山师专业学位硕士研究生基础英语材料3.docx

山师专业学位硕士研究生基础英语材料3.docx

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山师专业学位硕士研究生基础英语材料3

"Everycloudhasasilverlining,"saystheoptimist.Itfollowsnaturally,then,thatthepessimistmustfavor"lookingfortherustylining".Justastheoptimistcanalwaysfindreasonsforhopingthatbadsituationscanimprove,sothebestpessimistcanalwaysfindthatineverysituationthereissomethingyoucanworryabout.Intheessay,theauthor,aself-proclaimedpessimist,claimstobeworriedaboutbeingswallowedbythingsfromouterspaceandaboutmuchelsebesides.Hecertainlyseemstobewhatisknownas"abornworrier",thoughhowseriousheisaboutitallyoucanjudgeforyourself.

LOOKFORTHERUSTYLINING

RalphSchoenstein

1Mygrandfather'shobbywasworrying,andalthoughhobbiesarenotusuallythoughtofasbeinginheritable,Iamatalentedworrier,too.Mygrandfather'sglumgenes,whichskippedmymerryfather,haverefloweredinmeasamajor,all-purposeanxiety.Afewweeksago,forexample,Ilearnedthatcollapsingstarscalledblackholesmaysoonsuchupallthematterintheuniverse.BecauseIreadthisinVogue,Ihopedatfirstthattheblackholesweresomekindoffad--acelestialpopeventlikeKohoutekorUFOs--butthenIsawthattheauthorofthearticlehadbeentwiceavisitingmemberattheInstituteforAdvancedStudy,inPrinceton,andIknewthatanothercrisiswasathand.Ominously,theInstituteisjustdownthestreetfromwhereIdomyworrying.

2Theendoftheuniverseshouldhavebeenasplendidchallengeforagiftedworrierlikeme,butmostlyitupsetmeinanewandworrisomeway,becauseitmademerealizethatIwasspreadtoothin.WhenIfoundtheblack-holestory,Ihadn'tnearlycometotheendofanearlierwonderfulworryofmineaboutthepolaricecapmeltingandraisingtheleveloftheAtlanticOceanenoughtosubmergetheentireEastCoast.IhadbeenthinkingofmovingmyfamilytoSaskatchewan,butnowthatIwasfallingbehindinmyworrying,IhadtoworryifSaskatchewanmightbetastierforablackholethanPrinceton.Ontheotherhand,PrincetonwasclosertothoseAfricankillerbeesthathavebeeninexorablymovingnorthfromBrazil--theonesthatmademedecidenottovisitCentralAmericalastwinter.ThebeesaregettingveryclosetoCentralAmerica,andPanamamaybetheonlyplacewherethereisachancetoturnthemback.Ofcourse,evenifithadonlybutterflies,Panamawouldstillbeaworrisomevacationspotforme,becauseitissaidtoberiddledwithasmuchanti-AmericanfeelingasBoston.

3Intheseterribledays,Ioftenthinkofmygrandfather,whowasanervouswreckinasimplerandhappiertime.Hisworriesweretransientandnicelymanageable:

WhenwouldMelOttstarthittingagain?

WhenwouldEleanorRooseveltcollapsefromtoomuchtravelingaround?

WhenwouldtheThirdAvenue"L"rustaway?

Imisshim,butheisluckynottobealiveandworryingtoday.Idon'tthinkhecouldhavehandledalltheterrorsthatkeeptestingmysanity;hemightevenhavesurrenderedandbecomeanoptimist,thusforfeitingthehobbyheloved.

4HewasmyinspirationwhenIwasaboy--aworriertolookupto.Heusedtovisitmeinmyroom,wherehewouldexaminemyhomeworkandthenshakehisheadandsay,"You'llnevergetthroughmedicalschoolwithspellinglikethis."

5"Buttheseareband-newwords,"Iwouldtellhiminaworriedway."Spellingisharderthisyearthanitwasinthesecondgrade."

6Hewouldsighandsay,"Idon'tknow.I'mnotevensureyoushouldbeadoctoratall.Ijustreadthattheyhavethehighestratefordroppingdead."

7Mygrandfather'squaintworriesaboutmeandMelOttandEleanorRooseveltareenoughtomakeacontemporaryworrierweepwithenvy.IwonderwhathewouldhavedoneifhehadreadarecentpredictionbyGunnarMyrdalthattheAmericaneconomycouldutterlycollapsewithinfiveyears--justbeforetheEasterntidalwavebutshortlyafterthearrivalofthebees.Probablyhewouldhaveadoptedsomethinglikemyownadvancedworryingpostureandlearnedtomakeroomforeachnewworrybylettingittrumponeoftheoldones.Forexample,whenIreadabouttheinundationoftheEastIforgotaboutmyoverdueBloomingdale'sbill;whenIreadGunnarMyrdal'swarningIdecidedtostopworryingaboutwhatwouldhappenifConnecticuteverranoutofantiques.WhenIheardaboutthebeesIeasedoffmyworryaboutarootcanalofmineandletthePanamaCanalreplaceitontheTopTwenty.

8Whatalist!

Somethingoldandsomethingnew,somethingcosmicyetsomethingtrivialtoo,forthecreativeworriermustforeverblendthepedestrianwiththeimmemorial.Ifthesunburnsout,willtheMetsbeabletoplaytheirentirescheduleatnight?

Ifcryogenicallyfrozenhumanbeingsareeverrevived,willtheyhavetore-registertovote?

Andifthelittletoedisappears,willfieldgoalsplayasmallerpartintheNationalFootballLeague?

9Actually,I'veneverhadaworryasworrisomeastheuniverse-destroyingblackholes.Imean,theuniverseiswhereIdoallmyworrying,andifitsuddenlydisappearsImaynotbeabletorelocate.MyonlyhopecomesfromafirstprincipleofworrythatIhavelearnedinalifetimeofanxiety;i.e.,someofthebiggestproblemsarehalfofaself-cancellingpair.Aniceexampleisthatdreadedpolaricecap,whichsomescientistssayisn'tstartingtomeltatallbutinsteadwillshortlybegintoenlargerapidly,givingbirthtoanewiceagethatsoonwillcovertheentireUnitedStates.IworriedaboutthisicelayerformlastFebruary9thuntilaboutLaborDay,bywhichtimemyworryaboutthepriceofbottomroundhadreducedittothesizeofarink.Lately,however,Ihaveturnedmymindbacktotheiceagain,andIhavebeenworryingaboutthefactthatyoucannothaveicethatisgrowingandmeltingatthesametime.Oneoftheseterrorsisadud,andthejobofthededicatedworrieristofindoutwhichoneitis.

10Applyingthisprincipletotheblackholes,Iwonderiftheremaynotbesomewhiteholesinspaceaswell--pretty,glowingthingsthatwon'tdigestauniversebutmayprefertospititoutagain.AllIneedisanewflashfromtheInstituteaboutoneofthese,andthenperhapsIwillbeabletostartworryingaboutchinchbugsandthemalemenopauseandalltheothergentleterrorsmygrandfathercouldendorse.

11Isthattherightwaytospell"chinchbugs"?

NewWords

rustya.coveredwithrust,rusted生锈的

liningn.theinnersurfaceofsth.衬里

inheritablea.thatcanbeinherited

inheritvt.receive（property,atitle,etc.）leftbysomeonewhohasdied

worriern.apersonwhoworries

gluma.sad,gloomy

genen.atinyunitofaplantoranimalcellthatdeterminesacharacteristicthatwillbepassedontotheoffspringoftheparent基因

reflowervi.floweragain;（fig.）beatone'soritsbestoncemore

all-purposea.thatcanbeusedforanypurpose

suckvt.drawintothemouthbyusingthelips,cheeksandtongue;absorb吸

voguen.thepopularfashionorcustomatacertaintime

fadn.（infml）anintensebutshort-livedfashion

celestiala.oftheskyorheaven

UFOunidentifiedflyingobject不明飞行物，飞碟

ominouslyad.ofbadomen;unfavorably,threateningly

worrisomea.whichtroublesoneormakesoneanxious

polara.oforneartheNorthorSouthpole

submergev.（tocause）togounderthesurfaceofwater

tastya.havingapleasanttaste;fullofflavor

inexorablyad.inarelentlessway;unyieldingly毫不宽容地

riddlevt.makemanyholesin

wreckn.adestroyedormuchinjuredship;（fig.）apersonwhohaslosthishealthormoney

quainta.strangeoroddinaninteresting,pleasing,oramusingway

transienta.lastingforonlyshorttime;quicklypassing

manageablea.easyorpossibletocontrolordealwith

rustv.makeorbecomerusty

terrorn.（apersonorthingthatcauses）greatorintensefear

surrenderv.giveuporgiveintothepowerof（esp.ofanenemy）asasignofdefeat

optimistn.onewhoishopefulaboutthefuture

inspirationn.afellingofenthusiasmandencouragementonegetfromsb.orsth.thatgivenewideasandthedesiretocreate灵感

inspirevt.

posturen.awayofbehavingorthinkingonaparticularoccasion;attitude

trumpvt.take（atrickorcardofanothersuit）withatrump;（fig.）bebetterthan;surpass

antiquen.apieceoffurniture,jewelry,etc,thatwasmadeaverylongtimeagoandisthereforevaluable

inundationn.theactorfactofoverflowing;flood泛滥；洪水

overduea.leftunpaidtoolong

canaln.awaterwaydugacrosslandforshipstogothrough

pedestriann.apersonwhogoesonfoot;walker

a.（fig.）withoutimagination;dull,slow,commonplace

immemoriala.originatinginthedistantpast,ancient

cryogenicallyad.byusingverylowtemperatures

toen.oneoftheendpartsofthefoot脚趾，足尖

relocatev.movetoorestablishinanewplace

self-cancellinga.cancellingitselfout

cancelvt.neutralizeorbalanceinforceorinfluence;offset

enlargev.makeorbecomelarger

rinkn.asheetoficeforskating溜冰场

dudn.ashellorbombthatfailstoexplode;（sl.）afailure

digestvt.changefoodintosimplesubstancethatcanbeabsorbedbythebody

spitvt.ejectordischarge（sth.）fromthemouth吐出

flashn.ashortnewannouncementconcerninganewevent

chinchbugn.ablack-and-whitetropicalAmericaninsectthatdoesmuchdamagetowheat,corn,grassandotherplantsindryweather麦虱

menopausen.theperiodduringwhichawoman'smenstrualcycleends,normallyoccurringatanageof45to50绝经期

endorsevt.givepublicapprovalof;supportgreatly

Phrases&Expressions

suckup:

drawliquidsetc.upatubebymakingavacuumatitsupperend

butthen:

butontheotherhand;butatthesametime

athand:

comingsoon;almosthere;nearby

turnba