精选备考高考题库《阅读理解13》.docx

精选备考高考题库《阅读理解13》.docx

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精选备考高考题库《阅读理解13》

精选备考高考题库《阅读理解（13）》

（含详解）：

备战2012高考，精选阅读试题，适合高三第一轮复习使用，希望对大家有帮助。

第一周

TheQueen’sEnglishisnowsoundinglessupper-class,ascientificstudyoftheQueen’sChristmasbroadcastshadfound.ResearchershavestudiedeachofhermessagestotheCommonwealthcountriessince1952tofindoutthechangeinherpronunciationfromthenobleUpperReceivedtotheStandardReceived.

JonathanHarrington,aprofessoratGermany’sUniversityofMunich,wantedtodiscoverwhetheraccent（口音）changersrecordedoverthepasthalfcenturywouldtakeplacewithinoneperson.“AsfarasIknow,therejustisnobodyelseforwhomthereisthissortofbroadcastrecords,”hesaid.

Hesaidthenoblewayofpronouncingvowels（元音）hadgraduallylostgroundasthenobleupper-classaccentoverthepastyears.“Heraccentsoundsslightlylessnoblethanitdid50yearsago.Butthesearevery,verysmallandslowchangesthatwedon’tnoticefromyeartoyear.”

“Wemaybeabletorelateittochangesinthesocialclasses,”hetoldTheDailyTelegraph,aBritishnewspaper.“In1952shewouldhavebeenheardsaying‘thetmeninthebleckhet’.Nowitwouldbe‘thatmanintheblackhat’.And‘hame’ratherthan‘home’.Inthe1950sshewouldhavebeen‘lorst’,butbythe1970s‘lost’.”

TheQueen’sbroadcastisapersonalmessagetotheCommonwealthcountries.EachChristmas,the10-minutebroadcastisputonTVat3pminBritainasmanyfamiliesarerecoveringfromtheirtraditionalturkeylunch.（传统火鸡午餐）.

Theresultswerepublished（发表）intheJournalofPhonetics.

1.TheQueen’sbroadcastswerechosenforthestudymainlybecause______.

A.shehasbeenQueenformanyyears

B.shehasalessupper-classaccentnow

C.herspeechesarefamiliartomanypeople

D.herspeecheshavebeenrecordedfor50years

2.WhichofthefollowingisanexampleofalessnobleaccentinEnglish?

A.“duaty”B.“citee”C.“hame”D.“lorst”

3.WemayinferfromthetextthattheJournalofPhoneticsisamagazineon_________.

A.speechsoundsB.Christmascustoms

C.TVbroadcastingD.personalmessages

4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Therelationshipbetweenaccentsandsocialclasses.

B.TheQueen’sChristmasspeechesonTV.

C.Thechangesinaperson’saccent.

D.TherecentdevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguage.

1.D。

细节理解题。

第二段最后一句AsfarasIknow,therejustisnobodyelseforwhomthereisthissortofbroadcastrecords可知只有女王的讲话录音完整，具有研究的价值。

2.B。

细节判断题。

从文章第三段第一句Hesaidthenoblewayofpronouncingvowels（元音）hadgraduallylostgroundasthenobleupper-classaccentoverthepastyears.可知，研究者主要是研究女王发音的元音的变化。

四个选项中只有B项中的元音没有变化，其余三个在第四段可以看出现在都有变化。

3.A。

推理判断题。

从文章德内容得知，研究者是研究女王50年来口音的变化，属于语音类的研究，所以研究成果应刊登在语音学杂志上。

由此推断JournalofPhonetics是一本有关语言方面的杂志。

4C。

主旨大意题。

文章开头一句TheQueen’sEnglishisnowsoundinglessupper-class,ascientificstudyoftheQueen’sChristmasbroadcastshadfound.就是文章的中心句，其后内容就是围绕这一话题展开的，故主要是讲述一个人口音随着时间的变化。

Somethinginchocolatecouldbeusedtostopcoughsandleadtomoreeffectivemedicines,sayUKresearchers.

Theirstudyfoundthattheobromine,foundincocoa,wasnearlyathirdmoreeffectiveinstoppingcoughsthancodeine,whichwasconsideredthebestcoughmedicineatpresent.

TheImperialCollegeLondonresearcherswhopublishedtheirresultsonlinesaidthediscoverycouldleadtomoreeffectivecoughtreatment.“Whilecoughingisnotnecessarilyharmful（有害的）itcanhaveamajoreffectonthequalityoflife,andthisdiscoverycouldbeahugestepforwardintreatingthisproblem,”saidProfessorPeterBarnes.

Tenhealthyvolunteers（志愿者）weregiventheobromine,codeineorplacebo,apillthatcontainsnomedicine,duringtheexperiment.Neitherthevolunteersnortheresearchersknewwhoreceivedwhichpill.Theresearchersthenmeasuredlevelsofcapsaicin,whichisusedinresearchtocausecoughingandasasignofhowwellthemedicinearestoppingcoughs.

Theteamfoundthat,whenthevolunteersweregiventheobromine,thecapsaicinneedtoproduceacoughwasaroundathirdhigherthanintheplacebogroup.Whentheyweregivencodeinetheyneedonlyslightlyhigherleversofcapsaicintocauseacoughcomparedwiththeplacebo.

Theresearcherssaidthattheobromineworkedbykeepingdownaverveactivity（神经活动）,whichcausecoughing.Theyalsofoundthatunlikesomestandardcoughtreatments,theobrominecausednosideeffectssuchassleepiness.

1.AccordingtoProfessorBarnes,theobromine______.

A.cannotbeaseffectiveascodeine

B.canbeharmfultopeople’shealth

C.cannotbeseparatedfromchocolate

D.canbeamoreeffectivecureforcoughs

2.Whatwasusedintheexperimenttocausecoughing?

A.Theobromine.B.Codeine.C.Capsaicin.D.Placebo.

3.Welearnfromthetextthatvolunteersintheexperiment_____.

A.werepatientswithbadcoughs

B.weredividedintothethreegroups

C.receivedstandardtreatments

D.sufferedlittlesideeffects

4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Codeine:

ANewMedicineB.ChocolateMayCureCoughs

C.CoughTreatment:

AHardCaseD.TheobromineCanCauseCoughs

这是一篇科普性读物。

选材于医学的某一方面的研究――对巧克力中theobromine（可可碱）独特的治疗咳嗽的功效的对比研究，证明theobromine（可可碱）是未来有效的治疗咳嗽的良药。

1D。

推理判断题。

从第二段的Theirstudyfoundthattheobromine,foundincocoa,wasnearlyathirdmoreeffectiveinstoppingcoughsthancodeine,whichwasconsideredthebestcoughmedicineatpresent.可看出theobromine比codeine更有效，判断A项错误。

既然它用来止咳，改善人们的生活质量，所以B项错误。

在第一段提到了heobromine是从chocolate里提炼出来的，所以C项错误。

故正确答案是D项。

2C。

细节理解题。

A、B、D三项中的物品是用来做实验的物品。

在文章第四段最后一句Theresearchersthenmeasuredlevelsofcapsaicin,whichisusedinresearchtocausecoughingandasasignofhowwellthemedicinearestoppingcoughs.可知Capsaicin（辣椒素）用来引起咳嗽和作为这些药物如何止咳的依据。

3B。

推理判断题。

从第四段首句Tenhealthyvolunteers（志愿者）weregiventheobromine,codeineorplacebo,apillthatcontainsnomedicine,duringtheexperiment.可知实验中每组人吃一种所给的物品才能看出止咳的效果，故需要三组志愿者。

4B。

归纳主旨题。

本文主要介绍chocolate中含有的一种成分Theobromine能有很好的止咳效果，所以该题的正确答案为B

Alittleunderone-thirdofU.S.familieshavenoInternetaccessanddonotplantogetit,withmostoftheholdoutsseeinglittleuseforitintheirlives,accordingtoasurveyreleasedonFriday.

ParkAssociates,aDallas-basedtechnologymarketresearchfirm,said29percentofU.S.families,or31millionhomes,donothaveInternetaccessanddonotintendtosubscribe（预订）toanInternetserviceoverthenext12months.ThesecondannualNationalTechnologyScanconductedbyParkfoundthatthemainreasonwhypotentialcustomerssaytheydonotsubscribetotheInternetisbecauseofthelowvaluetotheirdailylivesratherthanconcernsovercost.

Forty-fourpercentofthesefamiliessaytheyarenotinterestedinanythingontheInternet,versusjust22percentwhosaytheycannotaffordacomputerorthecostofInternetservice,thesurveyshowed.Theanswer“I’mnotsurehowtousetheInternet”camefrom17percentofparticipantswhodonotsubscribe.Theresponse“Idoallmye-commerceshoppingandYouTube-watchingatwork”wascitedby14percentofInternet-accessusers.ThreepercentsaidtheInternetdoesn’treachtheirhomes.

ThestudyfoundU.S.broadbandadoptiongrewto52percentover2006,upfrom42percentin2005.Roughlyhalfofnewsubscribersconverted（转变）fromslower-speed,dial-upInternetaccesswhiletheotherhalfoffamilieshadnoprioraccess.

“Theindustrycontinuestochip（击破）awayatthecoreofnon-subscribers,buthasalongwaytogo,”saidJohnBarrett,directorofresearchatParksAssociates.“Entertainmentapplicationswillbethekey.Ifanythingwillpullintheholdouts,it’sgoingtobeapplicationsthatmaketheInternetmoresimilartopay-TV,”hepredicted.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“holdouts”inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymean?

A.someAmericanfamilies

B.thosewhoholdoutone’sopinions

C.thosewhohavebeensurveyed

D.thosewhostillhaven’taccesstotheInternetcurrently

2.ManypotentialcustomersrefusetosubscribetotheInternetmainlybecause_________.

A.theyshowtoomuchconcernaboutthecostB.theycanfindlittlevalueofit

C.theydomostYouTube-watchingatworkD.theInternetdoesn’treachtheirhomes

3.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat________.

A.ItisnotaneasyjobtotransformthoseholdoutsintotheInternetusers

B.peoplewilladoptdial-upInternetaccessnomore

C.manyAmericansenjoydoinge-commerceshoppingathome

D.morethanhalfofthepopulationareusingtheInternetin2005

4.AccordingtoJohnBarrett,whatisthekeytoattractingmoreU.S.familiestobroadbandservice?

A.makingtheInternetlookmoresimilartoTVset

B.applyingtheInternetmoretoentertainment

C.providingmorepay-TVprograms

D.chippingawayatthecoreofnon-subscribers

5.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.WebdevelopswithtechnologyB.Thepresentsituationofweb

C.ManyAmericansseelittlepointtowebD.Itisurgenttopromotewebservice

1.D根据前文onethirdoftheU.S.familieshavenoInternetaccessanddonotplantogetit可知

2.B由第二段……foundthemainreasonpotentialcustomerssaytheydonotsubscribetotheInternetisbecauseofthelowvaluetotheirdailylivestheyrecognize……可知

3.A从最后一段第一句可知

4.B由最后一段“Entertainmentapplicationswillbethekey”一句可知

5.C从文章的写作逻辑可知作者主要在谈目前还有三分之一的美国家庭没有网络服务，而B答案太宽泛

第二周

Ifyouwanttohelpchildrendeveloplanguageandspeechskills,UCLAresearcherssay,listeningtowhattheyhavetosayisjustasimportantastalkingtothem.

Theeffectofaconversationbetweenachildandanadultisaboutsixtimesasgreatastheeffectofadultspeechinputalone,theresearchersfound.“Adultsspeakingtochildrenhelpslanguagedevelop,butwhatmattersmuchmoreistheinteraction，”saidthestu