清华大学国际贸易实务双语教程最新版练习题答案.docx

清华大学国际贸易实务双语教程最新版练习题答案.docx

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清华大学国际贸易实务双语教程最新版练习题答案

Unit1Abriefintroductiontointernationaltrade

Key

I.Answermyquestions

1.Internationaltradeisbusinesswhoseactivitiesinvolvethecrossingofnationalborders.Itincludesnotonlyinternationaltradeandforeignmanufacturingbutalsoencompassesthegrowingservicesindustryinareassuchastransportation,tourism,banking,advertising,construction,retailing,wholesaling,andmasscommunications.Itincludesallbusinesstransactionsthatinvolvetwoormorecountries.Suchbusinessrelationshipmaybeprivateorgovernmental.

2.Salesexpansion,resourceacquisitionanddiversificationofsalesandsupplies.

3.Togainprofit.

4.Toseejoutforeignmarketsandprocurement.

5.Therearefourmajorformswhicharethefollowing:

MerchandiseexportsandImports,ServiceExportsandImports,InvestmentandMultinationalEnterprise.

6.Itistheaccountwhichisasummarystatementoftheflowofallinternationaleconomicandfinancialtransactionsbetweenonenation（eg.theUnitedStates）andtherestoftheworldoversomeperiodoftime,usuallyoneyear.

7.MerchandiseExportingandImporting.

8.Yes.Therearegreatdifferencesbetweenthem.

1）directinvestmenttakesplacewhencontrolfollowstheinvestment.Itusuallymeanshighcommitmentofcapital,personnel,andtechnologyabroad.Itaimsatgainingofforeignresourcesandforeignmarkets.Directinvestmentmayoftengethigherforeignsalesthanexporting.Andsometimesitinvolvestwoormoreparties.

2）Whileportfolioinvestmentsarenotundercontrol.Andtheyareusedprimarilyforfinancialpurposes.Treasuresofcompanies,forexample,routinelymorefundsfromonecountrytoanothertogetahigheryieldonshortterminvestments.

9.MNEistheabbreviationofthemultinationalenterprise.ItssynonymsareNNC（themultinationalcorporation）andTNC（transnationalcorporation）.

10.Examplesaretravel,transport,fee,royalties,dividendsandinterest.

11.Thechoiceofformsisinfluencedbytheobjectivebeingpursuedandtheenvironmentsinwhichthecompanymustoperate.

12.Itislimitedbythenumberofpeopleinterestedinafirm’sproductsandservicesandbycustomers’capacitytomakepurchase.

13.Thisisbecauseatanearlystageofinternationalinvolvementtheseoperationsusuallytaketheleastcommitmentandleastriskofafirm’sresources.

14.Royaltiesmeansthepaymentforuseofassetsfromabroad,suchasfortrademarkspatens,copyrights,orotherexpertiseundercontractknownaslicencingagreements.Royaltiesarealsopaidfranchising.

15.Itisawayofdoingbusinessinwhichoneparty（thefranchiser）theuseofatrademarkthatisanessentialassetforthefranchisers’business.

IIMatcheachoneontheleftwithitscorrectmeaningontheright

1.J2.A3.E4.B5.C6.D7.I8.G9.F10.H

IIITranslatethefollowingtermsandphrasesintoChinese

1购买力11经济复苏；恢复

2潜在销售量12经济衰退

3加价，涨价13间接投资

4国内市场14有形货物

5制成品15有形进出口

6边际利润16收入及支出；岁入及岁出

7市场占有率17超额能力

8贸易歧视18贸易中间人（商）；经纪人

9时机选择19全部包建的工程承包方式

10经销周期20许可证协定

IVCaseStudy

1[Answer]：

Batteriescalled"whiteelephant"exportedfromChinawereverypopularinSoutheastAsia,because"whiteelephant"wasaluckythinginSoutheastAsia,butnoonewasinterestedinitinthemarketofEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Thebossofthecompanywasverystrangethatthequalityofthebatteryorthepriceofreasons,soheaskedhisstafftoinvestigate.Finallyhefoundthatisthebrand"whiteelephant"tobeblame.Thebrand'snametranslatedintoEnglishwas"whiteelephant"whichmeantsomethingwerenousebutcumbersomeinWesterncountries.Itwasreallyabadtranslationfromcultureinformationperspective.Themeaningderivedfromalegend.Accordingtothelegend,therewasakingwhohatedaminister,sohegaveawhiteelephanttotheministerforpunishment.Theministerhastotakecareofthewhiteelephant,hecouldn'tgiveittoothersorkillitbecauseit'sthekinggaveittohim.However,theappetiteofthewhiteelephantwassogreat,andtheministerbecamepoorer.Soitshowedpeopleinwesterncountrieswouldnotbuythebatteryfortheconsumershavenowillingtobuysomethinguselessbutcumbersome.

V.Open

VI.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

1.Tradeisoftenthe‘engine’ofgrowth.Howeveroversimplifiedthismetaphormaybe,itdoesservetounderlinetheimportanceofforeigntradeintheprocessofgrowth.Ahealthyexpansionofexportsmaynotalwaysbesufficientconditionforrapidandsustainedgrowth,butastrongpositiveassociationbetweenthetwoisclearlyundeniable.Tradeexpansioncontributestoeconomicgrowthinmanyways.Amongthemarethebenefitsofspecialization;thefavorableeffectsofinternationalcompetitionondomesticeconomicefficiency;theincreasedcapacitytopayfortheimportsrequiredindevelopmentandmoregenerallythestimulustoinvestment.

2.Internationaltradeistheexchangeofgoodsandservicesproducedinonecountryforgoodsandservicesproducedinanothercountry.Inadditiontovisibletrade,whichinvolvestheimportandexportofgoodsandmerchandise,thereisalsoinvisibletrade,whichinvolvestheexchangeofservicesbetweennations.NationssuchasGreeceandNorwayhavelargemaritimefleetsandprovidetransportationservice.Thisisakindofinvisibletrade.Invisibletradecanbeasimportanttosomenationsastheexportofrawmaterialsorcommoditiesistoothers.Inbothcases,thenationsearnthemoneytobuynecessities.

3.Thereexistdifferentwaysofconductinginternationalbusiness.Exclusivesalemeansthesellergivestheoverseasclienttheexclusiverightofsellingaparticularproductinadesignatedareawithinaspecifiedperiodoftime.Inthiskindofbusinesstransaction,theproductisboughtbytheexclusivesellerandthereforeheshouldselltheproductbyhimself,assumingsoleresponsibilitiesforhisprofitandloss.Exclusivesaleisdifferentfromagencywhereonlycommissionisinvolved.Anddifferenceexistsbetweengeneralcontractandexclusivesalesbecausetheexclusivesellerenjoysexclusiverightinaparticulararea.

4.Thereisnocountryintheworldthatcanproducealltheproductsitneeds.Thuscountriesjoinininternationaldivisionoflaborforeffectiveproductionandreproduction.Sometimesacountrycanbuygoodsandservicesfromabroadonabarterbasis.Bartermeansdoingbusinessbyexchanginggoodsofonesortforgoodsofanothersortwithoutusingmoney.Bartertradeitselfisnotenoughtomeatacountry’simportneeds.Butasaformofinternationaltrade,itisstillattractiveindevelopingcountrieswhereforeignexchangeisinshortsupplyandinflowofforeignfundsisfarfromsufficienttomeettheirobligationsinexternaltrade.

Unit2GeneralProceduresofExportandImportTransaction

I.Answerthefollowingquestions

（Omited）

II.Fillingtheblankswiththesuitablewordsinthetext:

1.meeting/satisfying;2.agent,foreign/overseas;mission;4.own;5.setting;6.patent;7.profits;8.outlets;9.joint,venture;10.subsidiary

III.Judgethefollowingstatement,markTrue（T）orFalse（F）

1F2.T3.F4.F5.F6.F7.T8.F9.F10.T

IV.Explainthemeaningofthewordsorphrasesbelowasrequested

1.Offer:

Anofferisaproposalmadebysellerstobuyersinordertoenterintothecontract.

2.Withdrawal:

Itmeansanofferbytheoffererhasbeenwithdrawnbeforeitisreachedtotheoffereeinordertopreventitsentryintoforce.

3.Enquiry:

Anenquiryisarequestforbusinessinformation,suchaspricelists,catalogue,samples,anddetailsofthegoodsortradeterms.Itcanbemadeeitherbytheimporterortheexporter.

4.Acceptance:

Acceptanceisastatementmadebyotherconductoftheoffereesindicatingunconditionalconsenttoanoffer.

5.Shippingagent:

Shippingagent（船代）isashipowner'srepresentativewhosejobistofindtheshipstocarry.

V.Composealetterofenquirywiththefollowingparticulars:

Keys

Messrs.ArthurGrey&Son,

19Cheapside,

London,E.C.2

DearSirs,

WehaveobtainedyournameandaddressfromChinaCouncilforPromotionofInternationalTradeandlearnedthatyouareoneoftheleadingexportersofIceBoxinyourdistrict.

Wearenowinterestedin100setsofthesaidarticleandshouldbepleasedifyouwouldletusknowwhetheryoucansupplyuswiththequantityandqualitywedesire.PleasequoteusyourbestpriceonCIFGuangzhoubasis.Whenoffering,pleasestateclearlytermsofpayment,timeofdelivery,packingconditionstogetherwithillustratedcatalogueforourconsideration.

Wearelookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.

Yoursfaithfully,

VI.Pleasemakeyourofferaccordingtothefollowingparticulars:

Key

DearSirs,

Thankyouforyourletterof5thMay.Wearegladtolearnoftheinquiriesyouhavehadfromyourcustomersforourraincoats.Our"D.D."rangeisparticularlysuitableforwarmclimates,andduringthepastyearswehavesuppliedthisrangetodealersinseveraltropicalcountries,frommanyofwhomwehavealreadyhadrepeatedorders.Thisrangeispopularnotonlybecauseitislightinweight,butalsobecausethematerialusedhasbeenspeciallytreatedtopreventexcessivecondensationontheinsidesurface.

Forthequantitiesyoumentionwearepleasedtoquoteasfollows:

"D.D."Raincoats

100men'smedium@US$14.50US$1,450

100men'ssmall14.01,400

100women'smedium13.21,320

100women'ssmall12.71,270 

US$5,440

Payment:

byirrevocableL/Catsight

Shipment:

ShipmentwillbeeffectedwithinthreeorfourweeksafterreceivingtheL/C.

Thisofferissubjecttoourfinalconfirmation.Wefeelyoumaybeinterestedinourotherproductsandenclosesomepamphletsfor