWhiteHouse.
60.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutMichelleObamaasaFirstLady?
A)Howevermanyfansshehas,sheshouldremainmodest.
B)Sheshouldn’tdisappointtheAfircan-Americancommunity.
C)Howeverhardshetries,shecan’texpecttopleaseeverybody.
D)ShewillgiveprioritytoAfrican-Americanwomen’sconcerns.
61.WhatdomanyAfrican-AmericanwomenhopeMichelleObamawilldo?
A)Helpchangetheprevailingviewaboutblackwomen.
B)HelpherhusbandinthetaskofchangingAmerica.
C)OutshinepreviousFirstLadies.
D)Fullydisplayherfinequalities.
PassageTwo
Questions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Whennextyear’scropofhigh-schoolgraduatesarriveatOxfordUniversityinthefallof2009,they’llbejoinedbyanewface:
AndrewHamilton,the55-year-oldprovost(教务长)ofYale,who’llbecomeOxford’svice-chancellor—apositionequivalenttouniversitypresidentinAmerica.
Hamiltonisn’ttheonlyeducatorcrossingtheAtlantic.SchoolsinFrance,Egypt,Singapore,etc.havealsorecentlymadetop-levelhiresfromabroad.Highereducationhasbecomeabigandcompetitivebusinessnowadays,andlikesomanybusinesses,it’sgoneglobal.Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-levelpersonneltendtoheadinonlyonedirection:
outwardfromAmerica.
ThechiefreasonisthatAmericanschoolsdon’ttendtoseriouslyconsiderlookingabroad.Forexample,whentheboardoftheUniversityofColoradosearchedforanewpresident,itwantedaleaderfamiliarwiththestategovernment,amajorsourceoftheuniversity’sbudget.“Wedidn’tdoanyglobalconsideration,”saysPatriciaHays,theboard’schair.TheboardultimatelypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivist(活动家)whoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitypresident:
fund-raising.Fund-raisingisadistinctivelyAmericanthing,sinceU.S.schoolsrelyheavilyondonations.Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.
ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentongovernmentfunding.Butgovernmentsupporthasfailedtokeeppacewithrisingstudentnumbers.Thedeclineingovernmentsupporthasmadefund-raisinganincreasinglynecessaryabilityamongadministrators,andhashiringcommitteeshungryforAmericans.
Inthepastfewyears,prominentschoolsaroundtheworldhavejoinedthetrend.In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen(监督)“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition.”
Ofcourse,fund-raisingisn’ttheonlyskilloutsidersoffer.Theglobalizationofeducationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindtopromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.Foreignerscanofferafreshperspectiveonestablishedpractices.
62.Whatisthecurrenttrendinhighereducationdiscussedinthepassage?
A)InstitutionsworldwidearehiringadministratorsfromtheU.S.
B)Alotofpoliticalactivistsarebeingrecruitedasadministrators.
C)Americanuniversitiesareenrollingmoreinternationalstudents.
D)Universitypresidentsarepayingmoreattentiontofund-raising.
63.WhatisthechiefconsiderationofAmericanuniversitieswhenhiringtop-leveladministrators?
A)Theirpoliticalcorrectness.
B)Theirabilitytoraisefunds.
C)Theirfameinacademiccircles.
D)Theiradministrativeexperience.
64.WhatdowelearnaboutEuropeanuniversitiesfromthepassage?
A)Thetuitionstheychargehavebeenrisingconsiderably.
B)Theiroperationisunderstrictgovernmentsupervision.
C)Theyarestrengtheningtheirpositionbyglobalization.
D)Mostoftheirrevenuescomefromthegovernment.
65.CambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichardasitsvice-chancellorchieflybecause________.
A)shewasknowntobegoodatraisingmoney
B)shecouldhelpstrengthenitstieswithYale
C)sheknewhowtoattractstudentsoverseas
D)shehadboostedYale’sacademicstatus
66.Inwhatwaydotop-leveladministratorsfromabroadcontributetouniversitydevelopment?
A)Theycanenhancetheuniversity’simage.
B)Theywillbringwiththemmoreinternationalfaculty.
C)Theywillviewalotofthingsfromanewperspective.
D)Theycansetupnewacademicdisciplines.
答案57.C58.B59.D60.C61.A62.A63.B64.D65.A66.C
2009/6Passageone
Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
TheJanuaryfashionshow,calledFutureFashion,exemplifiedhowfargreendesignhascome.OrganizedbytheNewYork-basednonprofitEarthPledge,theshowinspiredmanytopdesignerstoworkwithsustainablefabricsforthefirsttime.Severalhavesincemadepledgestoincludeorganicfabricsintheirlines.
Thedesignerswhoundertakegreenfashionstillfacemanychallenges.ScottHahn,cofounderwithGregoryofRoganandLoomstate,whichusesall-organiccotton,sayshigh-qualitysustainablematerialscanstillbetoughtofind.“Mostdesignerswithexistinglabelsarefindingtherearen’tcomparablefabricsthatcanjustreplacewhatyou’redoingandwhatyourcustomersareusedto,”hesays.Forexample,organiccottonandnon-organiccottonarevirtuallyindistinguishableoncewovenintoadress.Butsomepopularsynthetics,likestretchnylon,stillhavefeweco-friendlyequivalents.
Thosewhodomaketheswitcharefindingtheyhavemoresupport.LastyeartheinfluentialtradeshowDesigners&Agentsstoppedchargingitsparticipationfeeforyounggreenentrepreneurs(企业家)whoattenditstwospringtimeshowsinLosAngelesandNewYorkandgavespecialrecognitiontodesignerswhosecollectionsareatleast25%sustainable.Itnowcountsmorethan50greendesigners,upfromfewerthanadozentwoyearsago.ThisweekWal-Martissettoannounceamajorinitiativeaimedathelpingcottonfarmersgoorganic:
itwillbuytransitional(过渡型的)cottonathigherprices,thushelpingtoexpandthesupplyofakeysustainablematerial.“Mainstreamisabouttooccur,”saysHahn.
Someanalysts(分析师)arelesssure.Amongconsumers,only18%areevenawarethatecofashionexists,upfrom6%fouryearsago.NatalieHormilla,afashionwriter,isanexampleoftheunconvertedconsumer,whenaskedifsheownedanysustainableclothes,shereplied:
“NotthatI’mawareof.”Likemostconsumers,shefindslittletimetoshop,andwhenshedoes,she’sonthehuntfor“cutestuffthatisn’ttooexpensive.”Byherownadmission,greenjustisn’tyetonhermind.But–thankstothecombinedeffortsofdesigners,retailersandsuppliers–onedayitwillbe.
57.WhatissaidaboutFutureFashion?
A)Itinspiredmanyleadingdesignerstostartgoinggreen.
B)Itshowedthatdesignersusingorganicfab