专业英语八级听力34.docx

专业英语八级听力34.docx

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专业英语八级听力34

专业英语八级听力-34

（总分：

100.00，做题时间：

90分钟）

一、{{B}}LISTENINGCOMPREHENSION{{/B}}（总题数：

10，分数：

100.00）

（分数：

10.00）

（1）.InwhatgeneralwayhastheroleoftheAmericanmaleschanged?

∙A.Theyearnmoremoneythantheyusedto.

∙B.Theyarelesssensitivetoday.

∙C.Theyaremoreactiveinwork.

∙D.Theytakeonmoredomesticroles.

（分数：

2.00）

 A.

 B.

 C.

 D. √

解析：

[听力原文]W:

Fortoday'sshow,I'dliketointroduceourguest—MrJameson—asociologistwhohasjustcompletedextensiveresearchonthechangingroleofmeninAmericatoday.Goodafternoon,MrJameson,andthankyouforjoiningus.M:

Thankyou.It'snicetobehere.W:

CanyougiveusanoverallpictureofhowtheroleoftheAmericanmenhaschanged?

M:

Well,that'sabigquestion,butI'dsaytherolehaschangedinmanyways.Youcanseeitinmoviesandintelevision...inmanywaysthatmenaremoreandmorewillingtoshowtheirfeelingsnowthantheyusedto.Forexample,oneofthemostpopularmoviesKramervsKramershowedmeninatotallydifferentrolethanyounormallysee.Itshowedamanwhowassensitive,wholearnedhowtotakecareofhischild.ItseemsthatmenarenolongersatisfiedwithmerelybringinghomethemoneyfortheFamily,buttheywanttotakeanactiveroleinraisingthefamily.Inotherwords,wedon'thavethestrongsilenttypesasmuchanymore.Nowthefatherisanactiveparticipantinthefamily.W:

Couldyoubemorespecificandtellussomeofthewaystheroleofthefatherhaschanged?

M:

Well,it'schangedinseveralways.Oneisintheattitudetowardwhattheyactuallydo.Let'sgiveanexamplewithhousework.Morethan50%ofmenwhowereaskedinseveralquestionnairessaidthattheywerewillingtoshareinthehouseworkwiththeirwives.Thatmeansthattheywerewillingtohelpwiththedishes,tohelpcleanthekitchenandtakeotherrolesthathadbeenassociatedwithwomen.Andinfact80%ofmenwhohavebeensurveyedhavesaidthattheythinkthatmenaswellaswomenshouldhaveequalshareintheraisingofthechildren.W:

Now,yousaidtherewasalsoachangeinwhatmenactuallydo.M:

Yes.Notonlydomenagreethattheyshouldtakeamoreactiveroleinthefamily,buttheyareputtingtheirbeliefsintoaction.Infact,manymenhaveactuallytakenoverraisingchildren.W:

Well,whathascausedthischange?

M:

Well,that'saverygoodquestion.Thereareseveralcauses.Ithinkoneofthebiggestcausesiseconomic.Thefactthatmanywomenhaveenteredthejobmarkethasforcedmentotakeonrolesfinaltheydidn'thavebefore.Womenusedtodoallthehouseworkinthehouse,andmenwhoweredoingalltheworkbroughtinmoremoney.ButthenumberofworkingwomenhastripledsinceWorldWarⅡ.Nowwhenyouhavethesewomenworking,youcan'texpectthemtocomebackafteraday'sworkandtakeupthehousework.Anothermasonisthatdivorceshavebecomesocommonphenomena,andthefactthattherearesomanydivorcesmakesitnecessaryforsomeofthementoraisethechildrenwithoutawoman'shelp.Andthereforeifthewomanisnotaround,themanhastotakecareofthesetasks.Infact,thereareapproximatelyonemillionchildrenintheUSbeingraisedexclusivelybyfathers.Nowwiththislargenumberofmothersworkingandthelargenumberofmentakingcareofthehousealone,theyhavenochoicebuttotakeonsomeofwhathavebeentraditionallywomen'sroles.W:

Andhowdothefathersfeelaboutthis?

M:

Well,mostofthefatherswhodoshareintheserolesarequitepositiveaboutthis.Theyfeelithelpsthemgettoknowtheirchildrenbetter,sothefathersareclosertotheirchildren.Theytrytoplaywiththechildrenmoreandthishelpsthemunderstandtheirchildren.Theyalsofeelthere'smuchmoreloveexpressedifthey'realwaysabletohelparoundinthefamily.Theyhavetimetoexpresstheirlove.W:

Andhowdothechildrenfeel?

M:

Well,manystudieshaveshownthatchildrenwhoplaywiththeirfathersandwhoarearoundthemalotareabletowithstandstressbetterandareabletoadapttooutsidersbetter.Inotherwords,strangersdon'tscarethemandinfactstudieshaveshownthattheycanevenlearnmoreeasily.W:

That'sveryinterestingbutaren'tthereanyproblemswiththechangingroleofmen?

M:

Well,therearesometimesproblems.Oneisthatmencan'ttakeoverinthehomeunlesstheirworkingworldismadealittlemoreflexible.Manycompaniesrightnowdonotwanttogivevacationsorleavestoworkingmenwhowanttostayhomeandtakecareoftheirfamilies.Themenfeeltheymustgiveotherexcuses.Theysaythatthey'regoingtowriteabookorsomething;theycan'tsaythatthey'releavingtotakecareoftheirchildren.Inotherwords,theattitudeofmeningeneralhasnotchangedtothepointwhereit'seasytoleaveandentertheworkworldforfamilies.Anotherreasonisthatifmenstayathomewiththeirchildren,theycannotearnmoneyoutside.Sothehouseholdasawholebringsinlessmoney.W:

Well,thankyouverymuch,MrJameson.Thatwasveryinteresting.Andnowforamessagefromoursponsor.细节题。

录音中男士说美国男性的角色在很多方面发生了改变，男性比以前更愿意表达他们的感情，他们不再仅仅满足于挣钱养家，而是要在家庭中承担一个积极的角色，父亲逐渐成为家庭中活跃的一员，可见美国男性承担了更多家庭的角色，因此答案为D。

其中domestic“家庭的”是对文中family的同义替换。

（2）.WhichofthefollowingisNOTawaytheroleofmenhaschanged?

∙A.Theytakeanactiveattitudetowardshousework.

∙B.Mostofthemthinkmenandwomenshouldhaveequalshareinraisingchildren.

∙C.Somementakeonmostofhiswife'sroles.

∙D.Somemenareraisingchildrenexclusively.

（分数：

2.00）

 A.

 B.

 C. √

 D.

解析：

细节题。

女士问男性角色改变的具体方面时，男士提到一个转变的方面是态度上的，调查中一半多的男性表示愿意与妻子分担家务，80%还说男女在抚养孩子方面应该有相同的责任，后面男士还提到现在大约有一百万的孩子完全由父亲抚养，因此A、B、D均正确，C在文中未提及，故为答案。

（3）.Accordingtotheman,whatisthemaincauseofthischange?

∙A.Unemployment.

∙B.Job-relatedstress.

∙C.Housework.

∙D.Frequencyofdivorces.

（分数：

2.00）

 A.

 B. √

 C.

 D.

解析：

推断题。

录音中男士说男性角色改变的最大原因之一是经济上的，职业女性的出现迫使他们承担过去没有的角色。

女性进入了工作市场，不可能再指望她们工作了一天之后再回家做家务，因此男性必须负担一部分。

由此推断，主要原因应是B“工作压力”。

A、C明显错误，D不是主要原因。

（4）.Accordingtotheman,howdomostfathersfeelabouttheirtakingonwomen'srole?

∙A.Mostofthemarewillingtodothis.

∙B.Mostofthemfeelreluctanttotakeonthosejobs.

∙C.Mostofthemdonotwanttoopenlyexpresstheirlove.

∙D.Mostofthemlikethosejobs.

（分数：

2.00）

 A. √

 B.

 C.

 D.

解析：

细节题。

录音中女士问父亲们对这种转变有何感想，男士回答说他们对此持积极看法，因此答案为A。

选项中的willing是对文中positive的同义替换。

（5）.Whichofthefollowingisaproblemcausedbythechangingroleofmen?

∙A.Ahouseholdbringsinlessmoney.

∙B.Womenspendlesstimewiththeirchildren.

∙C.Childrenarenotwelltakencareofathome.

∙D.Menhavelessleisuretime.

（分数：

2.00）

 A. √

 B.

 C.

 D.

解析：

细节题。

文中男士说，角色的改变也导致了一些问题。

一是男性只有在工作较灵活时才能承担家务，而许多公司现在不准男士请假回家照顾家人，因此他们不得不另找借口。

另一个问题是如果男性在家待着就没法在外面挣钱，这样整个家庭的收入就减少了。

因此选项中只有A正确。

（分数：

10.00）

（1）.Howmanyspeciescouldbecomeextinctwithinafewyears?

∙A.210.

∙B.110.

∙C.200.

∙D.105.

（分数：

2.00）

 A. √

 B.

 C.

 D.

解析：

[听力原文]W:

Whatexactlyisanendangeredspecies?

M:

Well,anendangeredspeciesisananimalthatisindangerofbecomingextinct.W:

Howmanyspeciesareindanger?

M:

Thereareabouttwohundredandtenspeciesthatwefeelcouldbecomeextinctwithinafewyearsifcertainstepsarenottaken.W:

Whatkindofstepsdoyoumean?

M:

Letmegiveyouanexamplewithasomewhathappyending.RighthereintheUS,hugebuffaloweighingbetweenonethousandandtwothousandpoundseachroamedtheplains.TherewereprobablyabouttwentymillionbuffalointheUSin1850,buttheyweresobigandnumerousthattheystoppedtrainswhentheycrossedthetracks.Therailroadcompanieshadthemkilledbythethousands.By1889,therewereonlyfivehundredandfifty-onebuffaloaliveinthewholeUnitedStates.W:

Whydidyousaythattherewasahappyending?

Thatdoesn'tsoundsohappytome.M:

Well,theUSgovernmentstartedtoprotectbuffalo,andtherearenowmorethantenthousandaliveintheUS.That'swhatImeanbyahappyending.Theyalmostbecameextinct.W:

Whataboutasadending?

Couldyougiveusanexample?

M:

Sure.Themostfamousexampleisprobablythepassengerpigeonwhichwasoncesonumerousthatwehaveahardtimeevenimaginingit.In1808anexpertonbirdsnamedAlexanderWilsonsawalargeflockwhichheestimatedcontainedmorethantwobillion,twohundredandthirtymillionbirds.In1813,thefamousJohnAudobonwatchedaflockthattookthreewholedaystoflyoverhead.Theflockwassothickthatitactuallyblockedthesun,andthewingssoundedlikethunder.W:

That'sincredible.Butifthereweresomanyofthesebirds,howdidtheybecomeextinct?

M:

Well,menwouldknockthemoutoftreeswithpolesorcutdowntheirnestingplaces,killthemontheground,orevenchokethemwithburningsulfur.W:

Butwhydidtheywanttodothat?

M:

Formeatmostly,hunterskilledthepigeonsandsentthembythemillionstobigcities.TheysoldforoneortwocentseachinNewYorkandChicago.Otherpeoplejustkilledthebirdsforfun.Buttodaythat'snottheonlyreasonanimalsarekilled.Todayanimalsarekilledmainlyfortheirskinsorfortheirteeth.Let'staketheUS,forexample,abouttwelvemillionhidesfromwildanimalsareshippedtotheUSeachyear.Inaddition,onehundredandthirtymillionanimalproductsfromwildanimalsareimportedeachyear.Butthat'snotthemainproblem.Wecannottellifananimalwaskilledillegallyornot.It'snotourproblemreally.W:

Whatistherealproblem?

M:

Therealproblemishowtopreventtheanimalsfrombeingkilledinthefirstplace.Kenya,forexample,hasspentmillionstryingtoprotecttheelephant,butit'sdifficulttoprotectananimalthat'scarryingthirteenhundreddollarsworthofivoryonitshead.Inaddition,fa