高考英语高考新题型阅读填空题精练.docx

高考英语高考新题型阅读填空题精练.docx

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高考英语高考新题型阅读填空题精练

高考新题型（阅读填空题）精练

阅读短文，根据所读内容在表中的空格处填上适当的单词或短语，每空不超过3个单词。

（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）

（1）

Countriesalsouseanimalsassymbols.Fromeaglestolions,manycountriesuseananimaltoshowitsnationalspiritandcharacter.

TheimageofaneagleisontheUSPresident'sflag,andontheone-dollarbill.Thebaldeagleisalarge,powerful,brownbirdwithawhiteheadandtail.

TheUSdeclaredthattheeaglewasitsnationalbirdin1782.Itwaschosenbecauseof"itslonglife,greatstrength,andnoblelooks".

But,oneoftheFoundingFathers,BenjaminFranklindidn'tagreewiththechoice."Thebaldeagle...isabirdofbadmoralcharacter;likethoseamongmenwholivebyrobbing"heargued.Franklinwantedtheturkeyasthecountry'snationalbird.

IfAmericanschosetheirnationalsymboldeliberately（人为地）,thesymbolofEnglandaroseoutofhistory.

KingHenryI（1068-1135）wasabravewarriorbutalsowise.HewasthefirstEnglishKingtousealionasaroyalsymbol,whichispopularlyknownasthe"kingofthejungle".BytheyearRichardI,knownas"TheLionHeart"forhisbravery,cametothethronein1189,thefamousThreeLionsbadgehadbeenformed.NowitcanbeseenontheshirtsofEngland'ssportsteams.

EveryoneknowsabouttheAustraliankangaroo.Legendhasitthatthekangaroogetsitsnamefromanearlymeetingbetweenlocalaboriginesandwhitesettlers.WhenaskedbytheEuropeanswhatthesestrange-lookinganimalswere,anativereplied"kangaroo"meaning,"Idon'tunderstandyou."

Thekangarooisanindividualisticanimal.Althoughitdoesgatheringroups,thekangarooisnotaherdanimal.Ifagroupisattacked,individualsrunoffindifferentdirections.Australiansthinkthekangaroorepresentspositivevalues,suchasindividualresponsibilityandpride.

AnimalsShowingNationalSpiritandCharacter

76._______

Country

Features

Whychosen/consideredso

Eagle

78._______

80._______

82._______

Greatstrength

Powerful

83._______

77._______

England

81._______

84._______

Knownas“kingofthejungle”

Kangaroo

79._______

Individualistic

Typicaltotheland

85._______

（2）

Haveyoueverbeenfrustrated（沮丧的）whenlefttalkingtoyourselfafteryourmobilephonebatteryrunsoutinthemiddleofacall?

Ifyes,thenherecomessomegoodnews.Scientistsarenowperfectingawaytorecharge（充电）electricalequipmentwhileonthemove.

ResearchersfromtheNetherlands,FranceandPortugalannouncedlastweekthattheyhavedevelopedverythinsolarpanels（太阳能板）thatcanbeputonclothes.Theycanalsobeaddedtofurnitureandrooftops.Theychangelightfromthesunintoelectricity.

Inaboutthreeyears,you'llbeabletowearajacketthatwillrechargeyourphoneasyouwalk.Forcampingfans,thedevelopmentcouldleadtoatentwhichchargesbatteriesalldaysoyoucanhavelightormusicatnight.

Thebasictechnologyofwearablesolarpanelsisthesameasthatusedforconventional（传统的）solarpanels.Pairsofsheetsofsemi-conductingsilicon（半导体硅）arelinkedtogethertoformthepanel.

Butscientistsmadethemmuchthinnerbyusingdifferentsilicon.Atonemicro-metre,theyarethesamethicknessasphotographicfilm.

"Thistechnologywillmakeiteasierforpeopletousecleanenergysources,"saidGerritKroesen,aphysicistintheNetherlandswholedtheteamofscientists.

Butthethinpanelsarenotasefficientasthethickerones.Whilesomesolarpanelsnowoperateatanefficiencyofabout20percent,thenewflexible（柔韧的）panelsareonly7percentefficient.Butthescientistsbelievethatthisisworthacceptingforastrongerandmoreusefulpanel.

Butthethinnerpanelischeaper.AnA4sizedpanelputontothebackofajacketcostslessthanUS$13.Itcouldchargeacellphoneduringasummerwalkinthecountryside.Aslongasyoustaywithinrangeofthetransmittingmasts（发射天线）thatrelayacalltothenetworks,phoneswillneveragainrunoutofpower.

NewWaytoRechargeElectricalEquipment

Newinvention

76._____________

77._____________

Changelightfromthesunintoelectricity

Basicmaterial

78._____________

Developmentintechnology

79._____________

80._____________

81._____________

Easiertousecleanenergysources

Cheaper

Wheretofix

82._____________

83._____________

Rooftops

84._____________

Netherlands

France

Portugal

Countryoftheleadingresearcher

85._____________

（3）

Eventssuchashurricanes,earthquakes,floods,volcaniceruptions,andtornadoesareallnaturaldisasters.Theyaremostlyrelatedtotheweather.Somearepredictable----likeahurricane.Some,likeanearthquake,surpriseus.Itisnecessaryforustolearnaboutthem,sowecanbeprepared!

Floodinghappensduringheavyrains,whenriversoverflow,whenoceanwavescomeonshore,whensnowmeltstoofastorwhendamsorbanksbreak.Floodingisthemostcommonofallnaturaldisasters.

HurricanesareseveretropicalstormsthatforminthesouthernAtlanticOcean,CaribbeanSea,GulfofMexico,andinthePacificOcean.Hurricanesgatherheatandenergythroughcontactwithwarmoceanwaters.Evaporationfromtheseawaterincreasestheirpower.

Hurricaneshavewindsatleast74milesperhour.Whentheycomeontoland,theheavyrain,strongwindsandheavywavescandamagebuildings,treesandcars.

Tornadoesarenature’smostviolentstorms.Tornadoesmustalwaysbetakenseriously.Tornadoescanbeverydangerous----sometimesevendeadly.Theycomefrompowerfulthunderstormsandappearasmoving.Tornadowindscanreach300milesperhour.Theycausedamagewhentheylandtheground.Theycandamageanareaonemilewideand50mileslong.

Whilethunderwon'thurtyou----lightningwill!

Soit'simportanttopayattentionwhenyouhearthunder.Thunderstormshappenmostlyinsummerandeverythunderstormhaslightning.Lightningcanstrikepeopleandbuildings,whichisverydangerous.

Thunderstormsaffectsmallareaswhencomparedwithhurricanesandwinterstorms.Thetypicalthunderstormis15milesindiameterandlastsanaverageof30minutes.

Avolcanoisamountainwithalargeopeningatthetopthroughwhichmeltingrock,steam,gasesescapefromtimetotimewithviolentforcefrominsidetheearth.Whenpressureincreases,eruptionsoccur.Gasesandrockshootupthroughtheopeningfilltheairwithsmallpieces.Eruptionscancauselavaflows,hotashflows,mudslides,fallingashandfloods,whichislikelytoknockdownentireforests,causefloodsandearthquakes.Freshvolcanicashcancausedamagetothelungsofolderpeople,babiesandpeoplewithrespiratoryproblems.

TerribleNaturalDisasters

76.___________

Reasons

Basicfeatures

Possibledamageto

Flooding

Heavyrains

Themostcommon

79.___________

Snowmelts

Damsorbanksbreaks

77.___________

80.___________

Buildings

Strongwindatleast74milesperhour

82.___________

Heavywaves

Tornadoes

Wind300milesperhour

83.___________

81.___________

Thunder

Lightning

84.___________

78.___________

PressureinsideEarth

Gasesandrockshootup

85.___________

Causefloodsandearthquakes

Thepeople’shealth

（4）

Manyanimalandplantspecieshavebecomeextinct（灭绝的）andmanymoreareincriticaldanger.

Dodo

TheDodoisaclassicexampleofhowhumancauseddamagetotheearth'sbiology.TheflightlessDodowasnativetotheIslandofMauritiusintheIndianOcean.Theeasilycontrolledbirdbecameasourceoffoodforsailorsandwasattackedbyanimalsintroducedtotheislandbyhumanssuchaspigs,monkeysandrats.ThepopulationofDodosrapidlydecreasedandlastonewaskilledin1681.

Rhinos

TheRhino（犀牛）hornisahighlyprizeditemforAsianmedicine.Thishasledtotheanimalbeinghuntedinitsnaturalhabitat.OncewidespreadinAfricaandEurasia,mostrhinosnowliveinprotectednaturalparksandreserves（保护区）.Theirnumbershaverapidlydecreasedinthelast50years,andtheanimalsremainunderconstantthreatfrompoachers（偷猎者）.

TheGiantPanda

ThefutureoftheGiantPandaisfarfromcertain.Asfewas1000remaininthewild.TheChinesegovernmenthassetup33pandareservestoprotectthesebeautifulanimals.However,Thepanda'sdistinctblackandwhitepatchedcoatfetchesahighpriceontheblackmarketanddeterminedpoachersstillpose（造成）oneofthemostseriousthreatstotheanimalscontinuedexistence.

Whales

Despitethefactthatone-thirdtheworld'soceanshavebeendeclaredwhalesanctuaries（保护区）,7outof13whalespeciesremainendangered.Huntedfortheirrichsupplyofoil,theirnumbershavedecreasedtojust300.Collisions（碰撞）withships,poisonouspollutionandbeingcaughtinfishingnetsareothermajorcausesofwhaledeaths.

Tigers

Thelast100yearshasseena95%reductioninthenumbersofremainingtigerstobetween5000and7000andTheBali,Javan,andCaspiantigersarealreadyextinct.TheSouthChinatigerisprecariouslyclosetodisappearing,withonly20to30stillalive.LiketheRhinohorn,tigers’bonesandorgansaresoughtafterfortraditionalChinesemedicines.Theseitemsaretradedillegallyalongwithtigerskins.

AnimalConservation

76.______

Presentstate

Reasonsfordecreasing

Mainfeatures/use

Dodo

78.________

Huntedforfood

84.________

Attackedbyanimals

Rhinos

Rapidlydecreased

81.________

85.________

Tigers

Somespeciesextinct

Huntedforbones

TraditionalChinesemedicines

79.________

Huntedfororgans

Whales

80.________

82.________

Richoil

Collisionswithships

83.________

Caughtinfishingnets

77._____

Farfromcertain

Threatsfrompoachers

blackandwhitepatchedcoat

（5）

Thesmartjobseekerneedstoridherselfofseveralstandardmythsaboutinterviewing.