1226考研英语.docx

1226考研英语.docx

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1226考研英语

考研英语

（一）

SectionⅠUseofEnglish

　　Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

　　InCambodia,thechoiceofaspouseisacomplexonefortheyoungmale.Itmayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhisfriends,__1__thoseoftheyoungwoman,butalsoamatchmaker.Ayoungmancan__2__alikelyspouseonhisownandthenaskhisparentsto__3__themarriagenegotiations,ortheyoungman’sparentsmaytakethechoiceofaspouse,givingthechildlittletosayintheselection.__4__,agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechosen.__5__aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying__6__agoodfamily.

　　Thetraditionalweddingisalongandcolorfulaffair.Formerlyitlastedthreedays,__7__1980sitmorecommonlylastedadayandahalf.Buddhistpriestsofferashortsermonand__8__prayersofblessing.Par--tsoftheceremonyinvolveritualhaircutting,__9__cottonthreadssoakedinholywateraroundthebride'sandgroom'swrists,and__10__acandlearoundacircleofhappilymarriedandrespectedcouplestobless the__11__. Newlywedstraditionallymoveinwiththewife'sparentsandmay__12__withthemuptoayear,__13__theycanbuildanewhousenearby.

　　Divorceislegalandeasyto__14__,butnotcommon.Divorcedpersonsare__15__withsomedisapproval.Eachspouseretains___16___propertyheorshe__17__intothemarriage,andjointly-acquiredpropertyis__18__equally.Divorcedpersonsmayremarry,butagenderprejudice__19__up. Thedivorcedmaledoesn'thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecanremarry__20__thewomanmustwaittenmonths.

　　1.A.bywayof      B.withregardto   C.onbehalfof       D.aswellas

　　2.A.decideon       B.providefor      C.competewith      D.adaptto

　　3.A.close       B.arrange         C.renew         D.postpone

　　4.A.Intheory      B.Aboveall         C.Intime         D.Forexample

　　5.A.Unless      B.Less            C.After            D.Although

　　6.A.into         B.within         C.from            D.through

　　7.A.or         B.since            C.but            D.so

　　8.A.test         B.copy            C.recite            D.create

　　9.A.folding      B.piling         C.wrapping         D.tying

　　10.A.passing      B.lighting         C.hiding         D.serving

　　11.A.association   B.meeting         C.collection         D.union

　　12.A.deal         B.part            C.grow            D.live

　　13.A.whereas      B.until            C.for             D.if

　　14.A.avoid         B.follow         C.challenge         D.obtain

　　15.A.isolated      B.persuaded         C.viewed         D.exposed

　　16.A.wherever      B.whatever         C.whenever         D.however

　　17.A.changed      B.brought         C.shaped         D.pushed

　　18.A.invested      B.divided         C.donated         D.withdrawn

　　19.A.warms      B.clears          C.shows         D.breaks

　　20.A.while         B.sothat         C.once            D.inthat

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

　　PartA

　　Directions：

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

　　Text1

　　France，whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwomen.Itslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrimetoemployultra-thinmodelsonrunways.Theparliamentalsoagreedtobanwebsitesthat“inciteexcessivethinness”bypromotingextremedieting.

　　Suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives.Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth.That’sastart.Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarvingthemselvestodeath–assomehavedone.Ittellsthefashionindustrythatitmusttakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthesocialtape-measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualworth.

　　Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen（andmanymen）thattheyshouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeauty.Andperhapsfaintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthandietingtheirwaytosizezeroorwasp-waistphysiques.

　　TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showing.Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexofbodymasscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.

　　Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentandidealizedbodytypes.InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafewothercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashionimagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcement.

　　IncontrasttoFrance’sactions,Denmark’sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingtheage,health,andothercharacteristicsofmodels.ThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalCharterclearlystates:

”Weareawareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbodyideals,especiallyonyoungpeople”.Thecharter’smaintoolofenforcementistodenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagenFashionWeek（CFW）,whichisrunbytheDanishFashionInstitute.Butingeneralitreliesonaname-and-shamemethodofcompliance.

　　Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyidealsmaybethebeststep.Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry.

　　21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph，whatwouldhappeninFrance?

　　[A]Physicalbeautywouldberedefined.

　　[B]Newrunwayswouldbeconstructed.

　　[C]Websitesaboutdietingwouldthrive.

　　[D]Thefashionindustrywoulddecline.

　　22.Thephrase“impingingon”（Line2，Para.2）isclosestinmeaningto

　　[A]heighteningthevalueof

　　[B]indicatingthestateof

　　[C]losingfaithin

　　[D]doingharmto

　　23.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry？

　　[A]TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailed.

　　[B]NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmark.

　　[C]Modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressure.

　　[D]Itsinherentproblemsaregettingworse.

　　24.AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor

　　[A]pursuingperfectphysicalconditions

　　[B]caringtoomuchaboutmodel’scharacter.

　　[C]showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors

　　[D]settingahighagethresholdformodels

　　25.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?

　　[A]AChallengetotheFashionIndustry’sBodyIdeals

　　[B]ADilemmafortheStarvingmodelsinFrance

　　[C]JustAnotherRoundofStruggleforBeauty

　　[D]TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry

Text2

　　Forthefirsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountry.InBritainthishashadacuriousresult.WhilepollsshowBritonsrate”thecountryside”alongsidetheroyalfamily,ShakespeareandtheNationalHealthSerivce（NHS）aswhatmakesthemproudestoftheircountry,thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport.

　　AcenturyagoOctaviaHillLaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylishhousesbuttosave“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever”.Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycouldexperience“arefreshingair.”Hill’spressurelaterledtocreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts.Theydon’tmakecountrysideanymore，andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit.Itneedsconstantguardianship.

　　Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment.Theconservatives’planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityoverconservation，evenauthorising“off-plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment.TheLiberalDemocratsaresilent.OnlyUkip,sensingitschance,hassidedwiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenland.ItsCampaigntoProtectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalconservativeparties.

　　Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses，factoriesandofficesiswherepeopleare，incitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplace.TheLondonagentsStirlingAckroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfamillionhousesintheLondonareaalone，withnointrusionongreenbelt.WhatistrueofLondoniseventrueroftheprovinces.

　　Theideathat”housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways，wheretoputthem.Underlobbypressure，GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewal.Hefavoursout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthighstreets.Thisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedone.Ruraltownsandvillageshavegrownandwillalwaysgrow.Theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheircharacter.WedonotruinurbanDevelopmentshouldbeplanned,notletrip.AftertheNetherlands,BritainisEurope’smostcrowedcountry.Halfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenabledittoretainanenviableruralcoherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanliving.Thereisno