上海市光明中学届高三上学期开学考试英语试题.docx

上海市光明中学届高三上学期开学考试英语试题.docx

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上海市光明中学届高三上学期开学考试英语试题

Ⅰ.ListeningComprehension（略）

Ⅱ.Grammarandvocabulary

SectionA

Directions:

Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperfromofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Speedingoffinastolencar,thethiefthinkshehasgotagreatcatch.Butheisgoingtoexperience_21_unwelcomesurprise.Thecarisfittedwitharemoteimmobilizer（锁止器）,andaradiosignalfromacontrolcentermilesawaywillensurethat_22_thethiefswitchestheengineoff,hewillnotbeabletostartitagain.

Theideagoeslikethis.Acontrolboxfittedtothecarcontainsamini-cellphone,amicroprocessorandmemory,andaGPS（全球定位系统）satellitepositioningreceiver.Ifthecarisstolen,acodedcellphonesignalwilltellthecontrolcentertoblockthevehicle'senginemanagementsystemandpreventtheengine_23_beingrestarted.

IntheUK,asetoftechnicalfixesisalreadymakinglifeharderforcarthieves."Thepatternofvehiclecrimehaschanged,"saysMartynRandall,asecurityexpert.Hesays_24_wouldonlytakehimafewminutestoteachapersonhowtostealacar,usingabareminimumoftools.Butonlyifthecarismorethan10yearsold.

Moderncarsaremuch_25_（tough）tosteal,_26_theirenginemanagementcomputerwon'tallowthemtostartunlesstheyreceiveauniqueIDcodebeamedoutbytheignition（点火）key.IntheUK,technologieslikethis_27_achievea31%dropinvehicle-relatedcrimesince1997.

Butdeterminedcriminalsarestillmanagingtofindotherwaystostealcars,oftenbygettingholdoftheowner'skeys.Andkeytheftisresponsiblefor40%ofthetheftsofvehiclesfittedwitha_28_（track）system.

Ifthecartravels100metreswithoutthedriverconfirmingtheirID,thesystemwillsendasignaltoanoperationscentre_29_ithasbeenstolen.ThehundredmetresminimumavoidsfalsealarmsduetoinaccuraciesintheGPSsignal.

Staffatthecentrewillthencontacttheowner_30_thatthecarreallyismissing,andkeeppoliceinformedofthevehicle'smovementsviathecar'sGPSunit.

SectionB

Directions:

Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.modelB.balanceC.abandoningD.acknowledgeAB.boastingAC.sufferedAD.conclusionBC.chargingBD.closeCD.elsewhereABC.claim

Itisusuallyacommonpracticethatjournalwebsitesofferreaderstheirfreeonlineeditionsofarticlesandotherinformation.However,America'smostpopularnewspaperwebsiteannouncedthattheeraoffreeonlinejournalismisdrawingtoa_31_.TheNewYorkTimeshasbecomethebiggestpublisheryettosetoutplansforapaywallarounditsdigitaloffering,_32_theacceptedpracticethatInternetuserswillnotpayfornews.

Strugglingwithadeclineofadvertisingandadownwardtendencyinstreetcornersales,TheNewYorkTimesintendstointroducea"metered"_33_atthebeginningof2011.Readerswillberequiredtopaywhentheyhaveexceeded（超过）asetnumberofitsonlinearticlespermonth.

Thedecisionputsthe159-year-oldnewspaperonthe_34_sideofanincreasinglywidechasm（鸿沟）inthemediaindustry.Butothers,includingtheGuardian,havesaidtheywillnotchargeInternetreaders.

TheNewYorkTime'spublisher,ArthurSulzberger,_35_thattheideawasagamble._36_aprintcirculationof995,000onweekdaysand1.4milliononSundays,TheNewYorkTimesisthethirdbestsellingAmericannewspaper,behindtheWallStreetJournalandUSAToday.WhilemostUSpapersfocusonasinglecity,TheNewYorkTimesisamongthefewthatcan_37_nationalscope—aswellas16bureaus（办事处）intheNewYorkarea,ithas11officesaroundtheUSandmaintains26bureaus_38_intheworld.

Butlikemanyinthepublishingindustry,thepaperisinthegripofaseriousfinancialcrisis.Itsparentcompany,theNewYorkTimesCompany,has15papers,but_39_alossof$70millionintheninemonthstoSeptemberandrecentlyaccepteda$250millionloanfromaMexicanbillionaire,CarlosSlim,tostrengthenits_40_sheet.

Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:

ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorPhrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Likemanystudents,Ryanbelievesthatthetimeandmoneyspentonhiseducationwillpayoff:

hewilleventuallybeabletogetagoodjobanddowellinthefieldhehaschosen.Andyet,_41_alloftheyearsspentinschoolpreparingtoentertheworkplace,manyrecentgraduatessaythattheystrugglewiththe_42_fromclassroomtocareerworldandhavedifficulty_43_lifeonthejob.

WriterandeditorJosephLewissuggestsonereasonwhythisisthecase.Lewisbelievesthatmostofourschoolexperiences—fromchildhoodthroughuniversity—arefairly_44_,whilelifeintheworkingworldisfarmoreuncertain.Inschool,_45_,thepatternstaysmoreorlessthesamefromyeartoyear.Intheworkplace,however,constant_46_isthenorm,andonehastoadaptquickly.

Anotherproblemthatgraduatesenteringtheworkforceencounteristhattheyare_47_tothinkanalytically.Inschool,manystudentsincludingthoseincollege,spendalotoftimememorizingfactsandrepeatingwhatthey"learned"ontests.Butintheworkplaceemployees"areoftenexpectedtothinkcriticallyandmake_48_abouttheirwork,notjustfollowasupervisor'sinstructions."Lesstimeneedstobespentinschoolontesting,saysonerecentreport,andmoreonhelpingstudentstoanalyzeandinterpretinformation,solveproblems,andcommunicatetheirideaseffectively—skillsthatwillpreparethemtosucceedintoday'sworkplace.

Finally,manyrecentgraduatessaythatoneofthebiggestdifficultiestheyfaceisadaptingto_49_onthejob.Intheworkplace,employeesmustregularly_50_withothersandareoftendependentontheirco-workersfortheirsuccess.Inotherwords,ifanemployeehastoworkwithotherstocompleteagivenproject,thatemployee's_51_notonlydependsonhishardworkandexpertise,butalsoonhowwellhiscolleaguesperform.Knowinghowtoparticipateeffectivelyinteamwork—anddealwithproblemswhentheyarise—isextremelyimportant,andyet,itisalsosomethingmanystudentsdon'tgetquite_52_toinaschoolsetting.

Howcanwebetterprepareyoungadultsfortheworkplace?

Recentgraduates,lookingbackontheireducationalexperience,havesome_53_.Manythinkthatallstudentsshouldberequiredtodoaninternship（实习）whiletheyareinschool.Volunteeringparttimeatacompany,hospital,orgovernmentorganization,forexample,canhelponegainexperienceandlearnskillsneededtosucceedintherealworld._54_thiskindofpracticalworkexperiencewithclassroominstruction,saythegraduates,willhelppreparestudentsforthe_55_oftheworkplaceandmakethetransitionfromschooltocareerworldlessstressful.

41.A.withregardtoB.thankstoC.inspiteofD.inviewof

42.A.actionB.shiftC.routineD.variety

43.A.turningtoB.reactingtoC.adjustingtoD.seeingto

44.A.predictableB.considerableC.accessibleD.flexible

45.A.howeverB.inadditionC.forexampleD.inreturn

46.A.changeB.reminderC.predictionD.difficulty

47.A.encouragedB.unpreparedC.entitledD.undetermined

48.A.predictionsB.targetsC.decisionsD.inquiries

49.A.independenceB.performanceC.competitionD.teamwork

50.A.argueB.bargainC.identifyD.interact

51.A.successB.ambitionC.completionD.purpose

52.A.attachedB.exposedC.relatedD.addicted

53.A.patienceB.adviceC.expectationD.relief

54.A.PairingB.ChargingC.InvolvingD.Rewarding

55.A.availabilityB.possibilitiesC.invasionD.realities

SectionB

Directions:

Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

（A）

HowWouldYouLiketoPay?

Howdoyoupayforyourcoffee?

Isitwithchange?

Iusemytap-and-gocard.Idon'tevenneedtoentermyPINnumberorasignaturetoapprovepayment.It'squickerandeverybodyinthequeueishappy.

Contactlesspaymentsaregainingpopularity.Thoseconcernedaboutsecuritywillbepleasedtoknowthattheamountofmoneyyoucanspendinone-goislimited—intheUKit'scurrently￡30.Butifthecardisusedafewtimesinarow,aPINnumberwillbeneeded.Ifathiefgetsholdofyourcardandgoesonacrazyshopping,yourbankcoversyouagainstfraud.However,ifsomeonestealsyourbills,that'syourbadluck!

Forthosewhoarealwaysforgettingwheretheyputtheircards,there'sanewsolution:

wearabletechnique:

clothinganddevicesthathavecombinedelectronictechnology.KennethCukier,aneconomistandtechnologyexpert,says:

"Youcansimplytakeanywirelesscardandthechip（芯片）fromitthatyourbankmightissueyouwith,andyoucanputitinacoat.Whenyouwanttomakeapaymentjustwaveyourarminfrontoftheterminalandleavethecoffeeshopwithyourlatte（拿铁咖啡）.Thisisintendedforpeoplewhodon'twanttotaketheircardoutoftheirwallet,usetheirphoneortheirwatch."

Good,isn'tit?

Andnewwaysofspendingmoneyarenotstoppingthere.Thefutureisallaboutbiometrics（生物识别技术）.Veryconvenientifyouareatthebeachorafestival—there'sanewsystemindevelopmentwhichwillmakeitpossibletoreadtheuniquemapsofveins（静脉）underthesurfaceofyourfinger,andusethemtoconfirmpayments—orprovethatit'syoumakingthepayments.Youjustneedtorememberwhichfingeryouregisteredwith.

Sospendingmoneyisbecomingeasierallthetime.Andthetemptationtobuymorestuffincreases.Butit'sworth