专四英语语法考点串讲1023.docx
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专四英语语法考点串讲1023
专
四
语
法
考
点
串
讲
吴芳芳
2011.3
英语专业四级考试历年各语法考点的分布表（1991-2010）
考点
10
09
08
07
06
05
04
03
02
01
00
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
非谓语动词
不定式
1
1
1
1
1
分词
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
动名词
1
2
1
1
1
1
独立主格
2
1
1
1
并列句和复合句
状语从句
1
1
3
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
1
定语从句
1
1
3
2
1
1
2
3
1
2
1
名词性从句
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
虚拟语气
1
2
1
4
3
5
5
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
1
3
1
3
2
比较级结构
1
2
4
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
2
情态动词
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
倒装
2
1
1
1
1
强调和省略
2
1
副词和形容词
4
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
冠词
1
1
1
1
固定搭配
1
1
1
1
2
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
反意疑问句
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
强调句
代词
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
主谓一致
1
1
1
1
1
1
句子成分
3
1
1
1
时态
1
3
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
专四英语语法考点串讲之一：
虚拟语气
考点1.If从句中的虚拟语气
省略if，从句的语序用到装，即将were,had或should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。
1、与过去事实相反：
从句sbhaddone，主句sbwould（should,could,might）+havedone；
1.HadJudybeenmorecarefulonthemathsexam,she____muchbetterresultsnow.2008
A.wouldbegettingB.couldhavegotC.mustgetD.wouldget
2.Hewouldhavefinishedhiscollegeeducation,buthe____toquitandfindajobtosupporthisfamily.2007
A.hadhadB.hasC.hadD.wouldhave
3.___,hewouldnothaverecoveredsoquickly.2005/1995
A. Hadn'thebeentakengoodcareofB. Hadhenotbeentakengoodcareof
C. HadnothebeentakengoodcareofD. Hadhebeennottakengoodcareof
4.I___thepartymuchmoreiftherehadn’tbeenquitesuchacrowdofpeoplethere.2004/1996
A.wouldenjoyB.willhaveenjoyedC.wouldhaveenjoyedD.willbeenjoying
5.Allofuswouldhaveenjoyedthepartymuchmoreifthere___quitesuchacrowdofpeoplethere.2004/2000
A.weren’tB.hasn’tbeenC.hadn’tbeenD.wouldn’t
6.___forthefactthatshebrokeherleg,shemighthavepassedtheexam.2002
A.HaditnotbeenB.Hadn’titbeenC.WasitnotD.Wereitnot
7._____enoughtimeandmoney,theresearcherswouldhavebeenabletodiscovermoreinthisfield.1998
a.Givingb.Togivec.Givend.Beinggiven
8.Iwastohavemadeaspeechif___.1997
A.IwasnotcalledawayB.nobodywouldhavecalledmeaway
C.IhadnotbeencalledawayD.nobodycalledmeaway
9._____time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.1996
A.HavingB.GivenC.GivingD.Had
10.Wecould___himwithadetachedhousewhenhecame,buthehadspecificallyaskedforasmallflat.1995
A.provideB.haveprovidedC.notprovideD.nothaveprovided
11.______youwerebusy,Iwouldn’thavebotheredyouwithmyquestions.1994
A.IfIrealizedB.HadIrealizedC.IrealizedthatD.AsIrealized
12._____theirhelp,wewouldnothavesucceeded.1992
A.Hadn'tbeenforB.HaditnotbeenforC.Ithadn'tbeenforD.Hadnotitbeenfor
13.Ifyou_____insuchahurryyousugarintothesauceinsteadofsalt.1992
A.werenot,wouldnotputB.were,wouldput
C.hadbeen,wouldhaveputD.hadnotbeen,wouldnothaveput
14."Didyouhearofhisdeath?
'
"Yes.Ifhe___intime,he___.”1990
A.hadbeenoperatedon,mightnotdieB.hadbeenoperatedon,mightnothavedied
C.wereoperatedon,mightnotdieD.wereoperatedon,-mightnothavedied
2、与现在事实相反：
从句sbdid（were），主句sbwould（should,could,might）+do；
1.Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,English_____mucheasiertolearn.2009
A.couldhavebeenB.wouldbeC.willbeD.wouldhavebeen
2.“You______borrowmynotesprovidedyoutakecareofthem,”Itoldmyfriend.2007
A.couldB.shouldC.mustD.can
3.Ifyouexplainedthesituationtoyoursolicitor,he________abletoadviseyoumuchbetterthanIcan.2005
A.wouldbeB.willhavebeenC.wasD.Were
4.IfIknewJapanese,I______fortheposition.1991
A.wouldapplyB.willapplyC.mayhaveappliedD.willhaveapplied
3、与将来事实相反：
从句sbdid（should+do或were+todo），主句sbwould（should,could,might）+do。
1._____you_____furtherproblemswithyourprinter,contactyourdealerforadvice.2005
A.If,hadB.Have,hadC.Should,haveD.Incase,had
2.Thisisanillnessthatcanresultintotalblindness_______leftuntreated.2000
A.afterB.ifC.sinceD.unless
3.Ifyourcar____anyattentionduringthefirst12months,takeittoanauthorizeddealer.（1998）
A.shallneedB.shouldneedC.wouldneedD.willneed
4、错综条件句，也就是主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段。
根据历年真题能看出，一般以考察从句对过去虚拟，而主句对现在虚拟为主，即从句sbhaddone，主句sbwould（should,could,might）+do；
1.Ifonlythepatient______adifferenttreatmentinsteadofusingtheantibiotics,hemightstillbealivenow.2007
A.hadreceivedB.receivedC.shouldreceiveD.werereceiving
2.____ifIhadarrivedyesterdaywithoutlettingyouknowbeforehand?
2004
A.WouldyoubesurprisedB.Wereyousurprised
C.HadyoubeensurprisedD.Wouldyouhavebeensurprised
考点2：
表示建议、要求、命令等动词如insist,order,command,suggest,advise,propose,ask,require,request,demand引导的从句及it引导的相应的分词、名词和形容词从句，谓语用（should）+动词原形。
1.Itwasrecommendedthatpassengers___smokeduringtheflight.（2004/1994）
A. notB.neednotC.couldnotD.wouldnot
2.Heleftordersthatnothing______toucheduntilthepolicearrivedhere.1997
A.shouldbeB.oughttobeC.mustbeD.wouldbe
3.Sheaskedthatshe______allowedtoseehersoninpolicecustody.1993
A.wouldbeB.couldbeC.beD.was
4.Theteacherdemanded______hisessayimmediately.1991
A.TomtohandinB.thatTomhandsinC.thatTomhandedinD.thatTomhandin
考点3：
Itis+advisable,essential,important,imperative,incredible等从句，谓语用（should）+动词原形。
1.Itisnecessarythathe____theassignmentwithoutdelay.2010
A.handinB.handsinC.musthandinD.hastohandin
2.ItisabsolutelyessentialthatWilliam____hisstudyinspiteofsomelearningdifficulties.2007
A.willcontinueB.continuedC.continueD.continues
3.Itisimperativethatthegovernment__moreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustry.2006
A.attractsB.shallattractC.attractD.hasto
4.Itisimperativethatstudents____theirtermpapersontime.2004
A.handinB.wouldhandinC.havetohandinD.handedin
5.Theopeningceremonyisagreatoccasion.Itisessential_____forthat.2003
A.forustobepreparedB.thatwearepreparedC.ofustobepreparedD.ourbeingprepared
考点4：
itis（high/about）timethat的结构中，从句使用一般过去式。
例如:
1.It’shightimewe__cuttingdowntherainforests.2006
AstoppedBhadtostopCshallstopDstop
2.Thatwasnotthefirsttimehe________us.Ithinkit’shightimewe________strongactionsagainsthim2005.
A.betrayed…takeB.hadbetrayed…tookC.hasbetrayed…tookD.hasbetrayed…take
3.“Whatcoursesareyougoingtodonextsemester?
”
“Idon’tknow.Butit’sabouttime______onsomething.”2002
A.I’ddecideB.IdecidedC.IdecideD.I’mdeciding
4.IfyouhavereallybeenstudyingEnglishforsolong,it’sabouttimeyou___abletowritelettersinEnglish.1999
A.shouldbeB.wereC.mustbeD.are
考点5：
muchas"尽管，虽然"引导让步状语从句，从句中用wouldhavedone表示假设。
1.Muchas____,Icouldn’tlendhimthemoneybecauseIsimplydidn’thavethatmuchsparecash.1999
A.IwouldhavelikedtoB.IwouldliketohaveC.IshouldhavetolikeD.Ishouldhavelikedto
考点6：
ifonly,wish,asif/asthough引导从句，与过去事实相反：
had+done；与现在事实相反：
动词过去式；与将来事实相反：
could/would+do。
1.IfonlyI__playtheguitaraswellasyou!
2006
AwouldBcouldCshouldDmight
考点7：
wouldrather/sooner从句中使用一般过去式或过去完成式分别表示对现在或过去的虚拟。
1.Themanagerwouldratherhisdaughter____inthesameofficenow.
A.hadnotworkedB.nottoworkC.doesnotworkD.didnotwork
考点8：
Onconditionthat...“只有”“条件是”/lest/forfearthat+（should）+原形动词。
1.Heaskedmetolendhimsomemoney,whichIagreedtodo,________thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek.2005
A.onoccasionB.onpurposeC.onconditionD.onlyif
考点9：
butfor
1._____yourtimelyadvice,Iwouldneverhaveknownhowtogoaboutthework.1994
A.UnlessB.ButforC.ExceptforD.Notfor
考点10：
其它
1.Weconsider______heshouldhaveleftwithouttellinganyonebeforehand.2009
A.strangewhyB.itstrangewhatC.itstrangethatD.thatstrange
2.____,I’llmarryhimallthesame.2004
A.WasherichorpoorB.WhetherrichorpoorC.WereherichorpoorD.Beherichorpoor
3.Whethermybrotherrightorwrong,hewillhavemyunwaveringsupport.2001
A.IsB.WereC.BeD.Wouldbe
4.Homeishome,_____eversohomely.1992
A.itisB.itwereC.beitD.itbe
专四英语语法考点串讲之二：
情态动词
*情态动词:
will（愿意）,shall（将）,must（必须）,can,may,would,should（应该）,might,could,oughtto,usedto（过去常常）,need（需要）,dare（竟敢），haveto（不得不）
考试中，情态动词部分重点测试以下内容：
（1）情态动词+行为动词完成式（表示推测）
（2）某些情态动词的特殊用法
考点1.情态动词＋have＋过去分词结构表示推测
（1）musthavev-ed表示推测过去某事“一定”发生了。
否定形式为：
can’t/couldn’thavev-ed,表示过去不可能发生某事。
1.Nancy'sgonetoworkbuthercar'sstillthere.She____bybus.2010
A.musthavegoneB.shouldhavegoneC.oughttohavegoneD.couldhavegone
2.She_____fiftyorsowhenIfirstmetherattheconference.2009/2007
A.mustbeB.hadbeenC.couldbeD.musthavebeen
3.Whichofthefollowingsentencesexpresses"probability"?
2008
A.Youmustleaveimmediately.B.Youmustbefeelingrathertired.
C.Youmustbeherebyeig
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