第四讲 情态动词.docx
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第四讲情态动词
第四讲情态动词
一、情态动词基本用法：
情态动词
用法
否定式
疑问式与简答
can
能力
（体力，智力，技能）
允许或许可
（口语中常用）
可能性
（表猜测，用于否定句或疑问句中）
cannot/
cannot/
can’tdo
Can…do…?
Yes,…can.
No,…can’t.
could
couldn’tdo
may
可以
（问句中表示请求）
可能，或许
（表推测）
祝愿
（用于倒装句中）
maynotdo
May…do…?
Yes,…may.
No,…mustn’t/can’t.
might
mightnotdo
Might…do…?
Yes,…might
No,…mightnot.
must
必须，应该
（表主观要求）
肯定，想必
（肯定句中表推测）
mustnot/
mustn’tdo
Must…do…?
Yes,…must.
No,…needn’t/don’thaveto.
haveto
只好，不得不
（客观的必须，有时态人称变化）
don’thavetodo
Do…havetodo…?
Yes,…do.
No,…don’t.
oughtto
应当
（表示义务责任，口语中多用should
oughtnotto/
oughtn’ttodo
Ought…todo…?
Yes,…ought.
No,…oughtn’t.
shall
将要，会用于一三人称征求对方意见
用于二三人称表示许诺、命令、警告、威胁等
shallnot/
shan’tdo
Shall…do…?
Yes,…shall.
No,…shan’t.
should
应当，应该
（表义务责任）
本该
（含有责备意味）
shouldnot/
shouldn’tdo
Should…do…?
will
意愿，决心
请求，建议，用在问句中would比较委婉
willnot/
won’tdo
Will…do…?
Yes,…will.
No,…won’t.
would
wouldnot/
wouldn’tdo
dare
敢
（常用于否定句和疑问句中）
darenot/
daren’tdo
Dare…do…?
Yes,…dare.
No,…daren’t.
need
需要
必须（常用于否定句和疑问句中）
neednot/
needn’tdo
Need…do…?
Yes,…must.
No,…needn’t.
usedto
过去常常
（现在已不再）
usednot/
usedn’t/
usen’ttodo
didn’tusetodo
Used…todo…?
Yes,…used.
No,…use（d）n’t.
Did…usetodo…?
Yes,…did.
No,…didn’t.
二、情态动词must,may,might,could,can表示推测：
以must为例。
must+do（be）是推测现在存在的一般状态进行；must+bedoing推测可能正在进行的事情；must+havedone是推测可能已经发生过的事情。
1.must“肯定，一定”语气强，只用于肯定句中。
HemustbeamanfromAmerica./Hemustbetalkingwithhisfriend./Hemusthavealreadyarrivedthere.
2.may和might“也许”，后者语气弱，更没有把握。
可用于肯定句和否定句。
Hemaynotbeathome./Theymighthavefinishedtheirtask.
3.can和could“可能”，could表示可疑的可能性，不及can’t语气强，用于肯定、否定、疑问句中。
Theweatherinthatcitycouldbecoldnow.
Wecouldhavewalkedthere;itwassonear.（推测某事本来可能发生，但实际上没有发生）
Canhebeintheofficenow?
No,hecan’tbethere,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.（语气很强，常用于疑问句和否定句中）
三、情态动词注意点：
1.can和beableto:
都可以表示能力。
但beableto可以表达“某事终于成功”，而can无法表达此意。
Beableto有更多的时态。
另外，两者不能重叠使用。
2.usedto和would:
usedto表示过去常常做现在已经不再有的习惯，而would只表示过去的习惯或喜好，不涉及现在。
3.need和dare作情态动词和实义动词的区别：
两者作情态动词时常用于否定句和疑问句。
其形式为：
needn’t/daren’tdo；Need/dare…do…?
做实义动词时可用于肯定句，否定句和疑问句。
其形式为：
need（needs/needed）/dare（dares/dared）todo
don’t（doesn’t/didn’t）need/daretodo
以练促记：
A组
1.（2012北京,27）—Mum,mustIwashthedishesrightnow?
—No,you________.
A.shouldn'tB.wouldn'tC.mustn'tD.needn't
2.（2012上海,39）Withthehelpofthenewtechnology,you________e-mailyourfriendsbymobilephone.
A.canB.mustC.needD.should
3.（2012重庆,32）—Mom,mustIcleanmyroomnow?
—No,you________.Youcandoittomorrow.
A.can'tB.needn'tC.mustn'tD.shouldn't
4.（2012安徽,42）There'senoughtimeforyoutogototheairport.You________hurrynow.
A.shouldB.needn'tC.mustD.can't
5.（2012广东,34）—________Iswimhere?
—I'msorry.Children________swimalonehere.
A.Must;can'tB.May;mustC.Can;mustn'tD.Can't;can
6.（2012iI宁沈阳,9）You________jumpontoabuswhileitisstillmoving.Itistoodangerous.
A.canB.mustC.can'tD.mustn't
7.（2012福州,41）—Mum,mustIstaytherethewholeday?
—No,you_.You________comebackafterlunch,ifyoulike.
A.mustn't;canB.needn't;mustC.needn't;may
8.（2012江苏南京,5）—Haveyoudecidedwhichseniorhighschooltochoose?
—Notyet.I________gotoMoonlightSchool.
A.mustB.mayC.needD.should
9.（2012四川成都,35）—Excuseme,whoseJapanesebookisthis?
—It________beTom's.Inourclass,onlyheisstudyingJapanese.
A.mustB.can'tC.would
10.（2012湖南,35）—________Idothelaundryfirst?
—No,you________.Youcandoyourhomeworkfirst.
A.Must;mustn'tB.Can;mustn’t
C.Must;needn'tD.May;needn’t
11.（2012湖北武汉,35）—You________behappywiththestrongpublicsupportyou'vereceived.
—Yes,you'reright.I'mreallyexcited.
A.mayB.canC.mustD.need
12.（2012江西,30）LastyearI________drive.Iusedtotakethebus.
A.couldB.couldn'tC.shouldD.shouldn't
13.（2012北京,26）Manystudentscomefrompoorfamiliesandthey________affordschoollunches,sothegovernmentistryingtohelpthem.
A.needn'tB.shouldn'tC.can'tD.mustn't
14.（2012内蒙古呼和浩特,10）—________Itryonthoseshoesinthewindow?
—Theyarejustonshow.
A.Could;Yes,youcanB.Can;Sorry,youcouldn't
C.Could;Sorry,youcan'tD.Can;Yes,youcould
B组
1.（2011北京,26）—Canyourideahorse?
—No,I________.
A.needn'tB.maynotC.can'tD.mustn't
2.（2011安徽,33）—MayIgooutnow,Dad?
—No.You________letyourmotherknowfirst.
A.canB.mayC.needD.must
3.（2011黑龙江哈尔滨,28）InordertospeakEnglishbetter,we________beafraidoflosingface.Becausethemostimportantthingistopractice.Remember,practic:
emakesperfect.
A.shouldB.shouldn'tC.haveto
4.（2011江苏南京,8）—FiftydollarsforsuchaT-shirt!
You________bejoking!
—I'mserious.It'smadeofsilk.
A.mustB.needC.mayD.can
5.（2011浙江杭州,22）—WillthenewiPhonecostalot?
—I________thinkso.Apple'sproductsareusuallyexpensive
A.shouldn'tB.needn'tC.wouldD.must
6.（2011厂西南宁,35）—Lookatthesign!
—Oh,Isee.We________wastewater.
A.canB.mustC.mustn’tD.needn’t
7.—________youturndownyourradio,please?
—Yes,Ican.
A.MayB.NeedC.MustD.Can
8.—CanIwearanyclothesIliketoschool?
—No,youcan't.You________wearauniform.
A.mightB.mustC.willD,would
9.（2010上海,35）Everyone________gothroughthesecuritycheck（安检）whenenteringtheWorldExpoPark.
A.canB.mayC.mustD.ought
10.（2010江苏南京,6）lt'sthelibrary!
Soyou________knowshoutingisnotallowedhere.
A.canB.mustC.needD.may
11.（2010广东,37）—IsawKevininthesupermarketthismorning.
—No,it________him.HemovedtoCanadalastweek.
A.canbeB.mustbeC.can'tbeD.mustn'tbe
12.（2010浙江杭州,22）I'mfeelingmuchbetternowsoyou________callthedoctor.
A.couldn'tB.wouldn'tC.can'tD.needn't
13.（2009辽宁沈阳,11）You________jumpontoabuswhileitismoving.It'stoodangerous.
A.maynotB.mustn'tC.mayD.must
14.（2009四川成都,36）—WhatwouldyousendtoyoursisterastheChristmasgift?
—Ihaven'tdecidedyet.I________sendherahandbag.
A.shallB.mayC.must
15.（2008辽宁沈阳,3）Thebabyistooyoung.You________giveherbigpiecesoffood.
A.mayB.mustC.maynotD.mustnot
C组
1．（2012河南安阳一模．27）—Willyouanswerthetelephone?
It______beyourmother.
—Sorry.I______.I'mverybusy.
A.can;mustn'tB.will;can'tC.may;can'tD.need;will
2．（2012辽宁大连模拟．29）—______Itakesomephotosinthehall?
—No,you______．
A.Can:
needn'tB.Must;mustn'tC.Could;won'tD.May;mustn't
3．（2012河南信阳淮滨一模，26）—Mum,______Igoouttoplay?
—Yes,youcan.Butyoumustfinishyourhomeworkfirst.
A.mustB.mayC.willD.need
4.（2012上海金山二模，39）—Mum,willyoubuymethenewiPadaftertheHighSchoolEntranceExamination?
—I'mafraidI______,dear.Weareshortofmoneynow.
A.can'tB.mustn'tC.shouldn'tD.needn't
5.（2012河北石家庄二模,36）—Where'sLucy?
—I'mnotsure.She______intheschoollibrary.
A.maybeB.mustbeC.maybeD.willbe
6.（2011广东）—IsthatournewEnglishteacher?
—Well,it______be,butI'mnotquitesure.
A.shouldB.mightC.mustD.can't
7.（2011福建）—Whatareyougoingtoorder?
—Well,IthinkI______trythefriedeggs,butI'mnotsureyet.
A.mustB.mightC.can'tD.shouldn't
8.（2011浙江）Schools______allowstudentsatleastonehouradayforsports.
A.wouldB.mightC.shouldD.could
9.（2011山西）—Ican'tstopsmoking,doctor.
—Foryourhealth,I'mafraidyou______.
A.mayB.needC.havetoD.must
10.（2011河北）—IwanttoknowifI______smokehere.
—No,you______.Couldyouseethesign"NOSMOKING"here?
A.can;needn'tB.must;can'tC.shall;won'tD.can;mustn't
11.（2010北京）—Look!
Themanatthegate______beourhead-master.Heisalwaysstandingthereeverymorning.
—No,it______behim.Heisholdingameetingintheofficenow.
A.must;can'tB.must;mustn'tC.can't;can'tD.can't;mustn't
12.（2010上海）Thishistorybook______beBob'ssister's.Hissisterisonlyababy.
A.mustB.mightC.can't
13.（2010黑龙江l）Theyellowcoat______beLinda's,becauseno-bodylikesyellowexcepther.
A.can'tB.canC.mustn'tD.must
14.（2010LIJ东）—MustIbeinhospitalforaweek,doctor?
—No,you______.Youcangobackhometomorrow.
A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.must
15.（2010广西）—ShallItellJohnaboutit?
—No,you______.Itoldhimjustnow.
A.needn'tB.can'tC.mustn'tD.shouldn't
D组
1.（2012河北唐山路甫一模,38）People______breathewhentheyareunderwater.
A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.shouldn't
2.（2012江苏无锡一模,7）—Shallwemeetatthestationat8
—Infactwe______.Thetrain______until10a.m.
A.mustn't;doesn'tleaveB.mustn't;leaves
C.needn't;won'tleaveD.needn't;willleave
3.（2012北京西城一模,32）—Guesswhat?
Ourteamwontheschoolbasketballmatch.
—Congratulations.You______beveryproud.
A.canB.mustC.wouldD.may
4.（2012郑州二模,28）Accordingtoaresearch,butterflies______seemorecolorsthanhumans.
A.mustB.needC.willD.can
5.（2012河南郑州模拟,29）______youpleasepassmeapieceofpaper?
Ineedtowritedownthetelephonenumber.
A.NeedB.MustC.ShouldD.Could
6.（2011潮南）—NevertouchmycomputerwhileI'maway.
—I______.I'mnotinterestedincomputers.
A.shouldn'tB.mustn'tC.won'tD.don't
7.（2011湖北）—Whocanitbe?
—I'mnotsure.It______beLucy'sfriend,LinMei.
A.mustn'tB.can'tC.mayD.must
8.（2011上海）—Whosebikeisthis?
—It______belongtoAdam.Look!
Hisbagisonit.
A.canB.mayC.willD.must
9.（2011天津）—Let'sgotoTaishanParkbytaxi.
—It'snotfar.We______takeataxi.
A.needn'tB.
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