辽宁省本溪市第一中学学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题含参考答案.docx

辽宁省本溪市第一中学学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题含参考答案.docx

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辽宁省本溪市第一中学学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题含参考答案

本溪市第一中学2018-2019学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题

第I卷

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Next timeyouraiseaneyebrowattheviewsofyourpartner,friend,sibling（兄弟姐妹）orcolleague,remembertheycouldbehelpingtomakeyousmarter.Newresearchshowsthatintelligenceisnotfixedbutcanbeimprovedthroughoutadulthoodbyfamilymembers,brightmatesandintellectuallychallengingcareers.Thestudychallengesthecommonlyheldbeliefthatintelligenceis fixed bytheageofabout18.

Scientificconsensussuggeststhatintelligenceiscontrolledbygenes,withenvironmentalfactorssuchasschoolingandnutritionplayingapartialroleuptothisage.Afterthispoint,IQscoresbecomesteady（稳定的）.ButJamesFlynn,professorofpoliticalstudiesandpsychologyatthe University of Otago in NewZealand,arguesthatpeoplecan“upgrade”theirownintelligencethroughouttheirlives.Hebelievesintellectualstimulation（刺激）fromothersisimportantasthe“brainseemstoberatherlikeamuscle–themoreyouuseit,thestrongeritgets”.However,theoppositeisalsotrue–sopeoplesharingahomeorworkplacewiththosewhoareintellectuallychallengedriskseeingtheirIQlevelsnosediveasaresult.

ProfessorFlynnanalyzedUSintelligencetestsfromthelast65yearsandcreatednewIQ“agetables”.Hefoundabrightten-year-oldwithbrothersandsistersofaverageintelligencewillsufferafivetotenpointIQdisadvantagecomparedtoasimilarchildwithequallybrightbrothersandsistersandspecialeducationaltreatmenttohelppullthemup.

ProfessorFlynnalsoconcludedthatalthoughgeneticsandearlylifeexperiencesdetermineabout80%ofintelligence,theremaining20%islinkedtolifestyle.ThismeansthatpeoplecanraisetheirIQ,orallowittofall,bytenpointsormore.HesuggestedthebestwaytoimproveIQlevelsistomixwithbrightfriends,findanintellectuallychallengingjobandmarrysomeonecleverer.

21.Accordingtothetext,itiscommonlybelievedthat________.

A.people’sIQlevelfallsastheyage

B.itiswisetosharefamilymembers’views

C.peoplecannotimprovetheirintelligenceduringadulthood

D.doingsomethingchallengingisgoodforone’sintelligence

22.Theunderlinedword“nosedive”in paragraph2probablymeans________.

 A.vary              B.develop              C.change              D.fall

23.Whichofthefollowingcanhelpimproveone’sintelligenceaccordingtoProfessorFlynn?

A.Makingmanyfriends.B.Stayingwithsmartpeople.

C.Doingexerciseeveryday.D.Learningfrombrothersorsisters

24.Thepurposeofthetextisto________.

A.informB.advertiseC.entertainD.persuade

B

HowImportantIsFashion?

Islookingfashionablemoreimportantthanbeingcomfortable?

Manypeopleseemtothinkso,judgingbythethingstheywear.Butfashionisnoteverything.Itismoreimportanttobeahealthyand goodperson.

Peopletrytobefashionable.Somepeoplethinktheyhavetohaveacertainbodytype,sotheygoonextreme,unhealthydietsinordertochangetheirbodies.Inaddition,manywomenwearuncomfortablefashions,suchashigh-heeledshoesthatcreateblisters（水泡）,tightbodyshapersthatlimitbloodflow,andstickyfalseeyelashes（假睫毛）.Menandwomenalikespendtimeandmoneyonproductsthatchangetheirnaturalhaircolorandusehotironsandblowdryerstocurlorstraightentheirhair.Somepeoplespend severalhoursadayinfrontofamirror.Isfashionimportantenoughtospendsomuchtimeandeffortonchanginghowyoulooklike?

Ifthepurposeoffashionistomakeapersonfeelgood,itdoesnotmakesensethatheorshewouldgothroughsomuchdiscomforttobefashionable.Fashionshouldnotcomefirst.Peopleshouldprioritize（优先考虑）beinghealthyandpositive.Whatpeopleweardoesnotindicateanythingabouttheirpersonalities.Insteadofspendinghourschoosingasuit,perhapsyoushouldcallyourfriendsanddosomethingtogether!

Insteadofgoingonstrictdietsandstarving,whynoteatsomehealthyfoodsandthenexercise?

Bydoingthesethings,youcankeepahealthylifestyle andtrulygrowasaperson.

25. Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthetextisto           .

A. showreadersadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdieting

B. informreadersofthelatestfashiontrends

C. tellreaderswaystobecomefashionable

D. persuadereaderstovaluehealthmorethanfashion

26. Whichstatementbestshowstheauthor’sviewpoint?

A. Whenyoulookgood,youfeelgood.

B. Fashionincreasesfamouspeople’sself-respect.

C. Fashioncanmakepeopledosomeunhealthythings.

D. Peopleneedtodiettoloseweight.

27. Whichofthefollowingactivitieswouldtheauthormostlikelysuggest?

A. Goingskatingwithfriends.B. Startinganewdietwithafriend.

C.Shoppingforbargainclothes. D. Changingthehairstyleeveryweek.

C

PeoplefromBritainandIrelandfirstcametoliveinAustraliain1788.Theybroughtdifferentdialects（方言）ofEnglishwiththem.ThesedifferentkindsofEnglishbegantomixandchange.Thenewcomerssoonbegantospeakwiththeirowntypicalaccent（口音）andvocabulary.MoreandmorepeoplecametoAustraliaduringtheGoldRushinthe19thand20thcenturies.SomecamefromBritainandIreland;otherscamefromnon-Englishspeakingcountries.AustralianEnglishcontinuedtogrowandchange.

AustralianEnglishhasalsobeeninfluencedbyAmericanEnglish.DuringtheSecondWorldWar,thereweremanyAmericansoldiersstayinginAustralia.Moreimportantly,AmericantelevisionshowsandmusichavebeenpopularinAustraliasincethe1950s.

AustraliansusemanywordsthatotherEnglishspeakersdonotuse.ThefamousAustraliangreeting,forexample,isG’day!

AnativeforestiscalledthebushandcentralAustraliaiscalledtheoutback.ManywordswerebroughttoAustraliafromBritainandIreland.Forexample,matemeans“friend”，anditisstillusedinBritain.Someofthesewordshavechangedinmeaning.SomewordshavecomefromAustralianoriginallanguages,manyofwhicharenamesforanimals,plantsandplaces,likedingoandkangaroo.

AustralianspellingcomesfromBritishspelling.Inwordslikeorganiseandrealise,-iseistheexpectedandtaughtspellingmethod.Inwordslikecolour,favourite,-ouristhenormal,butnounssuchastheLaborPartyandVictorHarborarespelledwith-or.Program,ontheotherhand,ismorecommonthanprogramme.

Therearealsodifferencesinthedefinition（定义）ofwordsAustraliansuseindifferentpartsofthecountry.Forexample,footballmeans“rugby”inNewSouthWalesandQueensland,but“Australianrulesfootball”ineverywhereelseinAustralia.InNewSouthWales,aswimmingcostumeiscalledacossieorswimmers,whileinQueenslanditiscalledtogsandbathersinVictoria.　　

28.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisspokenonlybyAustralians?

A.Mate.B.Outback.C.Program.D.Rugby.

29.Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?

A.ThesamewordmighthavedifferentmeaningsindifferentpartsofAustralia.

B.TherearcdifferentexpressionsaboutsportsinAustralia.

C.AustralianrulesfootballisthemostpopularsportinAustralia.

D.Australiansarefondofsportsandgames.

30.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheHistoryofAustralia.B.TheDevelopmentofAustralianEnglish.

C.TheBirthofAustralianEnglish.D.DifferentKindsofEnglishAcrosstheWorld.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Ifyoufeeldepressed（消沉的）it’sbesttodosomethingaboutit—depressiondoesn’tjustgoawayonitsown.Inadditiontogettinghelpfromadoctorherearefourthingsyoucandotofeelbetter.

Exercise.

Takea15-to-30-minutewalkeverydayordanceifyouprefer.    31    Butmakeyourselfdoitanyway.Onceyougetintheexercisehabititwon’ttakelongtonoticeadifferenceinyourmood. 

Provideyourselfwithgoodnutrition（营养）.

Depressioncanaffectappetite（食欲）.Somepeoplemaynotfeellikeeatingatallwhileothersmightovereat.    32    Soeatplentyoffruitsandvegetablesandgetregularmeals.

Findouttroubles.

  33  Whenyouknowwhat’sgotyoufeelingblueandwhytalkaboutitwithacaringfriend.Talkingisawaytoreceivesomeunderstanding.Ifthere’snoonetotellpouringyourheartouttoajournalworksjustaswell. 

  34    

Depressionaffectsaperson’sthoughtsmakingeverythingseemunhappyandhopeless.Ifdepressionhasyounoticingonlythenegative,makeanefforttonoticethegoodthingsinlife.Trytonoticeonethingandthentrytothinkofonemore.Consideryourstrengthsorgifts.

Mostofalldon’tforgettobepatientwithyourself.    35   

A.Depressiontakestimetoheal.

B.Takeactiontosolveproblems.

C.Lookonthebrightside.

D.Propernutritioncanaffectaperson’smoodandenergy.

E.Trytomakeoutanysituationsthathaveledtoyourdepression.

F.Peoplewhoaredepressedmaynotfeelmuchlikebeingactive.

G.Withdepressionaperson’screativityandsenseoffunmayseemblocked.

第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从21-40题所给的选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Canyoulovesomeonetoomuch?

__36__youcanexpressthewrongkindoflove,butI’msureyoucan’t__37__toomuch.

Oneofmyfavoritestoriestellsofawomanwhofinally__38__toaskherbossforaraiseinsalary.Alldayshefelt__39__.Lateintheafternoonsheworkedupthe__40__tospeaktoheremployer.Toherdelight,he__41__araise.

Thewomanarrivedhomethateveningtoabeautiful__42__setwiththeirbestdishes.Herhusbandhadcomehomeearlyand__43__afestivalmeal.Shewonderedifhe__44__knewthatshewouldno