形容词和副词比较等级的用法.docx
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形容词和副词比较等级的用法
.形容词和副词比较等级的用法
I）同级比较：
1甲与乙相比程度相同：
用as+原级形容词/副词+as
2甲与乙相比，甲不及乙：
用notas/so+形容词/副词as。
如：
Dickisastallashisbrother.
TomspeaksChineseasfrequentlyasJack.
Thepictureis（not）asbeautifulasthatone.
II）比较级：
1.表示A超过B。
此时用形容词和副词的比较等级more（adj/adv+er）+than
Ourclassroomisbrighterthanyours.
HedidmorecarefullyintheexamthanI.
Idon’tthinkmathismoreimportantthanphysics.
.2表示A不及B用句型：
less+形容词/副词的原级+than=notas/so+形容词/副词as=notmore---than---如：
这幅画比不上那幅画漂亮
2.比较级的修饰语。
这些修饰语通常为副词或短语，置于比较级前面，说明比较级的程度。
这些词有：
alittle,little,abit,bit,alot,agreatdeal,much,far,rather,slightly,byfar,even,still,nearly,almost,any,just,（…）times等。
Themoonismuchsmallerthantheearth.
Theresultoftheexperimentturnedouttobeevenbetterthanexpected.
Speakabitmoreslowly,please.
3．形容词和副词比较级的特殊用法
1）moreandmore越来越……如：
Youaregrowingtallerandtaller.
Englishisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.
2）.Themore--------,themore-----------.越……，越……
Theharderheworks
thehappierhewillfeel.
Themorecarefulyouare,thebetteryouwilldointheexam.
Theharde
ryoustudy,thegreaterprogressyou’llmake.
4）倍数的表达法
①倍数（half,once,twice,…times+as+形容词+as
②倍数+形容词比较级+than…
③倍数+the（size,height,length,weight,width,depth,age）+of…
Thewhiteboxisfourtimesdeeperthantheblackbox.
Thisroadistwicelongerthanthatone.
Theredbuildingistwicetheheightofthegreybuilding.
Ourschoolisthreetimesthesizeofyours.
Thestreetisfourtimesthelengthofthatone.
Theoutputofthepapermillisthreetimeshigherthanitwaslastyea
5）否定词not与never与比较级连用相当于最高级
（1）Youcan’tdoitbetter.=Youdoitthebest.
（2）Theteachercan’texplainthegrammarmoreclearly.
=Theteacherexplainsthegrammarthemostclearly.
（3）__Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm
__Wonderful.I’veneverseenabetterone.=ThisisthebestfilmthatI’veseen.
（4）YousingverywellandI’veneverheardamorebeautifulvoice=----
（5）Howwonderfullyshesings!
I’veneverheardabettervoice.=---
II.形容词和副词比较等级练习
I.Choosethebestanswer
Whatdidyoulikethefilm
-------It’s’veneverseen_______.
A.abetterB.aworseC.thebestD.theworst
2.Thenumberofpeoplepresentattheconcertwas_______thanexpected.Thereweremanyticketsleft.
A.muchsmallerB.muchmoreC.muchlargerD.manymore
3.ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses___energyasthewholeofEurope.
A.astwiceB.twicemuchC.twicemuchasD.twiceasmuch
4.Thehouserentisexpensive.I’vegotabouthalfthespaceIhadathomeandI’mpaying_____here.
A.asthreetimesmuchB.asmuchthreetimes
C.muchasthreetimesD.threetimesasmuch
5.Ournei
ghborshas__________ours.
A.asabighouseasB.asbigahouseas
C.thesamebighouseasD.ahousethesamebigas
6.Themoreyouread,_________.
A.themoreyoulearnB.themoreyou’lllearn
C.moreandmoreyouyou’lllearnD.you’lllearnthemore
III.spend,cost,take,pay和payfor
（1）spend
.他花了很多钱买了这辆新车。
他平时把尽可能多的时间花费在读书上。
（2）cost：
.这本书用了他一美元。
.乘船到伦敦要用12英磅
（3）take
.到邮局用去了我十分钟时间。
他们用了两年时间拍这部新影片。
（4）pay
他花了很多钱买了这辆新车.
.这本书用了他一美元。
（5）payfor
.你得付你的饭费.
IV.notuntil
1.NotuntilIbegantowork_____howmuchtimeIhadwasted.
A.didn’tIrealizeB.didIrealizeC.Ididn’trealizeD.Irealize
2.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_____howse
riousthepollutionwas.
A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealized
C.thevillagersdidrealizedD.didn’tthevillagersrealize
untilIbegantowork____howmuchtimeIhadwasted.
A.didn'tIrealize?
?
?
B.didIrealize?
?
?
C.Ididn'trealize?
?
?
D.Irealized
4.Notuntilhearrivedhome_____hefindthatthiswallethadbeenstolen.
A.did?
?
?
B.would?
?
?
C.when?
?
?
D.that
5.Notuntilhisfatherwasoutofprison____toschool.
A.canJohngoB.JohncangoC.couldJohngoD.Johncouldgo
6.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_____howseriousthepollutionwas.
A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealized
C.thevillagersdidrealizedD.didn’tthevillagersrealize
wasabout600yearsago______thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.（97全国卷）
A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.when
8.Itwas___backhomeafter
theexperiment.（04湖北卷）
A.notuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightthathedidn’tgo
C.notuntilmidnightthathewentD.untilmidnightwhenhedidn’tgo
9.Itwasn’tuntilnearlyamonthlater_____Ireceivedthemanager’sreply.（05全国卷I）
A.sinceB.whenC.asD.that
10.Itwasnotuntilshegothome_______Jenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.（06全国卷II）
A.whenB.thatC.whereD.before
V+edform
ed分词既可以作前置定语,也可以作后置定语。
.1单个的过去分词作前置定语。
.1）及物动词的过去分词具有被动和完成意义。
如:
Isawabrokencuponthetable.
Hetookcareofawoundedsoldier.
HisspokenEnglishispoor.
2）.不及物动词的ed形式不表被动只表完成。
Sheisagrownwoman.
Thepolicearerunningafteranescapedprisoner
Inautumnfallenleavescanbeseenontheground.
Theylookedupattherisensun.
Youshoulddrinkboiledwater.
2.作后置定语，通常是及物动词的过去分词,过去分词短语作定语通常后置，其作用相当于被动的定语从句，ed前不加be动词。
如:
1）.ThisisacolorTVsetproducedlastyear
=Thisis
acolorTVsetthatwereproducedlastyear
2）.Thisisaletterwrittentomebymydaughter
=Thisisaletterthatwaswrittentomebymydaughter一封我女儿写给我的信
3）.IsthisthebookwrittenbyHenryJames
=Isthisthebookwhich/thatwaswrittenbyHenryJames
4）.Hewasaprofessorrespectedbyalltheteachersandstudents
ofthecollege.
=Hewasaprofessorwho/thatwasrespectedbyalltheteachersandstudentsofthecollege
练习：
改写下列句子。
1）．Ilikethe
bookwrittenbyBiShumin.
2）.H
eisreadinganovelwrittenbyShakespeare.
30IlikefilmsdirectedbyZhangYimu.
3．过去分词作定语与现在分词作定语的区别：
过去分词作定语表示被动意义而动作已经完成，而现在分词作定语表示主动意义而动作正在进行。
如：
1）JapanisadevelopedcountrywhileChinaisadevelopingcountry.
2）Don’tdrinkboilingwater.Drinkboiledwater.
3）EnglandisanEnglish-speakingcountrysospokenEnglishisheardeverywhere.
4）fallenleaves____fallingleaves
5）Therisensun_____therisingsun
6）ThepersongivingusaspeechisaprofessorfromCanada.
=ThepersonwhoisgivingusaspeechisaprofessorfromCanada.现在分词作定语相当于主动的定语从句。
4.donebeingdonetobedone的区别
1.Thebuildingbuiltlastmonthisourclassroombuilding
2.Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisourclassroombuilding.
3Thebuildingtobebuiltnextmonthisourclassroombuilding.
4Thequestion_____（raise）atthemeetingyesterdayisimportant.
5Theproblem____（discuss）atthemeetingtomorrowisimportant.
6.Theproblem____（discuss）atthemeetingnowisimportant.
练习：
1I.改写下列句子。
1．IlikethebookwrittenbyBiShumin.
2.HeisreadinganovelwrittenbyShakespeare.
3IlikefilmsdirectedbyZhangYimu.
II.用正确的形式填空
question_____（raise）atthemeetingyesterdayisimportant.
2.Theproblem____（dis
cuss）atthemeetingtomorrowisimportant.
3.Theproblem____（discuss）atthemeetingnowisimportant.
III.选择填空
’tusewords,expressionsorphrases__onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.
knownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known
2．ReadingisanexperiencequitedifferentfromwatchingTV;therearepictures____inyourmindinsteadofbeforeyoureyes.A.toformB.formC.formedD.havingformed
3.therewasan____lookonhisfacewhentheactressappeared.
A.excitedB.excitementC.excitingD.excitedly
’swrongforthe__countriestocontroltheworld.A.developmentB.developingC.developedD.develop
5.Ihavecollectedthemoney____.
A.needingB.needC.toneedD.needed
6.Thebridge___nextyearwillbeverylong.
A.beingbuiltB.tobebuiltC.builtD.building
bookcanbeusedin___countries.
B.English-spokenC.speaking-EnglishD.spoken-English
9.Thisistheproblem___atthemeetingyesterday.A.beingdiscussed;B.havingdiscussed
C.tobediscussedD.discussed
10.The___lookonhisfacesuggestedthathehadnotexpectedso.A.surprisedB.surprisingC.excitedD.exciting
11.TheOlympicGames,_____in776BC,didn’tincludewomenplayersuntil1912.
A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying
shouldyoudoifthereisnofood_____foryouwhenyougethomeafteraday’swork
A.isleftB.leftC.leaveD.leaving
IgotbackhomeIsawamessage___tothedoorreading“Sorrytomissyou,willyoucalllater？
”
A.pinningB.pinnedC.tobepinningD.tobepinned
computercenter,____lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.
A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened
firsttextbook___forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.
A.havingwrittenB.tobewritten
C.beingwritte
nD.written
6.＿inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.
A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed
7.＿tohisresearch,healmostforgoteverything.
A.DevotingB.DevotedC.TodevoteD.Devote
17___someofficials,Napoleoninsp
ectedhisarmy.
AFollowedBFollowedby
CBeingfollowedDHavingbeenfollowedby
8Mostofthepeople____tothepartywerefamousscientists.
AinvitedBtoinviteCbeinginvitedDinviting
question______nowatthemeetingisnotthequestion______yesterday.
A.discussed;discussedB.discussing;haddiscussed
C.beingdiscussed;discussedD.discussing;discussing
’dratherthatTomthecomingexamnextmonth..
A.willpassB.passesCpasse
dD.wouldpass
11.Hurryup,Tom.It’shightimethatyoureadforbreakfast.
A.mustgetB.getC.gotD.willget
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