考试宝典职称英语等级考试综合类A级试题答案及题解.doc

考试宝典职称英语等级考试综合类A级试题答案及题解.doc

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职称英语考试宝典系列软件

2004年职称英语等级考试综合类A级试题答案及题解

第1部分：

词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1Maryhasblendedtheingredients．

AmixedBmade

CcookedDeaten

2Theyagreedtomodifytheirpolicy．

AclarifyBchange

CdefineDdevelop

3TheeconomycontinuedtoexhibitsignsofdeclineinSeptember.

AplayBsend

CshowDtell

4Anotablyshortman，heplaysbasketballwithhisstaffseveraltimesaweek.

ApracticallyBconsiderably

CremarkablyDcompletely

5Thedentisthasdecidedtoextractherbadtooth.

AtakeoutBrepair

CpushinDdig

6Itisabsurdtopredictthatthesunwillnotrisetomorrow．

AridiculousBfunny

CoddDfoolish

7Alotofpeoplecouldfallillafterdrinkingcontaminatedwater.

AmuddiedBpolluted

CmixedDtroubled

8Theroomisdimandquiet．

AtinyBpleasant

CdarkDagreeable

9Theindexisthegovernment’schiefgaugeoffutureeconomicactivity

AmeasureBopinion

CevaluationDdecision

10It’sprudenttostartanyexerciseprogramgraduallyatfirst．

AworkableBsensible

CpossibleDfeasible

11Heisrenownedforhisskill.

Aremembered

Cpraised

Brecommended

Dwell-known

12Youhavetobepatientifyouwanttosustainyourposition．

AmaintainBestablish

CacquireDsupport

13Shestoodthere．tremblingwithfear.

AjumpingBcrying

CswayingDshaking

14Medicalfacilitiesarebeingupgraded．

ArenewedBrepaired

CimprovedDincreased

15Marylookedpaleandweary．

AgloomyBugly

CsillyDexhausted

第2部分：

阅渎判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑：

如果该旬的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

WinnersandLosers

WhyarethebiggestwinnersinthepastdecadeoftradeglobalizationmostlyinSouthandEastAsia，whereasthebiggestlosersaremostlyinthe．formerSovietbloc（集团）and

sub—SaharanAfrica?

Historyisapartialguide：

EastAsiahasalongtradingtradition，latelyreinvigorated（给以新的活力）bytheChineseadoptionofmarketeconomics．TheSovietUnion，ontheotherhand，wasshelteredfromfree—marketforcesformorethan70years．InAfrica，somecountriesaredisadvantagedbecauseofinadequateinfrastructure（基础结构）；manycountrieshavelittletotradebutcommodities，thepricesofwhichhavefalleninrecentyears．

Insomeregions，certaincountrieshavesufferedbyadoptingmisguidedpolicies，often

underpressurefromInternationalMonetaryFund．FirstamongtheseisRussia．whichinthe

early1990striedtoembracecapitalismbeforefirstbuildingtheinstitutionsthatmakecapitalismwork，suchasanindependentbanksystem，asystemofbusinesslaw,andalladequatemethodforcollectingtaxes．EncouragedbytheIMFtheWorldBankandtheU．S．DepartmentoftheTreasury,PresidentBorisYeltsin’sregimeprivatizedthestate．ownedindustrialsector,creatingaclassofoligarchs（寡头政治集团成员），who，knowinghowunstableconditionswereathome．senttheirmoneyabroadinsteadofinvestingitathome．

Incontrast，China，thebiggestwinnerfromglobalization，didnotfollowtheIMFformula．

OftheformerstatesoftheSovietbloc，onlyafew，notablyPolandandHungary,managedtogrow,whichtheydidbyignoringIMFadviceandadoptingexpansionaryplans．including

spendingmorethantheycollectedintaxes．BotswanaandUgandaarealsoSuccessstories：

despitetheirdisadvantages，theircountriesachievedvigorousgrowthbycreatingstablecivilsocieties，liberalizingtradeandimplementingreformsthatrancountertoIMFprescriptions．

16Japanhasalongtradingtradition．

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

17RussiawaswronglyguidedbytheIMF．

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

18AllAfricancountriesfollowedtheIMFformula．

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

19TheSovietUnionwasacapitalistcountry．

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

20Australiaisoneofthebiggestwinnersfromglobalization．

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

21ChinadidnottakeIMFadvice．

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

22ManyhighofficialsinRussiahavemuchbenefitedfromprivatization．

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；

（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

StanfordUniversity

1StanfordUniversity,famousasoneofnorthernCalifornia’sseveralinstitutionsofhigherlearning，issometimescalled“theHarvardoftheWest．”TheclosenessofStanfordtoSanFrancisco，acitythirty-twomilestothenorth，givestheuniversityadecidedlycosmopolitan（世界性的）flavor．

2ThestudentsareenrolledmainlyfromthewesternUnitedStates．ButmostofthefiftystatessendstudentstoStanford，andmanyforeignstudentsstudyhere，aswell．Andstandardsforadmissionremainhigh．Youngmenandwomenareselectedtoentertheuniversityfromtheupperfifteenpercentoftheirhighschoolclasses．

3Notonlybecauseofmehighcaliber（素质）ofitsstudentsbutalsobecauseofthedesirable

locationandclimate，Stanfordhasattractedtoitsfacultysomeoftheworld’smostrespected

scholars．TheuniversitystaffhasincludedmanyNobelprizewinnerssuchasDr．FelixBloch，Dr．RobertHofstadter,andDr．WilliamShockleyinphysics．Dr．AuthorKornbergandDr．Joshua

Lederberginmedicine．andDr．PaulJ．FloryandDr．LinusPaulinginchemistry．TheRussian

novelistAleksandrSolzhenistsynhasbeeninresidence．Stanford’Sundergraduateschoolofengineeringanditsgraduateschoolsofbusiness，law，andmedicineareespeciallywell-regarded．

4Whatisstudentlifelikeon“TheFarm”?

Culturally．thecampusisamagnetforboth

studentsandcitizensofnearbycommunities．P1ays，concerts，andoperasareperformedintheuniversity’sseveralauditoriumsandinitsoutdoortheater,wheregraduationsarealsoheld．Severalfilmseriesarepresentedduringtheschoolyear．Guestlecturersfrompublicandacademiclifefrequentlyappearoncampus．Intheevenings，manystudentsgathertosocializeintheStudentUnion’scoffeehouse；herethebeverages（饮料）andtheatmospherebothhaveadecidedlyEuropeanflavor．Forthesports—minded，theStanfordcampusoffershighlydevelopedathleticfacilities．Teamspots，swimming，andtrackandfieldactivityarea11verymuchpartoftheStanfordpicture．Soarebicyclingandjogging．

5Inadditiontofinancialsupportfromalumni（校友），Stanfordreceivesgrantsfromthe

governmentandfromprivatephilanthropic（慈善的）foundations。

Inrecentyears，government

grantshavemadepossibleadvancedstudiesinthefieldsofhistory,psychology,education，andatomicenergy．AtpresentStanfordiscarryingoutanambitiousbuildingprogram，financedinpartby山eFordFoundation’s25milliongrant．Recentlyaddedtothecampusareanewphysicsbuilding，newschoolofbusiness，newgraduateschooloflaw，newstudentunion，andundergraduatelibrary．

23Paragraph2______________.

24Paragraph3______________.

25Paragraph4______________.

26Paragraph5______________.

AColorfulLifeonCampus

BIntelligentStudentBody

CSchoolAdministration

DDistinguishedFaculty

ESubstantialFinancialSupport

FTheHarvardoftheWest

27ThosehighschoolgraduateswhocanenterStanfordUniversity______________.

28Manyprofessorsliketoteachinthisuniversitypartlybecausehere______________.

29Onthefacultyoftheuniversitythereare______________.

30Financialsupportfrombothprivateorganizationsandthegovernmenthasmade

possible______________.

Atheycanfindthebeststudents

Btheuniversity’sacademicadvancementandphysicalextension

Csomeofthemostdistinguishedscholars

Dwhereasportsmeetisheldeveryyear

Emusthavebeenthetopstudent’sintheirclasses

Fmustbehardworking

第4部分：

阅读理解（第3l~45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。

请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇TechnologyTransferinGermany

WhenitcomestotranslatingbasicresearchintoindustrialSuccess，fewnationscanmatchGermany．Sincethe1940s,thenation’svastindustrialbasehasbeenfedwithaconstantstreamofnewideasandexpertisefromscience．AndthoughGermanprosperity（繁荣）hasfaltered（衰退）overthepastdecadebecauseofthehugecostofunifyingeastandwestaswellastheglobaleconomicdecline．itstillhasanenviablerecordforturningideasintoprofit．

Muchofthereasonfor也atsuccessistheFraunhoferSociety，anetworkofresearch

institutest11atexistssolelytosolveindustrialproblemsandcreatesought—aftertechnologies．ButtodaytheFraunhoferinstituteshavecompetition．Universitiesaretakinganeverlargerroleintechnologytransfer,andtechnologyparksarespringingupallover．Theseeffortsarebeingcomplementedbythefederalprogrammesforpumpingmoneyintostart-upcompanies．

Suchastrategymaysoundlikearecipeforeconomicsuccess，butitisnotwithoutitscritics．Thesepeopleworrythatfavouringappliedresearchwillmeanneglectingbasicscience，eventuallystarvingindustryoffreshideas．Ifeveryscientiststartsthinkinglikeanentrepreneur（企业家），theargumentgoes，thenthetraditionalprinciplesofuniversityresearchbeingcuriosity．driven．freeandwidelyavailablewillSuffer．Othersclaimthatmanyoftheprogrammestopromotetechnologytransferareawasteofmoneybecausehalfthesmallbusinessesthatarepromotedareboundtogobankruptwithinafewyears．

Whilethisdebatecontinues,newideasflowatasteadyratefromGermany’sresearch

networks．whichbearfamousnamessuchasHelmholtz，MaxPlanckandLeibniz．Yetitisthefourthnetwork，theFraunh