四级阅读理解专项训练.docx

四级阅读理解专项训练.docx

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四级阅读理解专项训练

英语四级阅读理解专项训练

Section1

Passage1

　　Themedicalworldisgraduallyrealizingthatthequalityoftheenvironmentinhospitalsmayplayasignificantroleintheprocessofrecoveryfromillness.

　　AspartofanationwideeffortinBritaintobringartoutofthegalleriesandintopublicplaces,someofthecountry'smosttalentedartistshavebeencalledintotransformolderhospitalsandtosoftenthehardedgesofmodernbuildings.Ofthe2,500NationalHealthServicehospitalsinBritain,almost100nowhavesignificantcollectionsofcontemporaryartincorridors,waitingareasandtreatmentrooms.

　　Theserecentinitiativesoweagreatdealtooneartist,PeterSenior,whosetuphisstudioataManchesterhospitalinnortheasternEnglandduringtheearly1970s.Hefelttheartisthadlosthisplaceinmodernsociety,andthatartshouldbeenjoyedbyawideraudience.

　　Atypicalhospitalwaitingroommighthaveasmanyas500visitorseachweek.Whatbetterplacetoholdregularexhibitionsofart?

Seniorheldthefirstexhibitionofhisownpaintingsintheout-patientswaitingareaoftheManchesterRoyalHospitalin1975.BelievedtobeBritain'sfirsthospitalartist,Seniorwassomuchindemandthathewassoonjoinedbyateamofsixyoungartschoolgraduates.

　　Theeffectisstriking.Nowinthecorridorsandwaitingroomsthevisitorexperiencesafullviewoffreshcolors,playfulimagesandrestfulcourtyards.

　　Thequalityoftheenvironmentmayreducetheneedforexpensivedrugswhenapatientisrecoveringfromanillness.Astudyhasshownthatpatientswhohadaviewontoagardenneededhalfthenumberofstrongpainkillerscomparedwithpatientswhohadnoviewatalloronlyabrickwalltolookat.

　　21.Accordingtothepassage,"tosoftenthehardedgesofmodernbuildings"means

　　A.topulldownhospitalbuildings

　　B.todecoratehospitalswithartcollections

　　C.toimprovethequalityoftreatmentinhospitals

　　D.tomakethecornersofhospitalbuildingsround

　　22.WhatcanwesayofPeterSenior?

　　A.Heisapioneerinintroducingartintohospitals.

　　B.Heisadoctorinterestedinpainting.

　　C.Heisanartistwhohasalargecollectionofpaintings.

　　D.Heisafaithfulfollowerofhospitalart.

　　23.AccordingtoPeterSenior,_______.

　　A.artislosingitsaudienceinmodernsociety

　　B.artgalleriesshouldbechangedintohospitals

　　C.patientsshouldbeencouragedtolearnpainting

　　D.artshouldbeencouragedinBritishhospitals

　　24.Aftertheimprovementofthehospitalenvironment,_______.

　　A.patientsnolongerneeddrugsintheirrecovery

　　B.patientsarenolongerwhollydependentonexpensivedrugs

　　C.patientsneedgood-qualitydrugsintheirrecovery

　　D.patientsusefewerpainkillersintheirrecovery

　　25.ThefactthatsixyoungartschoolgraduatesjoinedPetershowsthat_______.

　　A.Peter'senterpriseisdevelopinggreatly

　　B.PeterSeniorenjoysgreatpopularity

　　C.theyaretalentedhospitalartists

　　D.theroleofhospitalenvironmentisbeingrecognized 

Passage2

　　Directions:

Thepassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,D.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

　　Polyester（聚酯）isnowbeingusedforbottles.ICI,thechemicalsandplasticscompany,believesthatitisnowbeginningtobreakthegripofglasson

　　thebottlebusinessandthustakeadvantageofthishugemarket.

　　Alltheplasticsmanufacturershavebeenexperiencinghardtimesastheirtraditionalproductshavebeendoingbadlyworld-wideforthelastfewyears.Between1982and1984thePlasticsDivisionofICIhadlostahundredandtwentymilliondollars,andtheyfeltthatthe.mosthopefulnewmarketwasinpackaging,bottlesandcans.

　　Since1982ithasopenedthreenewfactoriesproducing"Melinar",therawmaterialfromwhichhighqualitypolyesterbottlesaremade.

　　Thepolyesterbottlewasborninthe1970s,whensoftdrinkscompanieslikeCocaColastartedsellingtheirdrinksingianttwo-litercontainers.Becauseofthebuild-upofthepressureofgasintheselargecontainers,glasswasunsuitable.NorwasPVC,theplasticwhichhadbeenusedforbottlessincethe1960s,suitablefordrinkswithgasinthem.Anewplastichadtobemade.

　　Glassisstillcheaperforthesmallerbottles,andwillcontinuetobesounlessoilandplasticbecomemuchcheaper,butplasticdoeswellforthelargersizes.

　　Polyesterbottlesarevirtuallyunbreakable.Themanufacturersclaimtheyarealsolighter,lessnoisywhenbeinghandled,andcanbereused.Shopkeepersandotherbusinesspeopleareunlikelytoobjecttoachangefromglasstopolyester,sincethesebottlesmeanfewbreakages,whicharecostlyandtime-consuming.Thepublic,though,havebeenmoredifficulttopersuade.ICI'scommercialdepartmentisdevelopingdifferentbottleswithinterestingshapes,totryandmakethemvisuallymoreattractivetothepublic.

　　Thenextstepcouldbetodevelopaplasticwhichcouldreplacetinsforfood.Theproblemhereisthehightemperaturesnecessaryforcookingthefoodinthecontainer.

　　26.Plasticsofvariouskindshavebeenusedformakingbottles__________.

　　A.since1982

　　B.sincethe1970sbutonlyforlargebottles

　　C.sincethe1960sbutnotforliquidswithgasinthem

　　D.sincecompanieslikeCocaColafirsttriedthem

　　27.WhyisICI'sPlasticsDivisioninterestedinpolyesterforbottles?

　　A.Theotherthingstheymakearenotsellingwell.

　　B.Glassmanufacturerscannotmakeenoughnewbottles.

　　C.Theyhavefactorieswhichcouldbeadaptedtomakeit.

　　D.Thepriceofoilkeepschanging.

　　28.Whyaren'tallbottlesnowmadeofpolyester?

　　A.Thepriceofoilandplastichasrisen.

　　B.Itisnotsuitableforcontaininggassydrinks.

　　C.Thepublicliketraditionalglassbottles.

　　D.Shop-keepersdislikereusablebottles.

　　29.Manufacturersthinkpolyesterbottlesarebetterthanglassbottlesbecausethey

　　A.arecheaperB.aremoresuitedtosmallsizes

　　C.aremoreexcitingtolookatD.donotbreakeasily

　　30.Plasticcontainersforholdingfoodinthesamewayascans______.

　　A.havebeenusedformanyyears

　　B.areanideathatintereststheplasticscompanies

　　C.arepossible,butonlyforhotfood

　　D.arethefirstthingsbeingmadeinthenewfactories

Section2

Passage1

　　Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual'sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisbornwith.Humanbrainsdifferconsiderably,somebeingmorecapablethanothers.Butnomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhathappenstotheindividual—thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisbroughtup.Ifanindividualishandicapped（不利）environmentally,itislikelythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhewillneverattainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheiscapable.

　　Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual'sintelligencecanbedemonstratedbythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMark.Beingidentical,thetwinshadidenticalbrainsatbirth,andtheirgrowthprocesseswerethesame.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold,theirparentsdied,andtheywereplacedinseparatefoster（抚养）homes.Peterwasraisedbyparentsoflowintelligenceinanisolatedcommunitywithpooreducationalopportunities.Markwasrearedinthehomeofwell-to-doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Hewasreadtoasachild,senttogoodschools,andgiveneveryopportunitytobestimulatedintellectually.Thisenvironmentaldifferencecontinueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteens,whentheyweregiventeststomeasuretheirintelligence.Mark'sI.Q.was125,twenty-fivepointshigherthantheaverageandfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.Givenequalopportunities,thetwins,havingidenticalbrains,wouldhavetestedatroughlythesamelevel.

　　21.Thisselectioncanbestbetitled____________.

　　A.MeasuringYourIntelligenceB.IntelligenceandEnvironment

　　C.TheCaseofPeterandMarkD.HowtheBrainInfluencesIntelligence

　　22.Thebeststatementofthemainideaofthispassageisthat_______.

　　A.humanbrainsdifferconsiderably

　　B.thebrainapersonisbornwithisimportantindetermininghisintelligence

　　C.environmentiscrucialindeterminingaperson'sintelligence

　　D.personshavingidenticalbrainswillhaveroughlythesameintelligence

　　23.Accordingtothepassage,theaverageI.Q.is_______.

　　A.85B.100C.110D.125

　　24.Thecasehistoryofthetwinsappearstosupporttheconclusionthat_______.

　　A.individualswithidenticalbrainsseldomtestatthesamelevel

　　B.anindividual'sintelligenceisdeterminedonlybyhisenvironment

　　C.lackofopportunityblocksthegrowthofintelligence

　　D.changesofenvironmentproducechangesinthestructureofthebrain

　　25.Thispassagesuggeststhatanindividual'sI.Q._______.

　　A.canbepredictedatbirthB.staysthesamethroughouthislife

　　C.canbeincreasedbyeducationD.isdeterminedbyhischildhood 

Passage2

　　Asareliabletravelagency,wereallydotrytodescribeourcentersandaccommodationasrealisticallyaspossible.AllourSuperCentersandMainCentershavebeenextensivelyinvestigatedduringthewinterseason1975-1976.Asaresultwehavefirst-handinformationonthewayinwhichhotels,lifenetworksandskischools,etc.operateduringtheseason.Wehavenotbeenabletoinvestigate,atfirsthand,allourIndependentCentersduringthelastseasonbutallhavebeenvis