英语时间状语从句.docx

英语时间状语从句.docx

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英语时间状语从句

英语时间状语从句

状语从句1.时间状语从句

（1）whenwhen用作并列连词（正在那时，突然）Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.IwaswatchingTVwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.…onthepointofdoing…when…did………hadjustdonewhen……

（2）asas与延续性动词连用，侧重两个动作伴随发生,其时态一致：

Ashegrewolderhelostinterestineverythingexceptgardening.Wewerehavingbreakfastasshe________（watch）TV.（3）whilewhile“在……期间”，与延续性动词连用，和主句的动作同时发生，常用三种时态。

1.WhileIwaswaitingatthebusstop,buseswentbyintheoppositedirection.2.Whileinprison,hewrotehisfirstnovel.3.Shoesweremendedwhileyouwaited.（4）before①before“在……之前”Ihadfinishedmypapersbeforemyteacherwentabroad.②before“过…时间之后才…”,注意使用___________和___________时态。

Theyworkedlonghoursbeforeeverythingreturnedtonormal.恢复正常Itwillbealongtimebeforewefinishthisdictionary.③还没来得及ThebellrangoffbeforeIcouldanswerit.（5）assoonas“一…就….”，directly，immediately，instantly；theinstant（that），theminute（that），thesecond（that），themoment（that）等通常都可与assoonas换用。

IrecognizedherimmediatelyIsawher.（6）…hardly...when…/…nosooner...than…“刚……就…”，从句用过去时,主句用过去完成时。

注意倒装。

Hehadnosooner/Nosoonerhadhearrivedthanhewasaskedtoleaveagain.Wehadhardlybegun/Hardlyhadwebegunourtalkwhenitbegantorain.（7）since从句用一般过去时，主句通常用现在完成（进行）时.We’venevermetsincewegraduatedfromthecollege.WhathaveyoubeendoingsinceImetyoulasttime?

Ithasbeen/is3yearssincehecameback.练习：

Itwasevening______hecameback.Itwasintheevening______hecameback.（8）till/until“直到……时（为止）”，till不放在句首，until多用于句首。

动词的延续性问题Tomwillremainincollegeuntil（till）hefinisheshisPh.Dcourse.肯定句Iwon’tgowithyouuntil（till）Ifinishmyhomework.否定句NotuntilIfailedintheexamdidIrealizeIshouldstudyhard.倒装ItwasnotuntilIfailedintheexamthatIrealizedIshouldstudyhard.在强调句中的倒装问题（9）whenever/eachtime/everytime/anytime“每当；每次”，可以换用。

Whenever/Everytime/EachtimeImether,shewasstudying.（10）bythetime与完成时连用Bythetime（that）thisletterreachesyou,Iwillhaveleftthecountry.Bythetimehewas10,hehadlearned10000words.Bythetimeyougetthisletter,IwillbeinCanada.（Longman）be动词可不用完成时注意：

Bythetimeheretired,WiltheldmanyNBArecords.（11）nexttime,thefirsttimeNexttimeyouseeme,Iwillhavelost10pounds.ThefirsttimeImetyou,Iknewwewouldbefriends.比较：

That/It/Thisisthefirsttime（that）IhavebeentoLondon.Forthefirsttime仅用作状语（12）AfterWe’llarriveafteryouhaveleft.2.地点状语从句

（1）whereWherethereisawill,thereisaway.含有条件意味IfoundmybookswhereIhadleftthem.注意：

where除指具体地点外，还可表处境等抽象意义。

Hesaidhewashappywherehewas.处境很满意It’syourfaultthatsheiswheresheis.她落到今天这个地步都怪你。

（2）wherever=everywhere,anywhereWherever（Everywhere/Anywhere）theywent,theexpertswerewarmlywelcomed.Makeamarkwhereveryouhaveanyquestions.区别与其引导定语从句Bamboosgrowbestinthesouthwhereit’swetandrainy.3.原因状语从句

（1）becausebecause表示直接的原因或理由，着重点在从句。

用于回答why问句，语气最强。

强调句中用because。

被simply,just,only修饰时用because。

Ididn’tgoabroadwithherbecauseIcouldn’taffordit.JustbecauseIdon’tcomplain,peoplethinkI’msatisfied.Itwasbecausehismotherwasillthathedidn’tcometoschool.小结：

because1._______2._________3._________4.__________

（2）as因为，由于Asyouwereout,Ileftamessage.（3）since通常是双方已知信息，从句多位于主句之前。

Sinceyouwon’thelpme，I’llasksomeoneelse.（4）now（that）“因为,既然,由于”，通常可以和since换用。

其中that可省去，原因往往是已变化的情况。

Now（that）you’vepassedyourtestyoucandriveonyourown.Idoremember，now（that）youmentionit.你这一提，我倒的确想起来了。

（5）when既然，从句必须在后Howcantheyexpecttolearnanythingwhentheyneverlisten?

Whydoyouwantanewjobwhenyouhavegotagoodonealready?

（6）seeing（that）；considering（that）；Giventhat“鉴于；由于；考虑到”Seeing（that）theweatherisbad，we’llstayathome.Consideringhe’sonlyjuststarted,heknowsquitealotaboutit.Itwassurprisingthegovernmentwasre-elected,giventhattheyhadraisedtaxessomuch.（7）for并列连词，不用于句首，对前面内容加以推断或解释Iaskedhertostaytotea,forIhadsomethingtotellher.It’smorningnow,forthebirdsaresinging.4.目的状语从句须与情态动词连用

（1）inorderthat“为了；以便”通常可以与sothat换用。

Theexpertspokeslowlyinorderthateveryoneshouldunderstand.Inorderthatwemightseethesunrise,westartedforthepeak（山峰）early.

（2）so（that）;sothat“为了；以便”。

从句总是放在主句之后，so可视为sothat的省略形式。

Sheworkedhardsothateverythingwouldbereadyintime.Shestayedathomeforafewdayssothatshemight/couldtakecareofhismother.（3）incase/forfear（that）表示否定目的,“以免”,“以防”。

Hetookanumbrellawithhimforfearthatitmightrain.Bettertakemoreclothesincaseitrains.Youprobablywon’tneedtocall,buttakemynumber,justincase.5.结果状语从句sothat①从句只能位于主句之后，中间可以有逗号。

Suddenlyitbegantorainheavily，sothatitwasalmostimpossibletocarryondriving.Nothingmorewasheardfromhimsothatwebegantowanderifhewasdead.②“sothat”既可引导结果状语从句也可引导目的状语从句。

主要根据句意来判断；其次根据从句中的情态动词。

Theystartedoutearly,sothattheydidn’tmissthetrain.________/theywouldnot……._______

（2）so+adj./adv....that…“如此……以致于…”，Shespokesofastthatnobodycouldcatchwhatshewassaying.倒装:

Sofrightenedwashethathecouldn’tsayaword.（3）such...that…such后可跟任何名词。

Such+a/an+形容词+单数名词+that从句=so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that从句。

TheJapanesestudentmadesuchrapidprogressthathesoonbegantowritearticleinChinese.Theprofessortoldussuchafunnystorythatallthestudentslaughed．＝_____________________________________________________（4）suchthat多用于正式文体，主句为“主—系—表”句型。

Hisangerwassuchthathelostcontrolofhimself.Thedamagewassuchthatitwouldcostthousandstorepair.倒装：

SuchisthebeautyoftheGreatwallthatitisstillafavoriteofforeigners.转换：

___________________________________（5）特殊情况…somany/much/few/little……that…ThereissolittletimeleftthatIhavetotellyouaboutitlater.辨析：

ItsohappenedthatIcouldn’tattendthemeeting.翻译：

__________________6.条件状语从句

（1）if虚拟语气仅用if引导。

Youwouldknowwhatwasgoingonifyouhadlistened.辨别：

Idon’tknowifheisinthelabnow.

（2）unless在意义上相当于if...not，语气较强，翻译为“除非……否则……”。

You’llbelateunlessyouhurry.（3）ifonly但愿，要是…就好了.表示愿望或未实现条件Ifonlyitwouldstopraining.IfonlyIknewhername.IfonlyIhadgonebytaxi.（4）Onlyif=onlyonconditionthat“只要；如果”。

注意倒装Onlyifthegreenlightcomesonarepeopleallowedtocrosstheroad.（5）as/solongas只要Youcanborrowthispenaslongasyoucankeepitwell.（6）provided（that）/providing（that）常接有利条件,“如果；只要”。

We’llbuyeverythingyouproduce,providedofcoursethepriceisright.ProvidingyoupromisenottotellanyoneelseI’llexplainthesecret.（7）undertheconditionthat/onconditionthat前提是Theyagreedtolendusthecaronconditionthatwereturneditbeforetheweekend.Theyagreedundertheconditionthatthematterbedealtquickly.（8）Suppose/Supposing（that）常接有根据的假设Supposing（that）youarewrong,whatwillyoudothen?

Supposeitrainstomorrow,whatshallwedo?

（9）Themore…..（条件）,themore（结果）……注意语序---“WhenshouldIaskhim?

”---“Thesoonerthebetter.”Thehigheryoustand,thefartheryouwillsee.（10）As/Sofaras仅限用于以下句型AsfarasIknow,Bettywonthefirstprize.AsfarasIamconcerned,……AsfarasIcansee（it;them）,……（11）连词once（一旦）Wedon’tknowwhattodonextoncethemoneyhasgone.7.让步状语从句

（1）although/though可与副词yet,still等副词连用但不与连词but连用；though可用作副词用于句末,“然而，可是”Althoughtheyhavebeentalkingforalongtime,hecannotmakeherbelievehim.Hesaidhewouldcome;hedidn’t,though.though可以前置部分内容,参见倒装

（2）evenif“即使，纵然”，表示尚未发生的动作或存在的情况。

Evenifitrainstomorrow，wewon’tchangeourplan.（3）eventhough“虽然，尽管”，常表示已经发生的动作或存在的情况。

EventhoughIdidn’tunderstandaword，Ikeptsmiling.Ilikehereventhoughshecanbeannoying.（4）When虽然,然而,从句在后Hewalkswhenhemighttakeataxi.（5）while从句在句首，“虽然，尽管”WhileIunderstandyourpointofview，Idonotshareit.Whiletheyaremyneighbors,Idon’tknowthemwell.（6）whether...or…“无论…还是…”Whetherornotitrains/Whetheritrainsornot,weareplayingfootballonSaturday.Whetherhewillsucceedorfail,itdoesn’tmattermuchtome.（7）asAs在引导让步状语从句时必须前置部分内容，动词提前时从句要加情态动词may/might/can/could/will/would或助动词do/does/didTryashemight,hecouldn’topenthedoor.Happyastheywere,therewassomethingmissing.MuchasIadmirehiscourage，Idon’tthinkheactedwisely.Losemoneyashedid,hegotalotofexperience.注意：

Childas（though）heis,heknowsalot.（8）however无论以何种方式，不管怎样Youcantravelhoweveryoulike.（9）疑问词+ever=Nomatter+疑问词仅引导状语从句Whatever/Nomatterwhathesays，don’tgo.WheneverI’munhappy，hecheersmeup.Sheleavesherbedroomwindowopen,howevercolditis.8.方式状语从句

（1）As“以……方式；如同……那样”，从句有时是省略句。

Leavethepapersastheyare.Youmaydoasyouplease.asitis,astheyare照现状看，看样子Wewerehopingtohaveaholidaynextweek-----asitis,wemaynotbeabletogetaway.

（2）asif/asthough“好像，仿佛”常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。

asif比asthough更为常用。

Hebehavedasifnothinghadhappened.Theoldmanrunsveryfastasifhewasayoungman.（3）Like=asif/asthough；Like=asSheactslikesheownstheplace.Noonesingstheblueslikeshedoes.LikeIsaidyouarealwayswelcometostay.9.比较状语从句

（1）as...as…表示同级比较，中间用形容词或副词的原级，从句常为省略句。

Ihopeshewillmakeasmuchprogressasyou（havedone）.Hedidn’tdoasmuchashehadpromised.程度so...as仅用于否定句。

It’snotsohardasIthought.

（2）than用形容词或副词的比较级形式，从句常常为省略句。

HehaslivedherelongerthanI（haslived）.ItwasmuchbetterthanIhadexpected