中考英语精讲复习形容词 副词的基本用法.docx
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中考英语精讲复习形容词副词的基本用法
2019-2020年中考英语精讲复习:
形容词、副词的基本用法
【要点提示】
形容词
概念:
形容词是用来描写或修饰名词(或代词)、表示人或事物的性质、特征、状态或属性的词。
功能:
形容词可作定语、表语、补足语等。
位置:
形容词一般置于它所修饰的名词之前;但当形容词修饰由some,any,every,no等构成的复合不定代词时须后置;enough作形容词时,放在它所修饰的名词前后均可。
复合形容词的构成及用法:
就初中而言,需掌握的复合形容词的构成形式是“数词+名词单数+形容词”,并且中间加连字符。
复合形容词常在句中作前置定语。
如a5-year-oldboy等。
※特别提示
1.有些形容词主要用作表语,所以又称表语形容词。
这类形容词主要有afraid,alone,asleep,alive,awake,ill等。
2.有些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。
如
friendly,lively,silly,lovely等。
3.由-ing结尾的形容词通常修饰物,由-ed结尾的形容词通常修饰人。
4.“the+形容词”表示一类人或物。
副词
概念:
副词是用以修饰动词、形容词、其它副词以及全句的词,表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。
功能:
1.副词在句中主要作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词和全句。
2.修饰某些不定代词和数词。
如:
Nearlyeverybodycametoourparty
3.一些地点副词和时间副词,如here,there,home,abroad,upstairs,above,below,yesterday,today,tomorrow等可以作后置定语。
如:
Lifeherei
sfullofjoy.
4.一些副词,如in,out,on,back,down,up,off,
away等可以作表语。
如:
Fatherisaway.
5.作宾语补足语。
如:
Askhimin,please.
6.有些表示地点、时间的副词可作介词宾语。
如:
Helivesnotfarfromthere.
位置:
副词在句中的位置比较灵活:
一般情况下,修饰动词可放其前也可放其后;修饰形容词、副词、副词短语、状语从句等时,放在其前;修饰全句放在句首;频度副词always,often等一般放在实义动词之前,情态动词、be动词、助动词之后;程度副词如very,much等一般放在被修饰词之前;表示序列的副词通常位于句首;enough作副词时须放在所修饰词之后。
【专项练习】
Ⅰ.请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
()1.Fewstudentsliketotalktotheirparentsabouttheirproblems.___________,they’dliketotalktotheirfriends.
A.AgainB.Successfully
C.InsteadD.Quietly
()2.Ithinknoodlesarevery___________,soIoftenhavethemfor
lunch.
A.deliciousB.healthyC.sweetD.fresh
()3.—Whatdoyouthinkoftherobotexhibition?
—It’svery_________.Therobotscandothehousework.
A.surprisingB.surprisedC.boringD.bored
()4.—Ifeelreally___________beforetheplanetrip.
—Takeiteasy.
A.seriousB.patientC.proudD.nervous
()5.—Howwasyourholiday?
—Itwas__________.Theweatherwassobad.
A.funnyB.terribleC.goodD.great
()6.Youalwayshavethesamefoodforbreakfast.
Don’tyouwantsomething_
______________?
A.cleanB.cheapC.differentD.difficult
()7.Althoughitrained____________,JayChou’sfansst
illwaitedforhimoutsidethehotel.
A.hardlyB.heavilyC.stronglyD.quickly
()8.Lisawasvery___________whenthedoctortoldherthatshewasinbetterhealth.
A.sadB.worriedC.happyD.interested
()9.Ifyouwantto
knowtheword__________,you’dbetterlookitupinthedictionary.
A.exactB.exactlyC.carefulD.carefully
()10.Theteacherwas__________andhelefttheclassroomwithoutsayingaword.
A.angry,angryB.angrily,angrily
C.angry,angrilyD.angrily,angry
()11.—Physicsis____________toodifficultforme.Ican’tlearnitwell.
—Don’tgiveup.Nothingisdifficultifyouworkhard.
A.sometimesB.ne
verC.alwaysD.hardlyever
()12.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellmethewaytothenearestsupermarket?
—Gostraightandturnrightatthefirstcrossing.
Youcanfindit_____________.
A.slowlyB.friendlyC.easilyD.lovely
()13.—Doyouhaveanyhobbies?
—Yes.Ihavemanyhobbies.I_____________likecollectingshells.
A.speciallyB.especiallyC.luckilyD.fortunately
()14.Yourbedroomissodirty.Youshouldkeepit________.
A.dryB.wetC.cleanD.quiet
()15.ThoughLucyhasworked___________atChineseforseveralyears,shecan____________speakit.
A.hard,hardB.hard,hardlyC.hardly,hardlyD.hardly,hard
()16.___________,thechildonthebikewasnot__________hurt.
A.Lucky,badB.Luckily,badC.Lucky,badlyD.Luckily,badly
()17.Trythecoaton._________you’lllikeit.
A.PossibleB.ProbableC.AlsoD.Perhaps
()18.Ishallgotobednow.I’mso___________.
A.asleepB.sleepyC.clearD.awake
()19.Thisisan_________bookandIam__________init.
A.interesting,interesting
B.interested,interesting
C.interesting,interested
D.interested,interested
()20.—Jenny,couldyoupleasehelpmetakecareofmypetwhenIamaway?
—Noproblem!
Icanlookafterit_____________.
A.goodenoughB.badenough
C.wellenoughD.hardenough
Ⅱ.请根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.Iamnotgoodatdancing,butIcansing__________(well).
2.I’m__________(real)sorryaboutit.
3.Theplanelanded____________(safe)atlast.
4.MrZhaowentbacktogethisnotebookas___________(quick)ashecould.
5.Hisdeathmadeus_____________(sad).
6.Whata_____________(sun)dayitis!
7.Thehousenexttothestreetisvery________
____(noise).
8.W
eshouldspeak
tooldpeople______________(polite).
9.Ineedtowearglasses.Ican’tseethewordsontheblackboard______________(clear).
10.Maryis___________(terrible)illandmustbesenttohospitalatonce.
11.___________(fortunate),Icaughtthelastbus.
12.Ithinkit’s__________(easy)tomakedumplings.
13.LiMingwasso__________(hunger)thatheateallthebreadonthetable.
14.Iliketowatch___________(education)films.
15.AsChinaisa____________(develop)country,wemustworkhardtomakeourcountryricherandstronger.
16.TheChinesepeoplearevery____________(friend).
17.Thenewsisvery__________(excite),andIfeel__________(excite).
18.Thesupermarketis___________(open)from8a.m.to8p.m.
19.Don’tplayinthestreet.It’s____________(danger).
20.Theboatsare______________(special)builtforchildren.
Ⅲ.请根据句意及首字母提示补全所缺形容词或副词。
1.It’siforustoeatbreakfast.
2.Wecan’tgoouttoplaynow.It’sr.
3.Thebookisveryu.
Itwillhelpyoualot.
4.ThecityofPingyaoisfforitsbeef.
5.Youlookw.What’sthematter?
6.HehasnbeentoAustralia.
7.Ididn’texpecttobetreateddfromanyoneelse.
8.GuangzhouisinthespartofChina.
9.Theoldmancan’thearyou.Heisd.
10.Myfcolourispink.
11.Iliketogoshoppinga,butmysisterlikesgoingshoppingwithmanyfriends.
12.Pleaseruns.Ican’tcatchupwithyou.
13.Atnight,tokeepa,theysatonthefloorandtoldeachotherstories.
14.Mymothermustbeworkingnowbecausethelightinherroomiso.
15.Bobwassleepingupstairs.Atthattimethedoorbellrangandhehadtogodtoanswerthedoor.
16.Thankyouforyouradvice;ithasbeenveryh.
17.Youcancarrythisbagyourself—It’squitel.
18.Heisveryquietathomebutveryainclass.
19.Iamf.Idon’twantanythingtoeat.
20.Hehasbeenafromhomeforfour
days.Hisparentshavebeenlookingforhim.
Ⅳ.请根据汉语句子意思,完成英语句子,每空一词。
1.这儿的天气很暖和。
Theweather_____________isverywarm.
2.我有些趣事要告诉你。
Ihave___________________________totellyou.
3.你应该认真做作业。
Youshoulddoyourhomework______________.
4.宋祖英的声音听起来很甜美。
SongZuying’svoice_______________very_____________.
5.那个幸运的女孩很健康。
The__
_____________girlisvery_______________-.
6.孩子们正在外边玩雪。
Thechildrenare___________playingwithsnow.
7.那次轻松的旅行让我感到很放松。
The_____________tripmademefeel_______________.
8.我们应该尽力帮助残疾人。
Weshoul
dtryourbesttohelp_______________________.
9.这个年轻人通常骑自行车上班。
Theyoungman____________________________________
bybike.
10.他个子够高的,可以打篮球。
Heis_________________________toplaybasketball.
参考答案
形容词、副词的基本用法专项练习
Ⅰ.
1-5CAADB6-10CBCBC11-15CCBCB16-20DDBCC
Ⅱ.1.well2.really3.safely4.quickly/quick5.sad6.sunny
7.noisy8.politely9.clearly10.terribly11.Fortunately
12.easy13.hungry14.educational15.developing
16.friendly17.exciting,excited18.open19.dangerous
20.specially
Ⅲ.1.import
ant2.rainy3.useful4.famous5.worried6.never
7.differently8.southern9.deaf10.favourite11.alone
12.slowly/slow13.awake14.on15.down/downstairs
16.helpful17.light18.active19.full20.away
Ⅳ.1.here2.somethinginteresting3.carefully4.sounds,sweet
5.lucky,healthy6.out/outside7.relaxing,relaxed
8.thedisabled9.usuallygoestowork10.tallenough