写作议论文类型 提纲 常用句型.docx

写作议论文类型 提纲 常用句型.docx

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写作议论文类型提纲常用句型

（一）对比观点型议论文

1.结构模式

（1）引出话题→一种观点认为……另一种观点认为……→我的观点（结论）（范文1）

（2）描述一事物（现象）→分析其优点→分析其缺点→我的态度（范文2、3）

2.写作要领

考生比较阐述两个不同的观点或分析某事物（现象）的优缺点时，要有自己的观点倾向。

对自己赞同的观点可以少花笔墨，以便在表达自己的观点时还有话可说；对自己反对的观点可以多花些笔墨进行驳斥。

如果提纲所列的两个观点自己都不同意，在评论这两个观点时可以平分笔墨。

考生在文章的最后表明自己的态度和看法时，最好给出相应的理由或者提出更好的建议以减少某现象（事物）可能带来的负面效应。

另外，在分别说明论述两种不同观点、某事物（现象）的优缺点、提出建议时，切忌凌乱，一定要有条理。

可以使用一些过渡词或词组，如：

firstly，secondly，finally；foronething，foranother等。

3.范文（下划线部分为每段主题句）

范文

（1）

Directions:

Inthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionofnolessthan100wordsunderthetitleofwhywework.Yourcompositionshouldbebasedonthefollowingoutlinegiveninenglish.

Outline:

1.Somepeoplelivetowork.

2.Otherpeopeworktolive.

3.Youropinion.

WhyWeWork

Whydowework?

Theanswersdifferfromonepersontoanotherbecausetheyadoptdifferentattitudestowardswork.Somepeoplelivetowork.Theydevotethemselvestotheirwork.Theaimforwhichtheyworkistorealizethevalueoflife,topromotethedevelopmentofsocietyandtomakemorepeoplelivehappily.Theymakegreatcontributiontosocietyandatthesametimetheyalsofindpleasurefromtheirwork.

Onthecontrary,otherpeopleworktolive.Theyregardworkasawayofmakingaliving.Thepurposeforwhichtheyworkistokilltimeortomakeenoughmoneytosupportthemselvesandtheirfamilies.Theyoftenconsiderworkaswhattheyhavetodo.Sotheycan'tpickuppleasureandenjoymentfromtheirwork.Suchpeople,oncetheycanaffordtosupportthemselvesandtheirfamilies,perhapsquittheirwork.

Inmyopinpion,weshouldn'tgototheextremes.Sincewearemembersofsociety,weshoulddowhatwecantobetteritsothatwecanliveinmorecomfortableandmoreconvenientsurroundings.Goodlifeisanassuranceofsmoothwork.Onlywhenwerealizethiscanwelivehappilyandworkwell.

范文

（2）

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicElectronicDictionaries.Youshouldwriteatleast150words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow:

1.电子词典有很多好处。

2.电子词典也有许多弊端。

3.你的看法。

ElectronicDictionaries

Inrecentyearselectronicdictionarieshavebecomeverypopularasastudyaid（辅助工具）amongstudents.

Comparedwithatraditionaldictionary,thiskindofnewdictionaryhasmanyadvantages.First,incomparisonwithatraditionaldictionary,itisobviouslyveryhandyandconvenient.Besides,duetoitsmultifunction,itisalsoveryhelpful.ItcannotonlytranslatewordsfromEnglishtoChinese,butvicevera.Someevencanteachalearnerhowtopronounceaword.Mostimportantofall,mostoftheentries（词条）inelectronicdictionariesarecomparativelyupdated.

Ontheotherhand,anelectronicdictionaryhasitsdisadvantages.Tobeginwith,thedefinitionsintheentriesareverylimited.Inaddition,therearenotenoughexplanations,patterns,orexamplestoillustratethecorrectusageofaword.Lastbutleast,constantuseofthisstudyaidmakespeopletoomuchattachedto（过于依赖）thedictionaryandbecomelazy,whichwillleadthemtoformapassiveandlazyattitudetowardslearning.

AsfarasIamconcerned,weshoulduseitproerlyandshouldhaveagoodEnglishdictionaryathandandtreattheelectroniconeasamakeshift（权宜之计）,whennecessary.

范文（3）

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed40minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicwheretolive----intheCityortheCountry.Youshouldwrite120--150words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow:

1.Conveniencesofthecity.

2.Attractionsofthecountry.

3.Disadvantagesofboth.

4.Mypreferenece.

WheretoLive----intheCityortheCountry

Whenaskedaboutwheretolive--inthecityorthecountry,somepeoplewouldsaythattheypreferlivinginthecitythaninthecountrybecausethereareplentyofcolorfulamusementshigh-developedtransportationsystemsandconvenientcommunicationfacilitieswhicharenecessaryforourdailylife.Moreover,stylishfashion,strongcultureatmospherealsoattractthem.

However,otherpeopleholdthatlivinginthecountryenjoysmoreadvantages.Theypointoutthatmostpeoplearelongingforundisturbedandrelaxedstyleofcountrylife.Theyalsobelievethatfreshair,peacefulenvironments，beautifulsceneryofcountrysideandspaciouslivingplacesarebeneficialtoone'shealthandmood.

Everycoinhasitstwosides,however.Bothlivinginthecityandlivinginthecountryhavetheirunavoidabledisadvantages.Ononehand,livinginthecity,onehastobreathethepollutedair,bearnoises,crowdedstreetsandtrafficjams.Ontheotherhand,peopleinthecountryoftencomplainabouttheirmonotone（单调的）lifewhichmakespeopleincreasinglyslack（懒散）.

Personally,Iprefertoliveinthecountry.Withthedevelopmentofthecountry,thedifferenecesbetweencityandcountryaredisappearing.Andsomefacilitiesonceonlyinthecityarealsosetupinthecountry.SoIthinklifeinthecountrywillbecomemoresuitableforpeople.

（AsfarasIamconcerned,Iprefertoliveinthecity,becauseIcannotstandlivingatediousandlonelylifeinthecountry.Andthecitylifeisbusyenoughtodispel（消除）myemptiness.）

4.对比观点型议论文模板

模板1

Whenitcomesto____某话题____，opinionsvary/differfrompersontoperson.Somepeopleclaimthat____一种观点____issuperiorto____另一种观点____inmanyways.First,____理由一____.Secondly,___理由二___.Lastbutnotleast,____理由三____.

Nevertheless（然而）,otherpeoplearguethattheopposite/reverse（相反的观点）istrue./Otherpeoplebelievethat_____另一种观点_____enjoysmoreadvantages.Foronething,____理由一____.Foranother,____理由二____.

（Thereare，however,somedisadvantagesofeachone.Forexample,_____一种观点的缺点_____.Ontheotherhand,____另一种观点的缺点____.）（可省略）

Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,Ipersonallythink____第一/二种观点____carriesmoreweightsthan____第二/一种观点____since____概括理由_____.

模板2

Thereisageneraldiscussionnowadaysastotheissueof____某现象____.Thosewhofavor/advocate（赞同）____该现象____argue/contend（认为）that__正面观点__.Tobeginwith,____优点一____Inaddition,____优点二____.Moreimportantly,___优点三___.

Butpeoplewhoobjectto/criticize/oppose（反对、批评）___该现象___maintain/assert（坚持认为）thatthedisadvantagesaremoreevident/apparent（明显）.Inthefirstplace,____缺点一____.Inthesecondplace,____缺点二____.Finally,____缺点三____.

Weighing（权衡）theadvantagesanddisadvantagesof____该现象____,Iaminclinedto（倾向于）agreetotheformer/latterpointofview,for____概括理由____.

5对比观点型议论文常用句型

1）点明文章主题的常用句式。

1....hasbecomeahottopic（热点话题）amongpeoplerecently.Opinionsvaryfrompersontoperson.（不同的人持有不同的观点）

2.Thereisanargument/muchdisagreement/noconsensusofopinions（意见不一致）amongpeopleconcerning/over/asto/on...（关于。

。

。

话题）

3.Thereisapublicdebate/discussion/controversy（争论）nowadaysabouttheprobemof...

4.Whenbeingaskedabout...differentpeoplewillofferdifferentanswers.

5.Theissueofwhetherornot...shouldbeallowedhasbeenwidelyargued/debatedcurrently（当前）.

2）具体介绍两种对立观的常用句式

1　Somepeoplesuggest/maintain/arguethat...But/However/While/Nevertheless/Yetotherpeopleholdadifferentpointofviewthat.../argue/claimthattheopposite/reverseistrue.

2　Somepeopleareinclinedtothinkthat...Onthecontrary/Incontrast,therearestillmanypeoplewhowon'tagree,andtheyclaimthat...

3　Thosewhocriticize/areopposedto/objectto...arguethat...Butpeoplewhoadvocate/favor...ontheotherhand,maintain/assertthat...

4　Nowitiscommonly/generally/widely/universallythought/accepted/believed/heldthat...ButIstillbelieve...

5　Nowadays,anoverwhelmingmajorityofpeople（绝大多数人）thinkthat...Nevertheless,therearestillsomepeopleholdthat（认为）...

3）说明事物优点的常用句式。

6　Thereareseveraladvantagesin/of...Thebiggest/firstadvantageisthat...

7　Nothing/Fewthingscanequal/match/becomparedwith（没有什么可与之相比）...intermsof...

8　Forall/Inspiteof/Despitethedisadvantages/sideeffects（负面影响、副作用）,ithasitscompensatingadvantages/beneficialeffects（有利的）.

9　...hasapositiveimpact/influence/effectonpeople'slife.

10　...isplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinpeoples'slife.

11　

4）说明事物缺点的常用句式。

12　However,...justlikeanythingelse,hasitsnegativeside/somedrawbacks（缺点）aswell.

13　Ofcourse,thedisadvantagescannotbeignored.

14　However,...mayalsocause/bringabout/leadto/resultin/contributetosomeproblems.

15　Astheproverbgoes（正如谚语所说）:

"Everycoinhasitstwosides/Nogardeniswithoutitsweeds/everymedalhasitsreverse"（任何事物都有它的两面性），...isnoexception（。

。

。

也不例外）.

16　...isatwo-edgedsword.（...是一把双刃剑，即既有好处也有坏处）

17　However,thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent/obvious/evident（显而易见）.Tobeginwith...Tomakemattersworse...Worstofall...

18　Thesideeffectsof...thathasexertedon（施加于）humanbeingscanbeboileddownto（归结为）severalmajoronesasfollows（以下几个主要方面）.First,...Second,...Inaddition。

。

。

5）表明利大于弊的常用句式

19　Astome,Ithinktheadvantagesoutweigh/carrymoreweightthan（胜过、多于）thedisadvantages.

20　Anyway,Istillbelieve...hasmoreadvantagesthandisadvantages.

21　Butforme,Ithinkwhatismoreimportantisitspositiveside.

22　Theadvantageof/derivedfrom...faroutweigh/aremuchgreaterthanthedisadvantaes/problems...entails（引发）。

6）陈述自己观点的常用句式。

23　Formypart/Astome/AsfarasIamconcerned,I'dliketoagreetotheformerpointofview./Myfavorgoestothefirstpointofview.

24　Thereareprobablysometruthsinbotharguments/statements.Itistruethat...But..

25　Inmyopinion,bothsidesarepartlyright.Whenwe...,weshouldtakeintoconsiderationallaspectsoftheproblemsandthenmaketherightdecision.

26　Iagreetothelatteropiniontosomeextent（一定程度上同意）.

27　Personally,Iprefer/I'minfavorof/onthesideof...

28