Abwrnrm英语四级阅读练习题.docx

Abwrnrm英语四级阅读练习题.docx

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Abwrnrm英语四级阅读练习题

生命是永恒不断的创造，因为在它内部蕴含着过剩的精力，它不断流溢，越出时间和空间的界限，它不停地追求，以形形色色的自我表现的形式表现出来。

－－泰戈尔

2009/9PassageOne

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Throughoutthislong,tenseelection,everyonehasfocusedonthepresidentialcandidatesandhowthey’llchangeAmerica.Rightlyso.Butselfishly.I’mmorefascinatedbyMichelleObamaandwhatshemightbeabletodo,notjustforthiscountry,butformeasanAfircan-Americanwoman.AsthepotentialFirstLady,shewouldhavetheworld’sattention.AndthatmeansthatforthefirsttimepeoplewillhaveachancetogetupcloseandpersonalwiththetypeofAfrican-Americanwomantheysorarelysee.

Usually,thelivesofblackwomengolargelyunexamined.Theprevailingtheoryseemstobethatwe’reallhot-temperedsinglemotherswhocan’tkeepaman.Evenintheworldofmake-believe,blackwomenstillcan’tescapethestereotypeofbeingeye-roling,oversexedfemalesraisedbyournever-married,alcoholic（酗酒的）mothers.

Theseimageshavehelpeddefinethewayallblackwomenareviewed,includingMichelleObama.Beforesheevergetsthechancetocommittoacause,charityorfoundationasFirstLady,hermosturgentandperhapsmostcomplicateddutymaybesimplytobeherself.

Itwon’tbeeasy.Becausefewmainstreampublicationshavedonein-depthfeaturesonregularAfrican-Americanwomen,littleisknownaboutwhoweare,whatwethinkandwhatwefaceonaregularbasis.Forbetterorworse,Michellewillrepresentusall.

Justasshewillhavehercritics,shewillalsohavemillionsoffanswhousuallyhavelittleinterestintheFirstLady.ManyAfrican-Ameircanblogshavewrittenaboutwhatthey’dliketoseeMichellebringtotheWhiteHouse—mainlyshowingtheworldthatablackwomancansupporthermanandraiseastrongblackfamily.Michellewillhavetoworktopleaseeveryone—animpossibletask.ButformanyAfrican-Americanwomenlikeme,justalittleofherpoise（沉着）,confidenceandintelligencewillgoalongwayinchanginganimagethat’sbeenaroundforfartoolong.

57.WhydoesMichelleObamaholdastrongfascinationfortheauthor?

A）SheservesasarolemodelforAfrican-Americanwomen.

B）ShepossessesmanyadmirablequalitiesbecomingaFirstLady.

C）ShewillpresenttotheworldanewimageofAfrican-Americanwomen.

D）ShewillpaycloserattentiontotheinterestsofAfrican-Americanwomen.

58.WhatisthecommonstereotypeofAfrican-Americanwomenaccordingtotheauthor?

A）Theyarevictimsoffamilyviolence.

B）Theyareofaninferiorsocialgroup.

C）Theyusequitealotofbodylanguage.

D）Theyliveoncharityandsocialwelfare.

59.WhatdomanyAfrican-Americanswriteaboutintheirblogs.

A）WhetherMichellecanliveuptothehighexpectationsofherfans.

B）HowMichelleshouldbehaveasapublicfigure.

C）HowproudtheyaretohaveablackwomanintheWhiteHouse.

D）WhatMichelleshoulddoaswifeandmotherintheWhiteHouse.

60.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutMichelleObamaasaFirstLady?

A）Howevermanyfansshehas,sheshouldremainmodest.

B）Sheshouldn’tdisappointtheAfircan-Americancommunity.

C）Howeverhardshetries,shecan’texpecttopleaseeverybody.

D）ShewillgiveprioritytoAfrican-Americanwomen’sconcerns.

61.WhatdomanyAfrican-AmericanwomenhopeMichelleObamawilldo?

A）Helpchangetheprevailingviewaboutblackwomen.

B）HelpherhusbandinthetaskofchangingAmerica.

C）OutshinepreviousFirstLadies.

D）Fullydisplayherfinequalities.

PassageTwo

Questions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Whennextyear’scropofhigh-schoolgraduatesarriveatOxfordUniversityinthefallof2009,they’llbejoinedbyanewface:

AndrewHamilton,the55-year-oldprovost（教务长）ofYale,who’llbecomeOxford’svice-chancellor—apositionequivalenttouniversitypresidentinAmerica.

Hamiltonisn’ttheonlyeducatorcrossingtheAtlantic.SchoolsinFrance,Egypt,Singapore,etc.havealsorecentlymadetop-levelhiresfromabroad.Highereducationhasbecomeabigandcompetitivebusinessnowadays,andlikesomanybusinesses,it’sgoneglobal.Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-levelpersonneltendtoheadinonlyonedirection:

outwardfromAmerica.

ThechiefreasonisthatAmericanschoolsdon’ttendtoseriouslyconsiderlookingabroad.Forexample,whentheboardoftheUniversityofColoradosearchedforanewpresident,itwantedaleaderfamiliarwiththestategovernment,amajorsourceoftheuniversity’sbudget.“Wedidn’tdoanyglobalconsideration,”saysPatriciaHays,theboard’schair.TheboardultimatelypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivist（活动家）whoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitypresident:

fund-raising.Fund-raisingisadistinctivelyAmericanthing,sinceU.S.schoolsrelyheavilyondonations.Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.

ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentongovernmentfunding.Butgovernmentsupporthasfailedtokeeppacewithrisingstudentnumbers.Thedeclineingovernmentsupporthasmadefund-raisinganincreasinglynecessaryabilityamongadministrators,andhashiringcommitteeshungryforAmericans.

Inthepastfewyears,prominentschoolsaroundtheworldhavejoinedthetrend.In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen（监督）“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition.”

Ofcourse,fund-raisingisn’ttheonlyskilloutsidersoffer.Theglobalizationofeducationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindtopromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.Foreignerscanofferafreshperspectiveonestablishedpractices.

62.Whatisthecurrenttrendinhighereducationdiscussedinthepassage?

A）InstitutionsworldwidearehiringadministratorsfromtheU.S.

B）Alotofpoliticalactivistsarebeingrecruitedasadministrators.

C）Americanuniversitiesareenrollingmoreinternationalstudents.

D）Universitypresidentsarepayingmoreattentiontofund-raising.

63.WhatisthechiefconsiderationofAmericanuniversitieswhenhiringtop-leveladministrators?

A）Theirpoliticalcorrectness.

B）Theirabilitytoraisefunds.

C）Theirfameinacademiccircles.

D）Theiradministrativeexperience.

64.WhatdowelearnaboutEuropeanuniversitiesfromthepassage?

A）Thetuitionstheychargehavebeenrisingconsiderably.

B）Theiroperationisunderstrictgovernmentsupervision.

C）Theyarestrengtheningtheirpositionbyglobalization.

D）Mostoftheirrevenuescomefromthegovernment.

65.CambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichardasitsvice-chancellorchieflybecause________.

A）shewasknowntobegoodatraisingmoney

B）shecouldhelpstrengthenitstieswithYale

C）sheknewhowtoattractstudentsoverseas

D）shehadboostedYale’sacademicstatus

66.Inwhatwaydotop-leveladministratorsfromabroadcontributetouniversitydevelopment?

A）Theycanenhancetheuniversity’simage.

B）Theywillbringwiththemmoreinternationalfaculty.

C）Theywillviewalotofthingsfromanewperspective.

D）Theycansetupnewacademicdisciplines.

答案57.C58.B59.D60.C61.A62.A63.B64.D65.A66.C

2009/6Passageone

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

TheJanuaryfashionshow,calledFutureFashion,exemplifiedhowfargreendesignhascome.OrganizedbytheNewYork-basednonprofitEarthPledge,theshowinspiredmanytopdesignerstoworkwithsustainablefabricsforthefirsttime.Severalhavesincemadepledgestoincludeorganicfabricsintheirlines.

Thedesignerswhoundertakegreenfashionstillfacemanychallenges.ScottHahn,cofounderwithGregoryofRoganandLoomstate,whichusesall-organiccotton,sayshigh-qualitysustainablematerialscanstillbetoughtofind.“Mostdesignerswithexistinglabelsarefindingtherearen’tcomparablefabricsthatcanjustreplacewhatyou’redoingandwhatyourcustomersareusedto,”hesays.Forexample,organiccottonandnon-organiccottonarevirtuallyindistinguishableoncewovenintoadress.Butsomepopularsynthetics,likestretchnylon,stillhavefeweco-friendlyequivalents.

Thosewhodomaketheswitcharefindingtheyhavemoresupport.LastyeartheinfluentialtradeshowDesigners&Agentsstoppedchargingitsparticipationfeeforyounggreenentrepreneurs（企业家）whoattenditstwospringtimeshowsinLosAngelesandNewYorkandgavespecialrecognitiontodesignerswhosecollectionsareatleast25%sustainable.Itnowcountsmorethan50greendesigners,upfromfewerthanadozentwoyearsago.ThisweekWal-Martissettoannounceamajorinitiativeaimedathelpingcottonfarmersgoorganic:

itwillbuytransitional（过渡型的）cottonathigherprices,thushelpingtoexpandthesupplyofakeysustainablematerial.“Mainstreamisabouttooccur,”saysHahn.

Someanalysts（分析师）arelesssure.Amongconsumers,only18%areevenawarethatecofashionexists,upfrom6%fouryearsago.NatalieHormilla,afashionwriter,isanexampleoftheunconvertedconsumer,whenaskedifsheownedanysustainableclothes,shereplied:

“NotthatI’mawareof.”Likemostconsumers,shefindslittletimetoshop,andwhenshedoes,she’sonthehuntfor“cutestuffthatisn’ttooexpensive.”Byherownadmission,greenjustisn’tyetonhermind.But–thankstothecombinedeffortsofdesigners,retailersandsuppliers–onedayitwillbe.

57.WhatissaidaboutFutureFashion?

A）Itinspiredmanyleadingdesignerstostartgoinggreen.

B）Itshowedthatdesignersusingorganicfab