形容词比较级和最高级.docx
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形容词比较级和最高级
形容词
1、形容词表示某一事物或人的特征,副词表示某一动作的特征。
形容词和副词有三种形式:
原形、比较级、最高级。
比较级:
+er 、more+ ; 最高级:
the…+est、 most
两个重要特征:
as……as中间一定用原形,than的前面一定要+er。
2. 形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化
1)规则变化
构 成 方 法
原 级
比 较 级
最 高 级
单音节词和少数多音节词
一般在词尾加-er/ə/或-est/ist/
cold
fast
以字母e结尾的形容词,加-r或-est
nice
large
重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时,应先双写辅音字母;再加-er或-est
big
hot
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,先改“+y”结尾的双音节词,先改“y”为“i”,再加-er或-est
easy
early
多音节词和部分双音节词
在词前加more或most
tired
easily
2)不规则变化:
原 级
比 较 级
最 高 级
many/much
little/few
good/well
bad/ill
far
old
(表新旧)
(表兄弟姊妹之间的长幼)
3)比较级前的修饰词:
much,even 甚至,(by)far 大大地,alittle 有点,abit 有点,still,yet,a lot 很,非常
常考知识点一 :
形容词的比较级和最高级的构成
(1). 以不发音的e结尾,直接加-r或-st:
nice—nicer—nicest large—larger—largest
(2). 以辅字母+y结尾的,变y为i,再加-er或-est:
easy—easier—easiest happy—happier—happiest
(3). 以“辅元辅”结尾的,双写末尾字母,再加-er或-est:
big—bigger—biggest
常见的还有:
thin,fat,wet,red,sad
hot—hotter—hottest
(4). 不规则变化:
good—better—best many/much—more—most
(好坏多少远老) bad—worse—worst little(少)—less—least
far—farther/further—farthest/furthest
old—older/elder—oldest/eldest
(5). 其他较短的单词,直接在词尾加-er或-est。
small—smaller short—shorter
(6). 对于较长的单词,在其前加more,most即可。
popular—morepopular—themostpopular
delicious—moredelicious—themostdelicious
【中考题】1.ThisT-shirtisnotlargeenough.Pleaseshowmea_______one.
A.large B.larger C.largest
2.Sheisthe____________(good)studentinherclass.
注意:
下列词为易错, few—fewer new—newer—newest clever—cleverer tired—moretired pleased—morepleased
常考知识点二 :
含有比较级的句型结构
1) Ais...thanB:
A比B更.... Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon.
2) Adosth...thanB:
A比B更.... Heworksharderthanus.
【中考题】Chinahasbecomemuch__________(strong)thanbefore.Weareproudofher.
3) Which/Whois....,AorB?
“A和B哪个/谁更...?
”
4) ...and... “越“越来越...”
Whenspringcomes,thedaysaregetting longerandlonger.
5) moreandmore...“越来越...”
Thesongisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.
【中考题】
Manypeopleprefertravelbyplane.Theythinkaplaneisfasterand_______(safe)thanatrain.
6)the....,the...“越...就越...”
Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.
Themoreyouhave,themoreyouwant.
【中考题】---CanyoutellmewhyyoulearnEnglishsowell?
---It’sverysimple.________youwork,________gradesyouwillget.
A.Theharder,thebest B.Thehard,thebetter
C.Harder,Better D.Theharder,thebetter
常考知识点三:
比较级的修饰语
当强调比较级的程度时,可以在形容词(或副词)的前面使用much,alittle,alot,even,still等。
注意:
quiet,so,very,enough这些词后面不能接比较级。
只能接原级。
Itismuchcoldertodaythanyesterday.
Myappleisalittlebiggerthanyours.
【中考题】
Thefirstcomputerswerebuiltinthe1940s.Theywereeven____________(big)thancars.
使用形容词比较级时的三个注意事项(易错点):
1) 比较的对象前后要保持一致。
(√)ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthan thatof Beijing.
(×)ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanBeijing.
2) 避免将主语包含在比较对象中。
(√)ChinaisbiggerthananycountryinAfrica.
(×)ChinaisbiggerthananyothercountryinAfrica.
3) 避免重复使用比较级:
(√)Heisclevererthanhisbrother.
(×)Heis morecleverer thanhisbrother.
【中考题】Tomis___________(tall)thananyotherplayersintheschoolteam.
A.tall B.taller C.tallest D.moretaller
常考知识点四:
形容词最高级的用法
形容词最高级用于三者及以上的比较,表示在一定范围内“最...”。
范围通常用in/of/among...来表达。
形容词的常考句型:
1) Aisthe...in.... Heisthetallestinhisclass.
或Aisthe...of.... Heisthetallestofthethreeboys.
或Aisthe...among.... Heisthetallestamongthethreeboys.
【中考题】Breakfastis________mealoftheday.Itprovidesuswithenergyafteralongnightwithoutfood.
A.important B.moreimportant C.themostimportant D.veryimportant
2) Aisoneof the最高级+复数名词 A是最...的之一。
JayChouisoneofthemostpopularsingersinTaiwan.
Chinaisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld.
【中考题】---Whatdoyouthinkofthefilmyousawyesterday?
---Oh!
It’soneof___________filmsI’veeverseen.
A.interesting B.moreinteresting C.mostinteresting D.themostinteresting
3) A isthefirst 最高级+复数名词 A是第一最...的...
TheChangjiangRiveristhefirstlongestriverinourcountry.
【中考题】印度是世界上第二人口大国。
India has the__________________populationintheworld.
4) Which/Whoisthe...,A,BorC?
A,B 和C,哪个/谁最...?
Whichisthebiggest,thesun,theearthorthemoon?
Whoisthethinnest,Kate,TomorMike?
Step5:
【课堂训练】
一、单项选择
1.--LiLeiis atScience.--ButIthinkIcandothanhim.(2011中考)
A.good;better B.better;best C.best;good D.good;thebest
2.—Whydon’tyoulikewinterinBeijing?
(2010中考)
—Becauseitis________winterinGuangzhou.
A.ascoldas B.muchcolderthan C.notsocoldas D.notcolderthan
3、—Whatshouldwedonow,Mr.Clark?
(2013年黄冈,35)
—PleaseturntoPage_____andlookatthe_____picture.
A.Twelve;fifth B.Twelfth;fifth C.Twelve;five D.Twelfth;five
4、 —Howwasyourweekend?
(2012年广州,29)
—Great!
Itwasmygrandfather’s______birthday.Weenjoyedourselves.
A.seventy B.seventieth C.theseventieth D.seventeenth
5、ThreestudentsranfasterthanLilyintherace.Lilywas________.(2012年佛山,34)
A.thefourth B.four C.thethird D.three
6、—IsBeijingacitywithalonghistory?
(2012年湛江,23)
—Ofcourse.AndaftertheOlympicGames,__peoplecametoBeijingforavisitduringthevacation.
A.thousandsof B.thousand C.fivethousands D.fivethousandof
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1、Shewillbemuch___________(happy)inhernewhouse.
2、Ofthetwogirls,IfindLucythe___________(clever).
3、---How_______(tall)isSally?
---She’s1.55meters_______(tall).WhataboutXiaoling?
---She’sonly1.40meters________(tall).Sheismuch_________(short)thanSally.Sheisalsothe________(short)girlintheclass.
4、Sheisoneofthe___________(friendly)peopleintheclass,Ithink.
5、Whichis___________(heavy),ahenorachicken?
6、The__________(much),the_________(good).
7、Yourclassroomis__________(wide)and__________(bright)thanours.
8、Mysisteristwoyears_________(old)thanme.
9、John’sparentshave3sons,andJohnisthe_________(young)child.
10、Thecheapestbagisnotalwaysthe_________(bad)one.
11、Whichofficerchairis_________(expensive),theredoneortheblackone?
12、Tomhas_________(good)marksinEnglishthanAlice.
13、Beijingisthe_________(big)cityinChina.
14、Whohas_________(many)stamps,Jim,HelenorMary?
三、根据中文提示完成下列句子。
1. 今天比昨天热多了。
Itismuch_________today_________itwasyesterday.
2. 我的书包比她的书包重。
Mybagis__________________hers.
3. 你们班上谁最受欢迎?
Whois___________________________studentinyourclass?
4. 我们用更低的价钱买到了电脑,比预期中的要幸运。
Weboughtthecomputerata__________________andwewere_________thanweexpected.
Step6:
课后作业
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Thankyoufor_________(help)me!
2.Shewenttoseeafilmwithout_________(tell)herparents.
3.Everydayhespendsanhour_________(practise)thepiano.
4.MissSmithtoldmehow_________(use)adictionary.
5.Thelittleboyused_________(be)abadstudent.Buthestudieswellnow.
6.Wecanusecomputers__________(search)theInternet.
7.Thebigdogcandomanythingslike_________(catch)thieves.
8.Thelittlegirlisgoodat_________(play)thepiano.
9.Areyouable_________(finish)yourhomeworkinanhour.
10.Thiscomputerwas__________(make)inChina.
二、完型填空。
Computersareveryusefulandhelpfultoday.Wemiddleschoolstudentslikecomputersverymuch.Some__1___usethemtoplaycomputergames,whilesomeusethemto__2___usefulinformation.
Myfatherboughta__3___asabirthdaypresentformelastyear.Itbecamemybestfriend.I'dliketo__4____onthecomputerassoonasIgotbackhome.Atweekends,Ioftenplayedgames__5___withmyfriends.ImadealotoffriendsontheInternet.Butmyeyesightbecame__6___,andIwasunableto__7___myhomeworkwithoutmyglasses.Myfathertookawaythecomputer.HetoldmethatIshould__8___myeyes.
Thecomputeris_9___usednowadays.Itcannotonlyhelpuswork,butalsoofferusallkindsofgames.Butifwespendtoomuchtime___10___infrontofthecomputer,itwilldoharmtoourhealth.Weshouldmakegooduseofit.
( )1.A.students B.teachers C.doctors D.workers
( )2.A.lookat B.lookafter C.lookup D.lookto
( )3.A.machine B.book C.toy D.computer
( )4.A.stand B.play C.take D.jump
( )5.A.inline B.online C.withline D.outofline
( )6.A.betterandbetter B.brighterandbrighter
C.strongerandstronger D.worseandworse
( )7.A.cut B.finish C.kill D.say
( )8.A.getalongwellwith B.takecareof C.learnabout D.beinterestedin
( )9.A.loudly B.widely C.narrowly D.quietly
( )10.A.sitting B.sleeping C.eating D.singing
三、阅读理解。