英语高考英语二轮复习 专项训练 阅读理解人物故事及解析.docx

英语高考英语二轮复习 专项训练 阅读理解人物故事及解析.docx

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英语高考英语二轮复习专项训练阅读理解人物故事及解析

（英语）高考英语二轮复习专项训练阅读理解（人物故事）及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类

1．阅读理解

   Inthenineteenthcentury,oneofAmerica'sgreatestwriters,WaltWhitman,helpedpeoplelearntovaluepoetry.Whitmancreatedanewkindofpoetry.

   WaltWhitmanwasbornineighteennineteeninNewYorkCity.Duringhislonglife,hewatchedAmericagrowfromayoungnationtothestrongestindustrialpowerintheworld.Asayoungman,Whitmanworkedasaschoolteacher,aprinterandanewspaperreporter.Hewasthirty-sixyearsoldwhenhepublishedhisfirstbookofpoetryineighteenfifty-five.HecalleditLeavesofGrass.Ithadonlytwelvepoems.Thepoemsarewritteninfreeverse.Thelinesdonotfollowanysetform.Somelinesareshort.Somearelong.Thewordsattheendofeachlinedonothaveasimilarsound.Theydonotrhyme.

   OneofAmerica'sgreatestthinkersandwritersimmediatelyrecognizedtheimportanceofLeavesofGrass.RalphWaldoEmersonpraisedWhitman'swork.Butmostotherpoetsandwriterssaidnothingandevendenouncedit.MostreadersalsorejectedWhitman'spoems.Thenewformofhispoetrysurprisedmanypeople.EvenhisownbrothertoldWhitmanthatheshouldstopwritingpoetry.ButWhitmanhadmanythingstosay.Andhecontinuedtosaythem.ReadersbegantounderstandthatAmericahadagreatnewpoeticvoice.

   WaltWhitman'spoemspraisetheUnitedStatesanditsdemocracy.ThepoetexpressedhisloveforAmericaanditspeopleinmanyways.ExpertstodaypraiseLeavesofGrassasamajorliterarywork.Ineighteenseventy-three,WaltWhitmansufferedastroke.HespentthelastyearsofhislifeinCamden,NewJersey.Whitmanwaspoorandweakduringthelastyearsofhislife.Hediedineighteenninety-two.SomecriticssayWaltWhitmanwasaspokesmanfordemocracy.Otherssayhewasnotaspokesmanforanything.Instead,theysimplycallhimagreatpoet.

（1）WhatcanweknowaboutWhitman?

A. Hispoemshavethesamerhyme.

B. HeisthefirstgreatpoetintheUSA

C. Hehelpedpeopletocreatenewpoems.

D. Hispoemsshowhisloveforhiscountry.

（2）WhywasLeavesofGrassrefusedatfirst?

A. Thepoemsarequiteshort.

B. Theformofpoetryisspecial.

C. Whitmanwasn'tfamousthen.

D. Thereareonly12poemsinit.

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"denounced"inParagraph3mostprobablymean?

A. Accused.                      

B. Downloaded.                      

C. Published.                      

D. Translated.

（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A. WaltWhitman—aGreatSoldier

B. WaltWhitman—anUnfortunatePoet

C. WaltWhitmanandLeavesofGrass

D. TheFirstandGreatestPoetinAmerica

【答案】

（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物介绍，介绍了美国著名的诗人 WaltWhitman以及他的代表作《草叶集》。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“WaltWhitman'spoemspraisetheUnitedStatesanditsdemocracy.ThepoetexpressedhisloveforAmericaanditspeopleinmanyways.” WaltWhitman的诗赞美美国及其民主。

这位诗人以多种方式表达了他对美国及其人民的热爱。

可知选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Thenewformofhispoetrysurprisedmanypeople. ”他的新诗形式使许多人感到惊讶，故选B。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“Butmostotherpoetsandwriterssaidnothingandevendenouncedit. ”可知，人们不接受WaltWhitman的诗集，可推知denounced可能是“指责，批评”之意，选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，本文讲述了美国著名作家WaltWhitman以及他的代表作《草叶集》，并围绕《草叶集》的开始不被接受到最后的大受欢迎展开，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   ItwasatleasttwomonthsbeforeChristmaswhennine-year-oldRosetoldherfatherandmethatshewantedanewbicycle.

   AsChristmasdrewnearer,herdesireforabicycleseemedtofade---orsowethought,asshedidn'tmentionitagain.WeboughtthelatestfashionableBabySitter'sClubdolls,aholidaydressandsomebeautifulstorybooks.Then,muchtooursurprise,onDecember23rd,sheproudlyannouncedthatshe"reallywantedabikemorethananythingelse."

   Itwasjusttoolate,whatwithallthedetailsofpreparingChristmasdinnerandbuyinglast-minutegifts.Wecouldonlythinkofthebicycleandthedisappointmentofourchild."WhatifImakealittlebicycleoutofclayandwriteanotethatshecouldtradetheclaymodelinforarealbike?

"Herdadasked.Thetheory,ofcourse,beingthatsincethatisahigh-ticketitemandsheis"suchabiggirl",itwouldbemuchbetterforhertopickitout.Sohespentthenextfivehourspainstakinglyworkingwithclaytomakeatinybike.

   Threehourslater,onChristmasmorning,wewereexcitedforRosetoopenthelittleheart-shapedpackagewiththebeautifulredandwhiteclaybikeandthenote.Finally,sheopeneditandreadthenotealoud.

   Shelookedatmeandthenatherdadandsaid,"sodoesthismeanthatItradeinthisbikethatDaddymademeforarealone?

"

   Beaming,Isaid,"Yes."

   Rosehadtearsinhereyeswhenshereplied,"IcouldnevertradeinthisbeautifulbicyclethatDaddymademe.I'dratherkeepthisthangetarealbike."

   Atthatmoment,wewouldhavemovedheavenandearthtobuyhereverybicycleontheplanet!

（1）Rose'sparentsdidn'tbuyherthebikeshewantedbecause______.

A. theyhadboughtmanyotherwonderfulthingsforher

B. theythoughtshehadchangedhermind

C. theydidn'thavetimetodoanyshopping

D. theydecidedtomakeoneforher

（2）WhydidDadmaketheclaybicycle?

A. HethoughtRosewastooyoungforarealbike.

B. Hedidn'twanttodisappointhisdaughter.

C. Hethoughthisdaughterwouldlikeit.

D. Hewantedtogivehisdaughterasurprise.

（3）Fromthestory,weknowthat______.

A. Rose'sfatherwasanartistwithspecialskills

B. Rosewouldtradeintheclaybikeforarealone

C. Theparentsweremovedandproudofthegirl

D. Rosewasathoughtfulandindependentgirl

【答案】

（1）B

（2）B

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Rose希望圣诞节收到一辆自行车。

父母没有给她买自行车，因为他们认为Rose可能对自行车失去了兴趣，为了满足女儿的 愿望，爸爸决定给她做个粘土的自行车让她去换个新的，但是Rose决定保留这个粘土自行车，不要新的自行车。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的"AsChristmasdrewnearer,herdesireforabicycleseemedtofade---orsowethought,asshedidn'tmentionitagain.可知，作者夫妻俩认为Rose买自行车的愿望褪去了，所以没给她买。

故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的"Wecouldonlythinkofthebicycleandthedisappointmentofourchild"可推知，作者夫妻因为没有帮女儿实现圣诞节的愿望而内疚，为了不让Rose失望，决定做一个黏土自行车模型先送给Rose，之后Rose可以用它来兑换一辆真正的自行车。

故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段“  Atthatmoment,wewouldhavemovedheavenandearthtobuyhereverybicycleontheplanet!

”作者夫妇愿意竭尽全力给Rose买自行车"可推知：

这对父母亲为女儿的行为而感到并觉得自豪。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   ItwasonlyafterherdeathfromBright'sdiseaseonMay15,1886thatEmilyDickinsonenjoyedrecognitionforherpoeticaccomplishment.Alimitedvolumeofherworksappearedin1890,butitwasThomasH.Johnson'sreleaseofhercompletebodyofpoetrythatmadeherworksreceiverealacclaim.Hepublished1,775ofherpoemsin1955inavolumeentitledThePoemsofEmilyDickinson.

   EmilyDickinsonwasborninAmherst,MAin1830.TheDickinsonfamilywaswellknowninthecommunityfortheircontributiontopoliticsandeducation.DickinsonlivedmostofherlifewithhergrandfatherwhowasfamousforhavingfoundedtheAmherstAcademyin1814andlaterAmherstCollegein1821.

   EmilyDickinsonledareclusivelife,butherchildhoodwasahappyone.Shehadtheprivilegeofbeingeducatedatsomeofthemostoutstandingwomenschoolsinhertimeanddevotedherselftoreadingallkindsofbooks.

   ItwasduringhercollegeyearsthatEmilystartedwriting.Someofherpoemswerepublishedwiththehelpofherfemalefriends.However,thefirstseriousattemptathavingherpoemspublishedfailedforherbeingrejectedbyTheAtlanticmagazine.Thisledtheselfconsciouspoetesstobelievethatthepublicwouldnevercareforherworks,andthussheneverattemptedtohaveanyofherworkspublishedagain.AftertheCivilWar,DickinsonwithdrewfromsocietyandhadlittlecontactoutsideofAmherst.

   Dickinsonwasveryconcernedwiththesubjectofnature.Herwritingsarecomplex,andformanyyearsscholarshavesearchedforromanticinspiration,buthavenotyetunderstoodherworks.Whatisclear,however,isthatherworkscan'tjustsimplydescribesomethingintermsofanarrativestyle.

   Withoutdoubt,Dickinson'sworkshavegreatlyinfluencedandcontinuetoinfluencemodernpoetry.Inhertime,herwritingstylewasuniquegiventhatitincludedtheuseofdashesandcapitalizednouns.Noneofherworksrhymed,andsheusedunusualcomparisonswhenreferringtoeventsandsituations.Thisunconventionalmethodofwritinghasmadeheroneofthemostinnovativepoetsofthe19thcentury.

（1）Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"acclaim"underlinedinthefirstparagraph?

A. Apology.                       

B. Enthusiasm.                       

C. Approval.                       

D. Reference.

（2）WhatdidDickinsondoduringherchildhood?

A. Shestudiedingoodschools.

B. Shepassedherpoemstomagazines.

C. Shespentmuchtimeonpoliticsandeducation.

D. Shepracticedwritingwiththehelpofherfriends.

（3）WhatdoweknowaboutDickinson'spoems?

A. Theyareeasyforreaderstounderstand.

B. Theymakemuchdifferencetomodernpoetry.

C. Theyinspiremodernnaturaliststostudynature.

D. Theyrhymewellandincludemanycomparisons.

（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A. CausesofEmilyDickinson'sFailure

B. FeaturesofEmilyDickinson'sPoems

C. ReasonsforEmilyDickinson'sBecomingWorldFamous

D. ABriefIntroductiontoEmilyDickinsonandHerWorks

【答案】

（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了美国传奇诗人艾米莉·狄金森以及她的作品，她的诗绝大多数是在她死后才出版，并被世人所知，名气极大。

（1）考查词义猜测，根据第一段中的“butitwasThomasH.Johnson'sreleaseofhercompletebodyofpoetrythatmadeherworksreceiverealacclaim.”是托马斯·H·约翰逊发表了她完整的诗作，使她的作品获得了真正的好评。

可知选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“ Shehadtheprivilegeofb