英语阅读理解练习题及解析.docx

英语阅读理解练习题及解析.docx

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英语阅读理解练习题及解析

英语阅读理解练习题及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Planyourdreamvacationtooneoftheseexcellentdestinations.

   St.Lucia

   AbundantrainforestsandsplendidmountainsareallreasonstovisitthisCaribbeanisland.St.Luciaofferstheperfectmixofrelaxationandadventure.Totakeinthebreathtakingscenery,plantohikethePitonMountainsordiveinthewatersofAnseChastanet.

   Banff.Alberta

   ThisCanadiandestinationwillbringouttheexplorerinanyonewhovisits.Fromhikingandwhitewaterraftingtoskiingandsnowboarding,Banffofferstravelersanabundanceofyear-roundoutdooractivities.TheLakeLouiseSkiResortisoneofthelargestinNorthAmericaandthestrikingphotoopportunitiesoftheCanadianRockiesfromMoraineLakecan'tbeunderestimated（低估）.

   MachuPicchu

   Accordingtotravelers,avisittothisPeruvianUNESCOWorldHeritage（遗产）siteisaonce-in-a-lifetimeadventure.LocatedintheAndesMountains,itisthemostfamiliaricon（象征物）ofIncacivilization.SpendafewdaysaccustomingyourselftothealtitudeintheneighboringcityofCusco,whereyoucanexperienceamixofIncanandSpanishcultures.

   GreatBarrierReef

   It'seasytoseewhytheGreatBarrierReefisoneoftheSevenNaturalWondersoftheWorld–itstretchesnearly1,500milesalongtheeasterncoastlineofAustraliaandfeaturesabout3,000reefs,900islandsandmorethan1,500speciesoffish.Travelerscanseetheseamazingnaturalstructuresfromtheairorunderwater.However,largeamountsofcoralbleaching（褪色）causedbyrisingoceantemperaturesputthisplace'scontinuedexistenceatrisk,soplanyourvisitsoontoseethisawesomesightupclose.

（1）WhatcanyouenjoybothinSt.LuciaandBanff?

A. Hiking.                          

B. Skiing.                          

C. Diving.                          

D. Snowboarding.

（2）Wheremayahistorianchoosetogo?

A. St.Lucia.               

B. Banff.Alberta.               

C. MachuPicchu.               

D. GreatBarrierReef

（3）WhatdoweknowabouttheGreatBarrierReef?

A. It'sonthewesterncoastofAustralia.             B. It'sfamousforcoralreefsratherthanfish.

C. Peoplemusttakeaplanetoenjoyitsbeauty.         

D. Itmaydisappeariftemperaturekeepsonrising.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四处假期极好的去处及各自特色。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据St.Lucia部分中的“plantohikethePitonMountainsordiveinthewatersofAnseChastanet.”和Banff.Alberta部分中的“Fromhikingandwhitewaterraftingtoskiingandsnowboarding,Banffofferstravelersanabundanceofyear-roundoutdooractivities.”可知在St.Lucia和Banff人们都可以徒步旅行，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据MachuPicchu部分中的“avisittothisPeruvianUNESCOWorldHeritage（遗产）siteisaonce-in-a-lifetimeadventure.和SpendafewdaysaccustomingyourselftothealtitudeintheneighboringcityofCusco,whereyoucanexperienceamixofIncanandSpanishcultures.”可知历史学家们可以在这里参观联合国教科文组织世界遗产遗址，体验印加文化和西班牙文化的融合。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据GreatBarrierReef部分中的“largeamountsofcoralbleaching（褪色）causedbyrisingoceantemperaturesputthisplace'scontinuedexistenceatrisk,soplanyourvisitsoontoseethisawesomesightupclose.”可知海洋温度升高造成大量珊瑚褪色，对大堡礁的存在造成了威胁。

由此可推断如果温度继续升高，大堡礁可能会消失。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   WhatdoLeonardodaVincii,MarieCurie,andAlbertEinsteinhaveincommon?

Theywereallleft-handed,alongwithotherfamouspeopleincludingBradPittPrinceWilliam,andBarackObama.Infact,anestimated13percentoftheworld'spopulationmaybeleft-handedandstillmostpeoplearoundtheworldareright-handed.

   Whatmakesapersonbecomeright-handedratherthanleft-handed?

Asyetnoonereallyknowsforsure.Onesimpleideasuggeststhatpeoplenormallygetright-handednessfromtheirparents.Studieshavefoundthattworight-handedparentshaveonlya9.5percentchanceofhavingaleft-handedchild,whereastwoleft-handedparentshavea26percentchanceofhavingaleft-handedchild.Anothercommontheoryisthatleft-handedpeoplesuffermildbraindamageduringbirth,whichmakesthemleft-handed.However,ifthistheoryweretrue,itwouldnotexplainwhythepercentageofleft-bandedpeopleissosimilarineverysociety,whenbirthconditionsvarysomuchfromsocietytosociety.

   Whateverthereasonsbehindit,people'sattitudestowardleft-handednesshavechangedalotovertheyears.Statisticsshowthatalthough13percentofyoungpeople（10-20yearsold）areleft-handed,only6percentoftheelderlyareleft-handed.Left-handedchildrenusedtobepunisheduntiltheybeganusingtheirrighthandlikeotherchildren,buttodaypeoplewhoareleft-handedarenolongerlookeddownonnoraretheyconsideredabnormal.Formostpeopletoday,eithercaseisperfectlyacceptable.

（1）Whatmakesoneright-handed?

A. Theenvironment.                                             

B. Mildbraindamageduringbirth.

C. Thereasonisuncertain.                                   D. Otherpeople.

（2）Whyisthenumberofyoungpeoplewhoareleft-handedbiggerthanthatoftheelderly?

A. Becausetheelderlyareforcedtobecomeright-handed.         

B. Becauseleft-handedpeopleareconsideredabnormal.

C. Becauseleft-handednesscanbecured.         

D. Becausetheyoungareeasilydamaged.

（3）Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?

A. Left-handedpeoplearelookeddownupon.         

B. Generalfactsaboutleft-handedpeople.

C. Somefamousleft-handedpeople.                 

D. Thereasonswhypeopleareleft-handed.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）B

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，关于左撇子现象作者进行了介绍和说明。

（1）考查细节理解。

第二段中讲了很多右手的使用比左手平常的可能性原因，根据”Asyetnoonereallyknowsforsure.”可知，虽然对于右手的使用比左手更为普遍这一现象有不同猜测，但是原因不明。

故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段“Statisticsshowthatalthough13percentofyoungpeople（10-20yearsold）areleft-handed,only6percentoftheelderlyareleft-handed.Left-handedchildrenusedtobepunisheduntiltheybeganusingtheirrighthandlikeotherchildren,buttodaypeoplewhoareleft-handedarenolongerlookeddownonnoraretheyconsideredabnormal.”可知，以前的左撇子孩子都会受到鄙视或者被认为是不正常的，所以，那一代的孩子会被惩罚直到他们改变这样的习惯，但是，现在人们的态度已经转变了。

故选B。

（3）考查主旨大意。

本文以客观、中立的态度描写了关于“左撇子”的一些事实，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Coralreefs（珊瑚礁）areanintegralpartofsealifeandsustainitbyprovidingshelterandhabitattovariousorganisms.Theyalsosupplyandrecyclenutrientsaswellasenableagrowingfishpopulation,alongwithotherspecies,forahealthyanddiverseecosystem.However,theriseinaveragewatertemperaturesduetoclimatechangehasresultedinmorefrequentandlongtimecoralbleaching（白化现象）eventsthatdamagetheirhealth,causingfishandotherseaspeciestoabandonthem.

   Inordertorestorethisdelicateecosystem,scientistsfromtheUKandAustraliaconductedastudythatinvolvedusingloudspeakersunderwaterneardamagedcoralreefstomakethemsoundhealthyandattractfish,potentiallykick-startingthenaturalrecoveryprocessofcoralreefsandtheirdependentlifeforms.ThelocationforthisexperimentwastheGreatBarrierReefintheCoralSea,foundalongsidetheeastcoastofQueensland,Australia.Thesiteisnotedtohavethelargestcoralreefsystemintheworld.

   "Healthycoralreefsareremarkablynoisyplaces-thecrackleofsnappingshrimpandthewhoopsandgruntsoffish.Youngfishconcentrateonthesesoundswhenthey'relookingforaplacetosettle,"saidSteveSimpson,studyco-authorandaprofessorattheUniversityofExeter,UK.

   Byusingloudspeakerstocopysuchsounds,partsofdeadcoralreefswerefoundtoattracttwiceasmanyfish,comparedtoplaceswherenosoundswereplayed."Thesereturningfish,arecrucialforcoralreefstofunctionashealthyecosystems.Boostingfishpopulationsinthiswaycouldhelptokick-startnaturalrecoveryprocesses,preventingthedamagewe'reseeingonmanycoralreefsaroundtheworld,"saidleadauthor,TimGordon.

（1）Whatcausesthephenomenonofcoralbleaching?

A.Diversespecies.

B.Noisepollution.

C.Fishingindustry.

D.Climbingtemperatures.

（2）Whatapproachisintroducedtorecoverthecoralreefs?

A.Removingdamagedcoralreefs.

B.Usingloudspeakerstokeepfishaway.

C.Buildingnewhomesforseaspecies.

D.Playingcertainsoundstoappealtofish.

（3）WhyareSteveSimpson'swordsquoted?

A.Toprovidesomefindingsofthestudy.

B.Toshowtheprogressoftheexperiment.

C.Toexplainreasonsforthenewapproach.

D.Togiveanothersolutiontotheproblem.

（4）Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Theattemptsareinvain.

B.Naturalrecoveryisimpossible.

C.Initialsuccesshasbeenachieved.

D.Thecoralreefshavereturnedtonormal.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）D

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，由于气候变化导致的平均水温上升导致了更频繁、更长期的珊瑚白化事件，而为了恢复这一脆弱的生态系统，科学家们在受损的珊瑚礁附近使用水下扩音器，让珊瑚听起来更健康，从而能够吸引鱼类。

作者解释了采用这一方法的原因以及这一新方法获得了初步成功。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“However,theriseinaveragewatertemperaturesduetoclimatechangehasresultedinmorefrequentandlongtimeucoralbleachingeventsthatdamagetheirhealth,causingfishandotherseaspeciestoabandonthem.”然而，由于气候变化导致的平均水温上升导致了更频繁、更长期的珊瑚白化事件，损害了它们的健康，导致鱼类和其他海洋物种抛弃它们，可知，气温攀升是导致珊瑚白化现象的原因。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Inordertorestorethisdelicateecosystem,scientistsfromtheUKandAustraliaconductedastudythatinvolvedusingloudspeakersunderwaterneardamagedcoralreefstomakethemsoundhealthyandattractfish,potentiallykick-startingthenaturalrecoveryprocessofcoralreefsandtheirdependentlifeforms.”为了恢复这一脆弱的生态系统，来自英国和澳大利亚的科学家们进行了一项研究，他们在受损的珊瑚礁附近使用水下扩音器，让它们听起来更健康，吸引鱼类，这可能会启动珊瑚礁的自然恢复过程及其依赖的生命形式，可知，应当采用播放某些声音来吸引鱼的方法来恢复珊瑚礁。

故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段中的“Healthycoralreefsareremarkablynoisyplaces-thecrackleofsnappingshrimpand