新编大学英语第二册Unit5DreamsWord格式.docx
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Istheresuchathingasadream,inthedreamtheeventswhichareseenbythedreamerhappenjustasonedreamed?
2.Scientificadvancesinthepastfewdecadeshaverevealedmoreaboutthephysicalprocessofsleep,buttheystilldon’tofferanyfinalanswerstothemanyquestionsaboutdreamsthatcontinuetopuzzleus.
3.Everyonedreams—it’sjustthatsomeofuscan’trememberdoingso.
4.Dreamingofwalkingonhotcoals,forexample,maywellbecausedbysleepingwithyourfeettooclosetoaheater.
ClassActivity
I.RelatedInformation:
Howmuchdoweknowaboutdream?
Wemayknowwhendreamsoccur,weknowtheycanbeeither“gooddreams”or“baddreams”,butthereisstillmuchdisagreementaboutwhatsignificancedreamhavetoourlifewhileweareawake.
Theinterpretationofdreamshadbeenafavoriteactivityofpeopleforaslongaswehavehadrecordedhistory.Someofthesedreaminterpreters,liketheEuropeanpsychologistSigmundFreud,feltthatalldreamshavemeaningswhichrelatetoourpersonalrelationshipswithfamilymembersandfriends.Freudfeltthatmanydreamshavesexualmeanings,butotherdreamexpertsrejectthisidea.
Gooddreamsincludethoseinwhichweseeourselvessucceedinginsomedifficultorpleasantactivitysuchassinging,dancing,talkingwithourfriends,orexperiencingthehappinesswhichmaynotoccurinourwakinghours.Manypersonsreportdreamsofcompetinginathleticcompetitionsormusiccompetitions,orofactinginadramaticproduction.Whoamongushasnotdreamedofspendingpleasanthourswithourrealorimaginarylove,enjoyinghisorhercompanyinwaysknownonlytothosewhohaveloved?
Manypersonsreportdreamingofflying,jumpinggreatdistancesorheights,ordefeatingenemiesinbattle.Interpretersofsuchdreamsgivevariedmeanings,mostofwhichareprobablynotveryreliable.But,weoftenawakefromgooddreamsinagoodmood,restedandreadytofacetheday.
Badorunpleasantdreamsincludethosewhichfrightenus,recallunpleasantexperiencesfromourlives,orpresentproblemsforwhichthereisnoevidentsolution.Dreamsoffailinganexamatschool,dreamsoflosingajoboragoodfriend,dreamsofaccidentsordeathofalovedoneinourfamily,etcareunsettlingandnoteasilyunderstood.Somedreamexpertsbelievethesedreamsarenowathreateningwaytofaceaproblemfromreallife.Theygiveusawaytodealwiththeproblemsothatwemayfinditlessstressfulinourwakinghours.
Inasense,progresswouldnotoccurinlifeifitwerenotforthedreamsofthosewhoareresponsibleforsolvingproblemsinoursociety.Inventors,musicians,andmanyotherssaythattheyfirstdreamedofanidea,andthenstartedplanswhichfulfilledtheirdreamsandmadethemareality.
Whatevertheirsignificance,dreamsareimportanteventstothedreamer,andinterestinthemwillcontinueaslongaslifecontinues.
InformationAboutSigmundFreudandCarlJung:
1)SigmundFreud(1856—1930):
AnAustriandoctorwhodevelopedanewsystemforunderstandingthewaythatpeople’smindswork,andanewwayoftreatingmentalillnesscalledthepsychoanalysis.Hebelievedthatthebadexperiencesthatpeoplehaveaschildrencanaffecttheirmentalhealthasadults,andthatbytalkingtomentallyillpeopleabouttheirpastlifeandfeelings,thehiddencausesoftheirillnesscanbefound.HewroteTheInterpretationofDreamsandTheEgoandtheId.Hisideas,especiallyabouttheimportanceofsex,hadaverygreatinfluenceonthewaythatpeoplethoughtinthe20thcentury.
2)CarlJung(1874—1961):
ASwisspsychiatristwhostudiedtheimportanceofdreamsandreligioninproblemsofthemind,anddividedpeopleintotwogroups,introvertsandextroverts.Jungdevelopedtheideaofthecollectiveunconscious,thebeliefthatpeople’sfeelingsandreactionsareoftenbasedondeepmemoriesofhumanexperienceinthepast.HeworkedwithSigmundFreuduntiltheyhadaseriousdisagreement.
I.SuggestedClassActivities:
1.Warming-upactivity:
yourunderstandingaboutdream
Step1Dividetheclassintoseveralgroups.Letthestudentstalkabouttheadvantagesdreamandgivesomeexamplesforexplanation.
Step2Letthestudentstalkaboutthedisadvantagesofdream,andgivesomeexamplesforexplanation.
Step3Theteachersummarizesandgiveacomprehensiveknowledgeofthedreamfromvariousperspectives,especiallytheperspectiveofpsychology.
2.In-classreadingactivity:
theinterpretationofdream
Purpose:
Makethestudentsknowmoreaboutdream.
Step1Sometimeswehavegooddreams.Askthestudentstheirinterpretationsofgooddreams.
Step2Sometimeswehavebadorunpleasantdreams.Askthestudentstheirinterpretationsofbaddreams.
Step3Askthestudentstheirunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweendreamandreality
II.Furtherdevelopment:
Doesdreampredict?
Step1Doyoubelievethatsomedreamspredictsomething?
Haveyouevergonetodosthoravoideddoingsthjustbecauseofadream?
Step2Theteachercantelltheclassastorywhichissimilartothestoriesintheafter-classreadingpassages.
In-ClassReading
Wordsandphrases
1.analysis:
studyofsthbyexaminingitspartsandtheirrelationshipspl,analyses
e.g.TextualanalysisidentifiedtheauthorasShakespeare.
Idm:
inthelast/finalanalysis:
afteralldueconsideration总之,归根结底
e.g.Inthefinalanalysis,Ithinkoursympathylieswiththeheroineoftheplay.
n,analyst:
thepersonskilledinmakinganalyses
v,analyze(usanalyse):
1)separatesthintoitspartsinordertostudyitsnatureorstructure
e.gByanalyzingthepartsofthesentencewelearnmoreaboutEnglishgrammar.
2)examineandexplain
e.g.Wemusttrytoanalyzethecausesofthestrike.
Exercises:
1>
.总之,我们主张会议延迟。
(Inthefinalanalysis,wemaintainedthatthemeetingbepostponed.)
2>
.It’simportanttoanalyzethesampleandidentifyit.
(对样本进行分析鉴定很重要.)
2.ancient:
1)belongingtotimeslongpast
e.gancientChinesecivilization
2)(常作戏谑语)veryold
e.gIfeelprettyancientwhenIseehowtheyoungergenerationbehaves.
Compared:
old,1)Ithasthewidestuseandcanbeappliedtopeople,animalsandthingsthathavelivedorexistedforalongtime.
e.g.anoldwoman/dog/church
2)Itmaydescribeapersonwhohasbeenknownforalongtimebutisnotnecessarilyoldinyears.
e.g.anoldfriend
3)formerorprevious
e.gIwasmuchhappierinmyoldjob.
4)notnew
anoldbicycle
aged,Itismoreformalthanoldandisusedofveryoldpeople
elderly,Ifonewantstobepoliteandrespectful,onecandescribeoldpeopleaselderly.
ancientandantiqueareusuallyonlyappliedtothings.
Antiquedescribesanobjectwhichhassurvivedfromthepastandisthereforevaluabletoday.
e.gantiquefurniture
.Goldwasusedascurrencyin____China.(C)
A.oldB.antiqueC.ancientD.aged
.在路的尽头有一家古玩店。
(Attheendofthestreetisanantiqueshop.)
3.frustrating:
adj,annoying,discouraging
e.g.IfinditfrustratingthatIcan’tspeakotherlanguages.
frustrated:
adj,1)表语discouraged
e.g.Asanurseshegotveryfrustrated,butbeinganadministratorseemstosuither.
2)定语unabletobesuccessfulinone’schosencareer
e.g.Filmdirectorsaresometimesfrustratedactors.
frustrate:
v,1)preventfromdoing
e.gHisplanwasfrustratedbybadweather.
2)upsetordiscourage
e.g.Hiswordsfrustratedherdeeply.
.玛丽因工作得不到赏识而灰心丧气。
(Marywasfrustratedbythelackofappreciationinherwork.)
.Itisfrustratedthatwehavenoaccesstothesociety.(改错)
4.impulse:
1)suddenurgetoactwithoutthinkingabouttheresults
e.g.Hefeltanirresistibleimpulsetojumpdown.
2)push,stimulus
e.g.Thedevelopmentofeconomygivesanimpulsetoindustrialexpansion.
Idm,onimpulse:
suddenlyandwithoutpreviousthinking一时冲动
e.g.Onimpulse,IpickedupthephoneandrangmysisterinAustraliar.
impulsive:
adj,凭冲动的;
易冲动的
e.g.It’sanimpulsivecomment.
Exercises;
.他是个易冲动的人,请多包容。
(Sinceheisamanofimpulse,pleasebetolerantofhim.)
.Idrovetotheseasideandcaughtthewindonimpulse.
(我一时心血来潮,开车到海边兜风。
)
5.instantly:
adv,1)immediately
e.g.Iinstantlyrecognizedmyoldfriendinthecrowd.
2)assoonas
e.gTellmeinstantlyhearrives.
Instant:
adj,立即的,紧急的
e.ginstantcoffee;
ininstantneedofhelp
1)IrecognizedhertheinstantIsawher.(同义转换)
2)说完这些话,他立刻就走了。
(Withthesewords,heleftinstantly.)
6.predict:
v,forecast;
sayinadvancethatsthwillhappen
e.gItisimpossibletopredictwhowillwin.
predictable:
adj,thatcanbepredicted
e.gpredictableweather
prediction:
n,predicting,forecast
e.g.Doyoutakeseriouslyhispredictionofthegovernmentdefeat?
.他预测情况将继续好转。
(Hepredictedthattheimprovementwouldcontinue.)
.Iknewyou’dsaythat—you’resopredictable!
(我早就知道你会这么说——果不其然。
7.recur:
v,happen/occuragain(recurred,recurring)
e.g.Thesymptomstendtorecur.
Phr,recurtosb/sth:
(fml)comebackintoth