北京天坛的英文导游词.docx

北京天坛的英文导游词.docx

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北京天坛的英文导游词

北京天坛的英文导游词

　　北京天坛地处原北京外城的东南部，故宫正南偏东，正阳门外东侧，那么大家知道怎么向外国游客介绍天坛吗以下是北京天坛的英文导游词，欢迎阅览!

　　ladiesandgentlemen:

　　welcometothetempleofheaven.（afterself-introduction）preservedculturalheritagesofchina.therearebasicallytwokindsofvisitorswhocomehere:

localpensionerswhodoexerciseshereinthemorningandeveningandsightseersbothfromhomeandabroad.allinall，thereare12millionvisitorsveryyear.nowwearegoingtogoalongtheroutethatleadstothealter.itwilltakeroughlyonehour.mindyou，theemperoralsowalkedalongthisroutetopaytributetothegodofheaven.

　　thelargestgroupofarchitecturesevertobededicatedtoheaven，thetempleofheavenservedasanexclusivealtarforchinesemonarchsduringthemingandqingdynasties.itwasdecreedthatrulersofsuccessivedynastieswouldplacealtarsintheirowncapitalstoworshipheavenandprayforgoodharvest.butwhy

　　theancientchinesebelievedthatheavenwasthesupremeruleroftheuniverseandthefateofmankind，andthusworshipingritesdedicatedtoheavencameintobeing.

　　theheaventheancientchinesereferredtowasactuallytheuniverse，ornature.inthosedays，therewerespecficritesofworship.thiswasespeciallytrueduringthemingandqingdynastieswhenelaborateceremonieswereheld.

　　thetempleofheavenwasbuiltin1420duringthereignofemperoryoungleofthemingdynasty.situatedinthesouthernpartofthecity，thisgrandsetofstructurescoversanareaof273hectares.tobettersymbolizeheavenandearth，thenorthernpartofthetempleiscircularwhilethesouthernpartissquare.thewholecompoundisenclosedbytwowalls，asquarewalloutsidearoundone.theouterareaischaracterizedbysuburbanscenery，whiletheinnerpartisusedforsacrifices.theinnerenclosureconsistsofthehallofprayerforgoodharvestandthecircularmoundaltar.

　　thecircularmoundaltarisenclosedbytwowalls，eachcontainingfourgroupsofsouthernlatticestargate，eachinturnconsistingofthreedoors，with24marbledoorsaltogether.standingonthepassagefacingnorth，youwillnoticethatwitheachpairofdoorsonisnarrowerthantheother.thisreflectsthefeudalhierarchy:

thewiderdoorwasreservedformonarchs，whilethenarroweronewasusedbycourtiers.

　　onthedayoftheceremony，theemperorwoulddonhisritualcostumeandbeusheredinbytheofficialinchargeofreligiousaffairs.heascendedthethreeterracesintheforefronttopaytributeatthealter.

　　wearenowonthetopterraceofthealtar，orthethirdterrace.eachterracehasaflightof9steps.atthecenterofthisterraceliesaroundstonesurroundedby9steps.atthecenterofthisterraceliesaroundstonesurroundedby9concentricringsofstone.thenumberofstonesinthefirstringis9，inthesecond，18，upto81inthe9thring.eventhenumberofcarvedbalustradesontheseterracesisamultipleeof9.butwhy

　　accordingtoancientchinesephilosophy，yinandyangweretwoopposingfactors.heavenandtheoddnumbersbelongedtoyangwhiletheearthandevennumbersbelongedtoyin.ninewasthelargestheavenlynumberaccessibletoman.whatismore，theancientpeoplealsobelievedthatheavenconsistedofninelayersandthattheemperor`sabodewasontheuppermosttier.

　　oncemorelookattheroundstoneinthecenter.theupperterraceisninezhang（achineseunitoflength，onezhangequalsmeters）incircumference，whilethemiddleis15zhang，thelower，21zhang.classifiedasyangnumbers，thesumofthesenumeralsis45zhangwhichwasmeanttosymbolizedsuccess.whatismore，byapplyingtheconceptofoddnumbersandstrengtheningnineanditsmultiples，theconceptofheavenwasthusillustratedandrealized.theconceptofninewillalsobementionedwhenwevisitsomeotherbuildings.

　　nowiwillgiveyouabriefaccountofwhathappenedhereannuallyontheintersolstice.thememorialtabletdedicatedtoheavenwouldbesetuponthenorthsideoftheterrace，whiletabletsdedicatedtotheemperor`sancestorswouldbeenshrinedontheflanks.theservicewouldbeginaround4o`clockinthemorning.allofthelanternswouldbelit.intheforeground，asacrificialcalfisbeingbarbecued.onthesquareinfrontofthealtar，theemperor，underheavyescortofnearlyathousandcourtiers，princesofroyalblood，musicians，dancersanduniformedsoldiers，wouldslowlyascendthealtartooffersacrificeandprayinhonorofheaven.whentheservicedrewtoaclose，thesacrificeofferedinfrontofthememorialtabletswouldbeincinerated.allofparticipantswouldwatchthethicksmokeriseupwardasiftheywereseeinggodoff.musicanddancingwouldfollow.intheend，theemperorwouldreturntotheforbiddencitysecureinthebeliefthathewouldbeblessedandprotectedbyheavenuntilthenextwintersolstice.

　　itisinterestingtonotethat，thestoneintheverymiddleofthealtarwasofmajorimportance，sinceitwaswheretheemperorusedtostandtosayhisprayer.thestone，whichisknownasthegod`sheartstone，ispeculiarinthatitischaracterizedbyaspecificacousticphenomenon:

itmadetheemperor`svoiceclearerandlouder，thusaddingtothemysticatmosphereoftheservice.youcantrythisoutbyyourself.（proceednorthwardtopassthroughthelatticestargate）

　　thisstructureisknownasheaven`sstorehouse.itisenteredthroughthegateofglazedtiles.theroofing，beams，andbracketsareallmadeofglazedtilesorbricks.thisistheonlystructureofitskindinchinatoday.

　　theheaven`sstorehousewaswherememorialtabletsdedicatedtothegodswerekept.douglashurd，aformerbritishforeighsecretary，oncesaid，“godattendstohisaffairsonthecir4cularmoundaltarbutstayshere.”nowlet`sgointotoseeit（gothroughtheleftsidedoor）

　　（inthecourtyardofheaven`sstorehouse）thisistheimperialvaultofheaven，themainstructureofheaven`sstorehouse.itwasbuiltin1530andis17metersinheightand19metersindiameter.thestructurefeatureblueroofstoppedbyagildedball，andcarvedwoodendoorsandwindows.itisdecoratedwithcoloredpaintings.foundedona3-meter-hignroundmarbleterrace，thebuildingalsofeaturesagiganticcarvedmarbleramplaidinthestonestaircaseleadinguptothefrontentrance..therampiscarvedin“twodragonsplayingwithapearl”designinrelief.wewillenterthemainhallbygoingupthestonestaircaseontheeasternside.

　　thearchofthehallisbuttressedby16giantpillarsontworings.ontopofthepillarstherearegiltbracketssupportingacircularcaisson，orcoveredceiling.theceilingischaracterizedbyagoldencoilingdragondesign.the8pillaroftheinnerringarepaintedscarletanddecoratedwithgoldenlotuses.

　　tothenorthofthehallthereisamarblepedestal.atopit，upawoodenflightof9steps，iswherethemajortabletdedicatetoheavenwasenshrined.oneachflankfourtabletsareenshrinedinhonoroftheancestorsoftheqingemperors.intheannexhallinhornoroftheancestorsoftheqingemperors.intheannexhallsinthecourtyard，therearetabletsdedicatedtothedeitiesofthesun，moon，constellation，cloud，rain，windandthunder.

　　asidefromexquisitelylaidoutarchitectures，heaven`sstorehouseisalsofamousfortwostructureswithpeculiaracousticfeatures，i.e.theechowallandthetriple-soundstone.amerewhisperatanypointclosetothewallcanbeheardclearlyontheotherside，althoughthepartiesmaybe40or50metersapart.thisispossiblebecausethewallisroundandhermeticallyconstructedwithsmooth，solidbricks.

　　infrontofthestepsleadingawayfromthehallsisthetriplesoundstone.ifyoustandonthefirststoneandcalloutorclapyourhands，thesoundwillechoonce;onthesecondstone，thesoundwillbeheardtwice;andonthethirdstone，thesoundwillrepeatthreetimes.hencethename.（gooutthroughtherightdoorandstrollalongthecircularpathnorthward）

　　thetempleofheavenisalsofamousforitscypresstrees-therearemorethan60，000cypresstreesinall，amongwhichover4，000aremorethanonehundredyearsold，addingtothesolemnatmosphereofthetemple.thistallcypresswasplantedmorethan500yearsago.itsthickbranchesandtwistingtrunkresemblingninecoilingplayfuldragons;thusitisknownasthenine-dragoncypress.itissaidthatthistreewasheretowelcomethemonarchs.nowitisheretowelcomevisitorfromallovertheworld.

　　nowwearebackagainonthecentralaxis.thisbrick-archedgateisknownaschengzhen（adoptingfidelity）.thisgateisthenortherngateofthecircularmoundaltarandthehallofprayerforgoodharvest.thehallofprayerforgoodharvestissituatedattheextremeendoftheaxis.itwasusedbytheemperorinthefirstmonthofeverylunaryearforservicesdedicatedtogoodharvest.

　　enteringthehallofprayerforgoodharvest，wesetfootonaraisedpassage360meterslong，whichtheemperoralsotooktoproceedtothehall.thisbroadnorth-southwalkway，calleddanbiqiao（redstairwaybridge），connectsthetwosetsofmainbuildinginthetempleofheavenandconstitutesasingleaxis.

　　thepassageisdividedintoleft，controlandrightpathsbythecrossarrangementofslabs.thecentralandthewidestpathisknownasheavenlythoroughfare，whichwasreservedexclusivelyforgod;nobody，includingtheemperor，wasallowedtosetfootontoit.theemperorusedthepathontheeast，whichisknownastheimperialwalk.theministersandprincesusedtheoneonthewest.interestingenough，thereisnowalkwayleftforordinarypeople.thisisbecausethetempleofheavenusedtobeoff-limitstoth