上海市交通大学附属中学学年高二下学期三月月考英语试题学生版.docx

上海市交通大学附属中学学年高二下学期三月月考英语试题学生版.docx

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上海市交通大学附属中学学年高二下学期三月月考英语试题学生版

上海交通大学附属中学2020-2021学年度第二学期

高二英语三月考试卷

第I卷

I.Vocabulary（10’）

Directions:

Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.commitB.confusedC.fuelD.interactingE.genuineF.leap

G.poisonH.setbacksI.streamJ.upgradingK.unplug

Withsomanyinvestmentsrequiredofustosucceed–time,resources,talents,responsibilities,evenfinancesforourretirement–it’seasytolosesightofthemostdifficultinvestmentofallto____1____to:

ourselves.

Gettingtothepointwhereyou’rereadytostart___2___toyou2.0isn’teasy.Butitdoesn’tmeandroppingtheballeverywhereelse.It'snotaboutomissions,butadmissions.Comecleanwithyourselftokick-startyourpersonalgrowth.

Unstuckstartswith“u”

Noonepurposelychoosestostoplearningandgrowingagain,itjustkindofhappensinalotofdailyresponsibilitiesandlife.Andifitwereeasytojustkickitintogear（挡位）again,youwouldhavealreadydoneit.Butthetruthisinescapable.Ifyouwanttogetoffthatplacetohigherground,it’suptoyouandonlyyou.Noonewilljusthandyouasteady___3___ofopportunitiesforgrowth.

You’vebeenworkinginyourlife,notonit

Activityisoften___4___withacceleration（忙碌）.Iwasguiltyofthisforyearsinworkingplace–stayingalwaysbusybutnotadmittingIwasbored.IwaslostinactivityandnotsteppingbacktotaketimetoquestionwhatIwantedmylifetobe.OnceIbeganworkingonmylife–quittingcorporate,becominganentrepreneur,restructuringtomylife–Istartedgrowingonceagain.AndI’veneverbeenhappier.

Thingsaren’thappeningtoyou,they’rehappeningforyou

Avictimmentality（心态）istheenemyofpersonalgrowth.Lamentingovereverythingthathasgonewronginyourlifeonlywastesenergyfromworkingtomakemorethingsgoright.Ifyouwanttokick-startgrowth

youmustview___5___ashavingapurpose,andthenputthemintheirplace.Thepastshouldn’trunordefineyou–only___6___you.

Theperfecttimetostartdoesn’texist

IhadsomanythingsthathadtobejustrightbeforeIcouldmakemylong-planned___7___fromcorporate.I’dtellmyself,“I’dlovetogoforitrightnow,butpracticallyspeaking.”Well,guesswhat?

Practicalityis___8___.It’stheconvenientexcusestoppingyoufromwhatyou’remeanttobecome.

It’stimeto___9___others’opinions

Growwhereyouwanttogrow.Learnwhatyouwanttolearn.Whereveryouareonthescaleofwhatyouwanttolearnnext–beitbeginnerornear-expertownit,beproudofit.Pretencesareforpretenders.You’rejusttryingtobecomeabetterversionofyour____10____self.

II.ReadingComprehension（30’+18’+6’）

SectionA

Directions:

ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

（A）

Inthe1960s,AfricanAmericanmothersnoticedsomethingwrongintheirchildren’sseeminglyinnocentclassphotos.Everyyear,youngsterstidiedupintheirSundaybestfortheirschoolpicture,yetthesetreasuredimagesdidn’t___11___BlackandWhitechildrenequally.Whitechildrenwererendered（使成为）astheylookineverydaylife,whileAfricanAmericanchildrenlost___12___oftheirfacesandturnedintoinkblots（墨渍）.Thefilmcouldnotsimultaneouslycapturebothdarkandlightskin.Fordecades,thisflawofthefilmremainedoutof___13___,whenBlackboysandgirlsandwhiteboysandgirlswerephotographedseparately.Butwiththeintegrationofschools,Blackmothers___14___thatcolorfilmlefttheirBlackchildrenintheshadows.

In2015,twoLondon-basedphotographers,AdamBroombergandOliverChanarin,wantedtofindoutwhythefilmcouldnotcapturethe___15___ofchildrenofallracesinaschoolphotograph.Whenthesephotographerstestedthefilm,theyfoundthefilmwasoptimizedfor___16___skin.Itwasthisfilm’shiddenhistorythatwasthe___17___facesinaclassphotocameoutsodifferently.

Allthatchanged,___18___,whenlargecorporationsmadeafussaboutKodak’sfilm,whichtheyboughtinbulkforadvertising.Ateamoftwounlikelybusinesses–furnituremakersandchocolatemanufacturers–___19___againstKodak’sfilmsfordiscriminatingagainstdarkhues.

Kodakemployeesworkedhardtofixthefilm,makingnewfilmformulationsandtestingthembytakingphotos.WhilethecomplaintsfromBlackmotherscouldnotchangeKodak,thosefromthesecompaniescould.Bythelate1970s,new-andmore___20___-formulationsofcolorfilmwereintheworks,andthenewandimprovedKodakGoldfilmwasonthemarketbythefollowingdecade.

Technologies,suchasphotographicfilms,sometimescapturethebeliefsandvaluesofthetimes.Thisbiasbuiltintotechnologyhas___21___today.Today,somewebcameras,followinginstructionsfromalgorithms（算法）,areunabletorecognizeadarkface,butdoso___22___forawhiteone.

Whatthemakersoffilmandcamerasandothertechnologieshaveexperiencedisatacit（心照不宣的）subscriptiontoabeliefofastandard.___23___,theyhavegottenontheescalatorof“thisishowwedothings”withoutaskingwhy.Scholarswoulddescribethistypeofbiasasonethatimplicitly（完全地）and___24___acceptsnorms.Butitisn’tthe___25___fault;theyareonlydoingwhatthelinesofcodewrittenbyhumanstellthemtodo.Thesedevicescapturethebiasesthatexistinourworldand,inturn,speaktowhomaculturevalues.

11.A.treatB.captureC.reflectD.divide

12.A.charactersB.expressionsC.featuresD.colors

13.A.fashionB.printC.rangeD.sight

14.A.recommendedB.witnessedC.maintainedD.urged

15.A.likenessB.franknessC.carelessnessD.darkness

16.A.darkB.yellowC.whiteD.black

17.A.coincidenceB.reasonC.consequenceD.result

18.A.thereforeB.howeverC.furthermoreD.meanwhile

19.A.guardedB.insuredC.wentD.protested

20.A.inclusiveB.persuasiveC.decisiveD.offensive

21.A.echoesB.conclusionsC.objectionsD.intentions

22.A.quicklyB.equallyC.easilyD.similarly

23.A.AsaresultB.InotherwordsC.ForexampleD.Onthecontrary

24.A.inconsistentlyB.unexpectedlyC.inevitablyD.uncritically

25.A.cameras’B.technologies’C.films’D.humans’

（B）

DavidDunning,apsychologistatCornellUniversity,andJustinKruger,hisgraduatestudent,reasonthatwhilealmosteveryoneholdsfavourableviewsoftheirabilitiesinvarioussocialandintellectualdomains,somepeoplemistakenlyassesstheirabilitiesasbeingmuchhigherthantheyactuallyare.This“illusionof___26___”isnowcalledthe“Dunning-Krugereffect”,whichdescribesthecognitiveprejudicetoincreaseself-assessment.

To___27___thisphenomenoninthelab,DunningandKrugerdesignedsomecleverexperiments.Inonestudy,theyaskedundergraduatestudentsaseriesofquestionsaboutgrammar,logicandjokes,andthenaskedeachstudenttoestimatehisorherscoreoverall,aswellastheirrelative___28___comparedtotheotherstudents.Interestingly,studentswhoscoredthelowestinthesecognitivetasksalways___29___howwelltheydid–byalot.Studentswhoscoredinthe___30___one-fourthestimatedthattheyhadperformedbetterthantwo-thirdsoftheotherstudents!

This“illusionofconfidence”___31___beyondtheclassroomandspreadsthrougheverydaylife.Inafollow-upstudy,DunningandKrugerleftthelabandwenttoagunrange,wheretheyquizzedgunhobbyistsaboutgunsafety.___32___totheirpreviousfindings,thosewhoansweredthefewestquestionscorrectlywildlyoverestimatedtheirknowledgeaboutfirearms.Outsideoffactualknowledge,___33___,theDunning-Krugereffectcanalsobeobservedinpeople’sself-assessmentofotherpersonalabilities.Ifyouwatchanytalentshowontelevisiontoday,youwillseethe___34___onthefacesofcontestantswhodon’tmakeitpastauditions（海选）andare___35___bythejudges.Whileitisalmost___36___tous,thesepeoplearegenuinelyunawareofhowmuchtheyhavebeen___37___bytheirillusorysuperiority.

Sure,it’stypicalforpeopletooverestimatetheirabilities.Onestudyfoundthat80percentofdriversratethemselvesasaboveaverage.Andsimilar___38___havebeenfoundwhenpeopleratetheirrelativepopularityandcognitiveabilities.Theproblemisthatwhenpeopleareincompetent,notonlydotheyreachwrongconclusionsandmakeunfortunatechoicesbut,also,theyare___39___oftheabilitytorealizetheirmistakes.Insteadofbeingconfused,perplexedorthoughtfulabouttheirerroneousways,incompetentpeopleinsistthattheirwaysare___40___.AsCharlesDarwinwroteinTheDescentofMan（1871）:

“Ignorancemorefrequentlybegets（产生）confidencethandoesknowledge.”

26.A.confidenceB.happinessC.freedomD.reality

27.A.convinceB.classifyC.investigateD.summarize

28.A.reachB.rangeC.rateD.rank

29.A.definedB.overestimatedC.overlookedD.doubted

30.A.topB.bottomC.formerD.latter

31.A.overtakesB.renewsC.extendsD.evolves

32.A.SimilarB.ContraryC.ParallelD.Opposite

33.A.thoughB.thereforeC.meanwhileD.largely

34.A.calmB.guiltC.shockD.panic

35.A.selectedB.favoredC.restrictedD.rejected

36.A.agreeableB.comicalC.restlessD.magical

37.A.misledB.taughtC.temptedD.oriented

38.A.trendsB.tricksC.strategiesD.fashions

39.A.warnedB.remindedC.robbedD.assured

40.A.wrongB.correctC.illusoryD.popular

SectionB

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethat