完整word版常见英语词汇辨析超好总结版推荐文档.docx
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6级词汇辨析
◣词语大辨析◥-§①
abandon，desert，forsake，quit都含有一定的"放弃"之意
abandon指完全、永远地放弃,尤指对之负有责任或义务者,放弃一个项目或计划
desert强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等（擅离职守）
forsake指遗弃以前所爱的人或事物,着重于断绝情感上的依恋eg.forsakeone'swifeandchildren遗弃妻儿;forsakebadhabits摈弃坏习惯
quit指突然或出其不意地放弃,现一般指"停止"eg.quitwork停止工作
Exercises（choosethebestanswer&translateeverysentence）:
1.Hispresenceofmindnever__him.
A.desertedB.leftC.lostD.quit
2.Despitesomedifficulties,they'renotgoingto__theplan.
A.abandonB.desertC.forsakeD.quit
3.__itout!
A.ForsakeB.QuitC.GiveupD.Desert
4.ArnoldSchwarzeneggerhas__thetheaterforpolitics.
A.desertedB.forsookC.quitD.exchanged
1.Hispresenceofmindneverdesertedhim.他从不失去镇静.
2.Despitesomedifficulties,they'renotgoingtoabandontheplan.尽管他们遇到了一些困难,但并不打算放弃这个计划.
3.Quititout!
住嘴./住手.
4.ArnoldSchwarzeneggerhasforsookthetheaterforpolitics.阿诺德•施瓦辛格弃艺从政了
◣词语大辨析◥-§②
accessory，decoration，ornament都含有一定的"装饰品"之意
accessory[常作pl.]指（女性的）装饰品,（手提包,些,手套,帽子,项链,耳环等）
decoration指为了装饰某物所使用的艳丽好看的装饰品
ornament指一般装饰品（ornament在作动词时常可和decorate互换）
Garnish配菜
1.Thehallis___withflowersandflags.
A.fullB.filledC.garnishedD.decorated
2.TheChristmastreewasdecoratedwithshinning___suchascoloredlightsandglassballs.
A.ornamentsB.luxuriesC.exhibitsD.complements
3.Sheworeagreenwoolsuitwithmatching___.
A.decorationsB.ornamentC.accessoriesD.appendix
4.Canyouhelpmeto___afishwithslicesoflemon.
A.addB.garnishC.decorateD.ornament
1.Thehallisdecoratedwithflowersandflags.大厅里装饰着鲜花和旗帜.（此句也能用ornament替换.）
2.TheChristmastreewasdecoratedwithshinningornamentssuchascoloredlightsandglassballs.圣诞树被一些闪亮的装饰物点缀着,如彩灯和玻璃球.
3.Sheworeagreenwoolsuitwithmatchingaccessories.她穿了一件绿色的羊毛套装,佩戴着得体的首饰.
4.Canyouhelpmetogarnishafishwithslicesoflemon.你能帮我在鱼上加配柠檬片吗?
（garnish多用于对烹饪、菜式的装饰,如加调味料,加配材料等）
◣词语大辨析◥-§③:
accomplish，complete，end，finish都含有"完成"之意
accomplish指成功地完成预期的计划或达到预期的目的或成果
complete指完成一件指派或预定的任务，或完善、完整未完成的部分
end指一个动作或一件事情的结束或终止
finish指把一件事或一个动作做完，强调事情的了结、终止
1.Wetriedtosettletheargumentbut___nothing.
A.accomplishedB.completedC.endedD.finished
2.Thetermwill___earlyinJuly.
A.accomplishB.completeC.endD.finish
3.Thebuildingwas___in1962..
A.accomplishedB.completedC.endedD.finished
4.Whenwilltheworkbe___.
A.accomplishedB.completedC.endedD.finished
5.比较:
Ihavefinishedthebook.和Ihavecompletedabook.分别释为何意呢?
1.Wetriedtosettletheargumentbutaccomplishednothing.我们试图解决争端,但未成功.
2.ThetermwillendearlyinJuly.学期将在七月初结束.
3.Thebuildingwasfinishedin1962.大厦建成于1962年.
4.Whenwilltheworkbecompleted.工作什么时候完结?
5.Ihavefinishedthebook.我读完了那本书.
Ihavecompletedabook.我写完了一本书.
◤词语大辨析◢-§.④
accurate，correct，delicate，exact，precise都含有一定的"正确,精确"之意
accurate准确的，精确的，指某人或某事不仅不出错，而且与事实无出入，强调准确性
correct正确的，指某人或某事合乎事实或公认的标准或规则，没有错误
delicate精美、精细的、雅致的
exact确切的、精确的,语气较accurate强,指某人或某事数量或质量完全符合事实或标准,而且在细致末节上也丝毫不差
precise精密的,指具有高度的精确性和准确性,强调范围界限的鲜明性或细节的精密,有时略带"吹毛求疵"的贬义
1.Hispaintingisa/an___copyoftheoriginal.
A.exactB.preciseC.correctD.accurate
2.Lasertechnologyhasenhancedthe___ofmanysurgicalprocedures.
A.detailB.costC.exactionD.precision
3.Wehopetobecomemore___inpredictingearthquakes.
A.exactB.correctC.preciseD.accurate
4.It’sthe___thingtodo.
A.accurateB.preciseC.exactD.correct
5.Oneofhiseyeswasinjuredinanaccident,butaftera___operation,hequicklyrecoveredhissight.
A.preciseB.delicateC.considerateD.exact
1.Hispaintingisa/anexactcopyoftheoriginal.他的画是与原作丝毫不差的临摹作品.
2.Lasertechnologyhasenhancedtheprecisionofmanysurgicalprocedures.激光技术已大大提高了外科手术的精确度.
3.Wehopetobecomemoreaccurateinpredictingearthquakes.我们希望能更准确地预测地震.（beaccuratein…在…方面很精确）
4.It`sthecorrectthingtodo.正应如此.
5.Oneofhiseyeswasinjuredinanaccident,butafteradelicateoperation,hequicklyrecoveredhissight.他的一只眼睛在事故中受伤,但经过精细的手术以后很快恢复了视力.
◤词语大辨析◢-§.⑤
accuse，charge，indict都含有一定的"指控,控告"之意
accuse:
Accusesb.ofdoingsth.为…指责某人,控告某人
charge:
chargesb.withdoingsth.指控某人…
indict:
具体用法见练习3、4、5句
1.Thesoldierwas___ofrunningawaywhentheenemyattacked.
A.scoldedB.chargedC.accusedD.punished
2.He___mewithnegligenceofduty.
A.accusedB.blamedC.chargedD.indicted
3.Thepolice___himasarioter.
A.indictedB.accusedC.chargedD.punished
4.Hiscompany___himforsabotage.
A.accusedB.indictedC.blamedD.charged
5.Hewas___onachargeofmurder.
A.accusedB.chargedC.punishedD.indicted
1.Thesoldierwasaccusedofrunningawaywhentheenemyattacked.这个士兵被指控为临阵逃脱.
2.Hechargedmewithnegligenceofduty.他指控我玩忽职守.
3.Thepoliceindictedhimasarioter.警察指控他为扰乱治安者.（Indictsb.as…指控某人为…）
4.Hiscompanyindictedhimforsabotage他公司告发他的破坏行为.（indictsbforsth.告发某人…）
5.Hewasindictedonachargeofmurder.他因犯杀人罪被起诉.（sb.beindictedonachargeof…因犯…被告发）
◤词语大辨析◢-§.⑥
achieve,acquire,attain,gain,obtain都含有一定的"获得,达到"之意
achieve强调由于极大的努力,克服困难后达到目标
acquire指经过不懈努力才获得的技术,知识等抽象的东西,也指养成习惯等
attain正式用语,指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美境地
gain指需要做出比obtain更大的努力,往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西
obtain指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间儿得到所需要的东西
1.Aftersomanyyearsofhardwork,hefinally___success.
A.obtainedB.acquiredC.achievedD.gained
2.Shehas___someveryunpleasanthabitsrecently.
A.obtainedB.gainedC.attainedD.acquired
3.Intyphoon,winds___aspeedgreaterthan120kmperhour.
A.assumeB.accomplishC.attainD.assemble
4.Inthesecondexperimentthey___averyclearresult.
A.obtainedB.acquiredC.wonD.attained
5.No___withoutpains.
A.obtainsB.gainsC.attainsD.acquires
6.She___agoodknowledgeofEnglishfromMr.Chen'slectures.
A.achievedB.attainedC.acquiredD.gained
1.Aftersomanyyearsofhardwork,hefinallyachievedsuccess.经过这么多年努力,他终于获得了成功.
2.Shehasacquiredsomeveryunpleasanthabitsrecently.她最近养成了一些不良的习惯.
3.Intyphoon,windsattainaspeedgreaterthan120kmperhour.发生台风时,风速每小时高达120公里.
4.Inthesecondexperimenttheyobtainedaveryclearresult.在第二次试验中他们的到了一个非常清楚的结果.
5.Nogainswithoutpains.不劳则无获.
6.SheacquiredagoodknowledgeofEnglishfromMr.Chen'slectures.他从陈教授的讲座中学到很多英语知识.
◤词语大辨析◢-§.⑦
acknowledge,admit,concede,confess,recognize都含有一定的"承认"之意
acknowledge着重”公开承认”,常用来指过去曾隐瞒或否认的事
admit是指在压力下不得不承认已经证实或难以否认的事实,供认（事实,错误等）
concede（不情愿地）承认,（在结果确定前）承认失败
confess着重承认自己的过错或罪恶
recognize指正式承认主权、权利等
1.He___thatthestatementwastrueinanargument.
A.concededB.admittedC.confessedD.recognized
2.She___havingbeenatfault.
A.admittedB.confessedC.acknowledgedD.recognized
3.Thenewlawwasgenerallyadmitted___difficulttoenforce.
A.beingB.tobeingC.tobeD.tohave
4.Althoughtheyhadsufferedheavylosses,theyrefusedto___defeat.
A.concedeB.conserveC.admitD.assert
5.Finallyhehasto___himselfguilty.
A.concedeB.confessC.admitD.acknowledge
6.Mr.Zhangwas___asthelegitimaterepresentative.
A.acknowledgeB.admittedC.concededD.recognized
A.C.C.A.B.D
1.Heconcededthatthestatementwastrueinanargument.他在辩论中承认对方的说法是正确的.（有点不情愿的承认）
2.Sheacknowledgedhavingbeenatfault.他承认自己曾犯过错误.
3.Thenewlawwasgenerallyadmittedtobedifficulttoenforce.大家普遍认为,新的法律很难实施.（admit后面可跟名词或动名词作宾语,不根不定式作宾语,但可接不定式作宾补.此句中admit为被动结构,所以用tobedifficulttoenforce作主语补语.）
4.Althoughtheyhadsufferedheavylosses,theyrefusedtoconcededefeat.虽然他们已遭受惨重损失,但还是不肯认输.
5.Finallyhehastoconfesshimselfguilty.最终他不得不认罪.（confessoneself认罪）
6.Mr.Zhangwasrecognizedasthelegitimaterepresentativeofthecompany.张先生背城认为公司的合法代表.
◤词语大辨析◢-§⑧
affirm，assert，allege，claim都含有一定的"宣称，断言"之意
affirm断言,肯定,指根据事实坚定不移地宣称,有无可争辩之意
assert宣称,坚持,指不管事实如何,主观自信地宣称
allege宣称,断定,指在无真实凭据情况下宣称,硬说
claim声称,主张,往往表示说话者反对或不同意某一观点
1.Politiciansmoreoften___theirdesireforretirementthanshowthattheyreallymeanit.
A.assertB.claimC.allegeD.affirm
2.Thesuspect___thathehadnotbeenintheneighborhood.
A.advocatedB.allegedC.addressedD.announced
3.He___hisbeliefthatshewasinnocent.
A.affirmedB.assertedC.maintainedD.stressed
4.He___thatthiscouldbedone.
A.affirmedB.allegedC.assertedD.claimed
5.Don’t___toknowwhatyoudon’tknow.
A.claimedB.assertedC.allegedD.affirmed
1.Politiciansmoreoftenaffirmtheirdesireforretirementthanshowthattheyreallymeanit.政治家经常声称他们想退休,但未必是真的.
2.Thesuspectallegedthathehadnotbeenintheneighborhood.嫌疑犯生成案发时他并不在现场.
3.Heassertedhisbeliefthatshewasinnocent.他坚持自己的想法,她是无辜的.
4.Heassertedthatthiscouldbedone..他宣称这是可行的.
5.Don'tclaimtoknowwhatyoudon'tknow.不要强不知以为知.
◤词语大辨析◢-§⑨
alarm,dread,fear,fright,horror,panic,terror都含有一定的"惊恐"之意
alarm惊恐,忧虑,指突然遇到危险产生的紧张,害怕,惊慌失措的心理状态,也可指一般的担心忧虑（take/feelalarmat…因…而惊恐）
dread担忧,惧怕,多指因预料有危险和不愉快的事面临而产生的不安心情,比fear更为强烈的恐惧
fear表示恐惧最普通的用语,指遇到危险或灾难内心感到不安或发慌
fright指突然的惊恐
horror令人毛骨悚然,使人极其厌恶的恐怖（常用于强调表现出恐怖的现象或行为,而不强调引起恐怖的原因）
panic恐慌（指吃惊以后随之而来的不知所措,神经几乎失控的状态）
terror恐怖（指个人安全受到严重威胁时所产生的巨大恐惧及惊骇）
1.Thereisnothingtoget___about.
A.alarmedB.fearedC.horrifiedD.terrified
2.Shehadalwaysbeenin___ofmeetingwithanaccident.
A.horrorB.alarmC.terrorD.dread
3.Ourcat___dogs.
A.alarmsB.fearsC.panicsD.dreads
4.Idon't___easily.
A.fearB.dreadC.frightenD.alarm
5.Theywatchwith___asthetightropewalkerstruggledtoremainhisbalance.
A.panicB.alarmC.horrorD.terror
6.Alltheresidentsofthetown___whentherewasabigfireinthesupermarket.
A.panicB.panickedC.surprisedD.shocked
7.Shewas___outofhersenses.
A.alarmedB.fearedC.horrorD.terrified
1.Thereisnothingtoget
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